diff --git a/basis/compiler/cfg/def-use/def-use.factor b/basis/compiler/cfg/def-use/def-use.factor
index 7584931cf7..177f172a76 100644
--- a/basis/compiler/cfg/def-use/def-use.factor
+++ b/basis/compiler/cfg/def-use/def-use.factor
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ M: ##string-nth defs-vregs dst/tmp-vregs ;
 M: ##compare defs-vregs dst/tmp-vregs ;
 M: ##compare-imm defs-vregs dst/tmp-vregs ;
 M: ##compare-float defs-vregs dst/tmp-vregs ;
+M: ##fixnum-overflow defs-vregs temp>> 1array ;
 M: insn defs-vregs drop f ;
 
 M: ##unary uses-vregs src>> 1array ;
@@ -34,6 +35,7 @@ M: ##compare-imm-branch uses-vregs src1>> 1array ;
 M: ##dispatch uses-vregs src>> 1array ;
 M: ##alien-getter uses-vregs src>> 1array ;
 M: ##alien-setter uses-vregs [ src>> ] [ value>> ] bi 2array ;
+M: ##fixnum-overflow uses-vregs [ src1>> ] [ src2>> ] bi 2array ;
 M: _conditional-branch uses-vregs [ src1>> ] [ src2>> ] bi 2array ;
 M: _compare-imm-branch uses-vregs src1>> 1array ;
 M: insn uses-vregs drop f ;
@@ -43,6 +45,7 @@ UNION: vreg-insn
 ##write-barrier
 ##dispatch
 ##effect
+##fixnum-overflow
 ##conditional-branch
 ##compare-imm-branch
 _conditional-branch
diff --git a/basis/compiler/cfg/instructions/instructions.factor b/basis/compiler/cfg/instructions/instructions.factor
index ce1f6b7e85..4c050a3495 100644
--- a/basis/compiler/cfg/instructions/instructions.factor
+++ b/basis/compiler/cfg/instructions/instructions.factor
@@ -92,6 +92,12 @@ INSN: ##shr-imm < ##binary-imm ;
 INSN: ##sar-imm < ##binary-imm ;
 INSN: ##not < ##unary ;
 
+! Overflowing arithmetic
+TUPLE: ##fixnum-overflow < insn src1 src2 temp ;
+INSN: ##fixnum-add < ##fixnum-overflow ;
+INSN: ##fixnum-sub < ##fixnum-overflow ;
+INSN: ##fixnum-mul < ##fixnum-overflow ;
+
 : ##tag-fixnum ( dst src -- ) tag-bits get ##shl-imm ; inline
 : ##untag-fixnum ( dst src -- ) tag-bits get ##sar-imm ; inline
 
diff --git a/basis/compiler/cfg/intrinsics/fixnum/fixnum.factor b/basis/compiler/cfg/intrinsics/fixnum/fixnum.factor
index 04c9097725..f22623650a 100644
--- a/basis/compiler/cfg/intrinsics/fixnum/fixnum.factor
+++ b/basis/compiler/cfg/intrinsics/fixnum/fixnum.factor
@@ -64,3 +64,6 @@ IN: compiler.cfg.intrinsics.fixnum
 
 : emit-fixnum>bignum ( -- )
     ds-pop ^^untag-fixnum ^^integer>bignum ds-push ;
+
+: emit-fixnum-overflow-op ( quot -- )
+    [ 2inputs i 1 ##inc-d ] dip call begin-basic-block ; inline
diff --git a/basis/compiler/cfg/intrinsics/intrinsics.factor b/basis/compiler/cfg/intrinsics/intrinsics.factor
index ef1cde337a..7a073f56b0 100644
--- a/basis/compiler/cfg/intrinsics/intrinsics.factor
+++ b/basis/compiler/cfg/intrinsics/intrinsics.factor
@@ -22,6 +22,8 @@ IN: compiler.cfg.intrinsics
 
 {
     kernel.private:tag
+    math.private:fixnum+
+    math.private:fixnum-
     math.private:fixnum+fast
     math.private:fixnum-fast
     math.private:fixnum-bitand
@@ -88,6 +90,9 @@ IN: compiler.cfg.intrinsics
 : emit-intrinsic ( node word -- )
     {
         { \ kernel.private:tag [ drop emit-tag ] }
+        { \ math.private:fixnum+ [ drop [ ##fixnum-add ] emit-fixnum-overflow-op ] }
+        { \ math.private:fixnum- [ drop [ ##fixnum-sub ] emit-fixnum-overflow-op ] }
+        { \ math.private:fixnum* [ drop [ ##fixnum-mul ] emit-fixnum-overflow-op ] }
         { \ math.private:fixnum+fast [ [ ^^add ] [ ^^add-imm ] emit-fixnum-op ] }
         { \ math.private:fixnum-fast [ [ ^^sub ] [ ^^sub-imm ] emit-fixnum-op ] }
         { \ math.private:fixnum-bitand [ [ ^^and ] [ ^^and-imm ] emit-fixnum-op ] }
diff --git a/basis/compiler/cfg/stack-frame/stack-frame.factor b/basis/compiler/cfg/stack-frame/stack-frame.factor
index ec9ffaba49..ade2e8ac5e 100644
--- a/basis/compiler/cfg/stack-frame/stack-frame.factor
+++ b/basis/compiler/cfg/stack-frame/stack-frame.factor
@@ -34,6 +34,9 @@ M: insn compute-stack-frame*
 
 \ _gc t frame-required? set-word-prop
 \ _spill t frame-required? set-word-prop
+\ ##fixnum-add t frame-required? set-word-prop
+\ ##fixnum-sub t frame-required? set-word-prop
+\ ##fixnum-mul t frame-required? set-word-prop
 
 : compute-stack-frame ( insns -- )
     frame-required? off
diff --git a/basis/compiler/cfg/value-numbering/propagate/propagate.factor b/basis/compiler/cfg/value-numbering/propagate/propagate.factor
index a3c9725838..d5c9830c0b 100644
--- a/basis/compiler/cfg/value-numbering/propagate/propagate.factor
+++ b/basis/compiler/cfg/value-numbering/propagate/propagate.factor
@@ -62,4 +62,8 @@ M: ##compare-imm-branch propagate
 M: ##dispatch propagate
     [ resolve ] change-src ;
 
+M: ##fixnum-overflow propagate
+    [ resolve ] change-src1
+    [ resolve ] change-src2 ;
+
 M: insn propagate ;
diff --git a/basis/compiler/codegen/codegen.factor b/basis/compiler/codegen/codegen.factor
index bfb47ba330..f26c034e9f 100644
--- a/basis/compiler/codegen/codegen.factor
+++ b/basis/compiler/codegen/codegen.factor
@@ -156,6 +156,15 @@ M: ##shr-imm generate-insn dst/src1/src2 %shr-imm ;
 M: ##sar-imm generate-insn dst/src1/src2 %sar-imm ;
 M: ##not     generate-insn dst/src       %not     ;
 
+: src1/src2/temp ( insn -- src1 src2 temp )
+    [ src1>> register ]
+    [ src2>> register ]
+    [ temp>> register ] tri ; inline
+
+M: ##fixnum-add generate-insn src1/src2/temp %fixnum-add ;
+M: ##fixnum-sub generate-insn src1/src2/temp %fixnum-sub ;
+M: ##fixnum-mul generate-insn src1/src2/temp %fixnum-mul ;
+
 : dst/src/temp ( insn -- dst src temp )
     [ dst/src ] [ temp>> register ] bi ; inline
 
diff --git a/basis/cpu/architecture/architecture.factor b/basis/cpu/architecture/architecture.factor
index 3d6195d9eb..0f867e9027 100644
--- a/basis/cpu/architecture/architecture.factor
+++ b/basis/cpu/architecture/architecture.factor
@@ -77,6 +77,10 @@ HOOK: %shr-imm cpu ( dst src1 src2 -- )
 HOOK: %sar-imm cpu ( dst src1 src2 -- )
 HOOK: %not     cpu ( dst src -- )
 
+HOOK: %fixnum-add cpu ( src1 src2 temp -- )
+HOOK: %fixnum-sub cpu ( src1 src2 temp -- )
+HOOK: %fixnum-mul cpu ( src1 src2 temp -- )
+
 HOOK: %integer>bignum cpu ( dst src temp -- )
 HOOK: %bignum>integer cpu ( dst src temp -- )
 
diff --git a/basis/cpu/x86/32/32.factor b/basis/cpu/x86/32/32.factor
index 217047e4b6..0972ff5592 100644
--- a/basis/cpu/x86/32/32.factor
+++ b/basis/cpu/x86/32/32.factor
@@ -23,8 +23,8 @@ M: x86.32 machine-registers
 M: x86.32 ds-reg ESI ;
 M: x86.32 rs-reg EDI ;
 M: x86.32 stack-reg ESP ;
-M: x86.32 temp-reg-1 EAX ;
-M: x86.32 temp-reg-2 ECX ;
+M: x86.32 temp-reg-1 ECX ;
+M: x86.32 temp-reg-2 EDX ;
 
 M:: x86.32 %dispatch ( src temp offset -- )
     ! Load jump table base.
@@ -38,6 +38,10 @@ M:: x86.32 %dispatch ( src temp offset -- )
     [ align-code ]
     bi ;
 
+! Registers for fastcall
+M: x86.32 param-reg-1 drop EAX ;
+M: x86.32 param-reg-2 drop EDX ;
+
 M: x86.32 reserved-area-size 0 ;
 
 M: x86.32 %alien-global 0 [] MOV rc-absolute-cell rel-dlsym ;
diff --git a/basis/cpu/x86/64/64.factor b/basis/cpu/x86/64/64.factor
index 9ddad23004..9233af2a93 100644
--- a/basis/cpu/x86/64/64.factor
+++ b/basis/cpu/x86/64/64.factor
@@ -21,8 +21,8 @@ M: x86.64 machine-registers
 M: x86.64 ds-reg R14 ;
 M: x86.64 rs-reg R15 ;
 M: x86.64 stack-reg RSP ;
-M: x86.64 temp-reg-1 RAX ;
-M: x86.64 temp-reg-2 RCX ;
+M: x86.64 temp-reg-1 R8 ;
+M: x86.64 temp-reg-2 R9 ;
 
 M:: x86.64 %dispatch ( src temp offset -- )
     ! Load jump table base.
@@ -37,8 +37,8 @@ M:: x86.64 %dispatch ( src temp offset -- )
     [ align-code ]
     bi ;
 
-: param-reg-1 int-regs param-regs first ; inline
-: param-reg-2 int-regs param-regs second ; inline
+M: x86.64 param-reg-1 int-regs param-regs first ;
+M: x86.64 param-reg-2 int-regs param-regs second ;
 : param-reg-3 int-regs param-regs third ; inline
 
 M: int-regs return-reg drop RAX ;
diff --git a/basis/cpu/x86/x86.factor b/basis/cpu/x86/x86.factor
index f0f156a57d..0feab43545 100644
--- a/basis/cpu/x86/x86.factor
+++ b/basis/cpu/x86/x86.factor
@@ -14,6 +14,9 @@ M: x86 two-operand? t ;
 HOOK: temp-reg-1 cpu ( -- reg )
 HOOK: temp-reg-2 cpu ( -- reg )
 
+HOOK: param-reg-1 cpu ( -- reg )
+HOOK: param-reg-2 cpu ( -- reg )
+
 M: x86 %load-immediate MOV ;
 
 M: x86 %load-indirect swap 0 MOV rc-absolute-cell rel-immediate ;
@@ -90,6 +93,38 @@ M: x86 %shr-imm nip SHR ;
 M: x86 %sar-imm nip SAR ;
 M: x86 %not     drop NOT ;
 
+: ?MOV ( dst src -- )
+    2dup = [ 2drop ] [ MOV ] if ; inline
+
+:: move>args ( src1 src2 -- )
+    {
+        { [ src1 param-reg-2 = ] [ param-reg-1 src2 ?MOV param-reg-1 param-reg-2 XCHG ] }
+        { [ src1 param-reg-1 = ] [ param-reg-2 src2 ?MOV ] }
+        { [ src2 param-reg-1 = ] [ param-reg-2 src1 ?MOV param-reg-1 param-reg-2 XCHG ] }
+        { [ src2 param-reg-2 = ] [ param-reg-1 src1 ?MOV ] }
+        [
+            param-reg-1 src1 MOV
+            param-reg-2 src2 MOV
+        ]
+    } cond ;
+
+:: overflow-template ( src1 src2 temp insn func -- )
+    <label> "end" set
+    temp src1 MOV
+    temp src2 insn call
+    ds-reg [] temp MOV
+    "end" get JNO
+    src1 src2 move>args
+    %prepare-alien-invoke
+    func f %alien-invoke
+    "end" resolve-label ;
+
+M: x86 %fixnum-add ( src1 src2 temp -- )
+    [ ADD ] "overflow_fixnum_add" overflow-template ;
+
+M: x86 %fixnum-sub ( src1 src2 temp -- )
+    [ SUB ] "overflow_fixnum_subtract" overflow-template ;
+
 : bignum@ ( reg n -- op )
     cells bignum tag-number - [+] ; inline
 
@@ -158,9 +193,6 @@ M: x86 %div-float nip DIVSD ;
 M: x86 %integer>float CVTSI2SD ;
 M: x86 %float>integer CVTTSD2SI ;
 
-: ?MOV ( dst src -- )
-    2dup = [ 2drop ] [ MOV ] if ; inline
-
 M: x86 %copy ( dst src -- ) ?MOV ;
 
 M: x86 %copy-float ( dst src -- )
diff --git a/vm/math.h b/vm/math.h
index 4fa3c8d35f..f94f12b76d 100644
--- a/vm/math.h
+++ b/vm/math.h
@@ -12,6 +12,11 @@ void primitive_float_to_fixnum(void);
 void primitive_fixnum_add(void);
 void primitive_fixnum_subtract(void);
 void primitive_fixnum_multiply(void);
+
+DLLEXPORT F_FASTCALL void overflow_fixnum_add(F_FIXNUM x, F_FIXNUM y);
+DLLEXPORT F_FASTCALL void overflow_fixnum_subtract(F_FIXNUM x, F_FIXNUM y);
+DLLEXPORT F_FASTCALL void overflow_fixnum_multiply(F_FIXNUM x, F_FIXNUM y);
+
 void primitive_fixnum_divint(void);
 void primitive_fixnum_divmod(void);
 void primitive_fixnum_shift(void);