diff --git a/basis/alien/libraries/libraries-docs.factor b/basis/alien/libraries/libraries-docs.factor
index eac7655c38..a23a00b502 100755
--- a/basis/alien/libraries/libraries-docs.factor
+++ b/basis/alien/libraries/libraries-docs.factor
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 ! Copyright (C) 2009 Slava Pestov.
 ! See http://factorcode.org/license.txt for BSD license.
 USING: accessors alien alien.syntax assocs help.markup
-help.syntax io.backend kernel namespaces ;
+help.syntax io.backend kernel namespaces strings ;
 IN: alien.libraries
 
 HELP: <library>
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ HELP: libraries
 { $description "A global hashtable that keeps a list of open libraries. Use the " { $link add-library } " word to construct a library and add it with a single call." } ;
 
 HELP: library
-{ $values { "name" "a string" } { "library" assoc } }
+{ $values { "name" string } { "library" assoc } }
 { $description "Looks up a library by its logical name. The library object is a hashtable with the following keys:"
     { $list
         { { $snippet "name" } " - the full path of the C library binary" }
@@ -40,11 +40,11 @@ HELP: dlclose ( dll -- )
 { $description "Closes a DLL handle created by " { $link dlopen } ". This word might not be implemented on all platforms." } ;
 
 HELP: load-library
-{ $values { "name" "a string" } { "dll" "a DLL handle" } }
+{ $values { "name" string } { "dll" "a DLL handle" } }
 { $description "Loads a library by logical name and outputs a handle which may be passed to " { $link dlsym } " or " { $link dlclose } ". If the library is already loaded, returns the existing handle." } ;
 
 HELP: add-library
-{ $values { "name" "a string" } { "path" "a string" } { "abi" "one of " { $snippet "\"cdecl\"" } " or " { $snippet "\"stdcall\"" } } }
+{ $values { "name" string } { "path" string } { "abi" "one of " { $snippet "\"cdecl\"" } " or " { $snippet "\"stdcall\"" } } }
 { $description "Defines a new logical library named " { $snippet "name" } " located in the file system at " { $snippet "path" } "and the specified ABI." }
 { $notes "Because the entire source file is parsed before top-level forms are executed, " { $link add-library } " cannot be used in the same file as " { $link POSTPONE: FUNCTION: } " definitions from that library. The " { $link add-library } " call will happen too late, after compilation, and the alien calls will not work."
 $nl
@@ -59,9 +59,14 @@ $nl
 }
 "Note the parse time evaluation with " { $link POSTPONE: << } "." } ;
 
+HELP: remove-library
+{ $values { "name" string } }
+{ $description "Unloads a library and removes it from the internal list of libraries. The " { $snippet "name" } " parameter should be a name that was previously passed to " { $link add-library } ". If no library with that name exists, this word does nothing." } ;
+
 ARTICLE: "loading-libs" "Loading native libraries"
 "Before calling a C library, you must associate its path name on disk with a logical name which Factor uses to identify the library:"
 { $subsection add-library }
+{ $subsection remove-library }
 "Once a library has been defined, you can try loading it to see if the path name is correct:"
 { $subsection load-library }
 "If the compiler cannot load a library, or cannot resolve a symbol in a library, a linkage error is reported using the compiler error mechanism (see " { $link "compiler-errors" } "). Once you install the right library, reload the source file containing the " { $link add-library } " form to force the compiler to try loading the library again." ;
diff --git a/basis/alien/libraries/libraries-tests.factor b/basis/alien/libraries/libraries-tests.factor
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..13eb134ea9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/basis/alien/libraries/libraries-tests.factor
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+IN: alien.libraries.tests
+USING: alien.libraries alien.syntax tools.test kernel ;
+
+[ f ] [ DLL" fadfasdfsada" dll-valid? ] unit-test
+
+[ f ] [ "does not exist" DLL" fadsfasfdsaf" dlsym ] unit-test
+
+[ ] [ "doesnotexist" dlopen dlclose ] unit-test
+
+[ "fdasfsf" dll-valid? drop ] must-fail
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/basis/alien/libraries/libraries.factor b/basis/alien/libraries/libraries.factor
index 0b39bedadd..b2ce66b02c 100755
--- a/basis/alien/libraries/libraries.factor
+++ b/basis/alien/libraries/libraries.factor
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 ! Copyright (C) 2009 Slava Pestov.
 ! See http://factorcode.org/license.txt for BSD license.
-USING: accessors alien alien.strings assocs io.backend kernel namespaces ;
+USING: accessors alien alien.strings assocs io.backend
+kernel namespaces destructors ;
 IN: alien.libraries
 
 : dlopen ( path -- dll ) native-string>alien (dlopen) ;
@@ -21,5 +22,12 @@ TUPLE: library path abi dll ;
 : load-library ( name -- dll )
     library dup [ dll>> ] when ;
 
-: add-library ( name path abi -- )
-    <library> swap libraries get set-at ;
\ No newline at end of file
+M: dll dispose dlclose ;
+
+M: library dispose dll>> [ dispose ] when* ;
+
+: remove-library ( name -- )
+    libraries get delete-at* [ dispose ] [ drop ] if ;
+
+: add-library ( name path abi -- )    
+    <library> swap libraries get [ delete-at ] [ set-at ] 2bi ;
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/basis/compiler/cfg/optimizer/optimizer-tests.factor b/basis/compiler/cfg/optimizer/optimizer-tests.factor
old mode 100644
new mode 100755
index 97ebc7cc3e..93adc4c0f9
--- a/basis/compiler/cfg/optimizer/optimizer-tests.factor
+++ b/basis/compiler/cfg/optimizer/optimizer-tests.factor
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ USING: accessors arrays compiler.cfg.checker
 compiler.cfg.debugger compiler.cfg.def-use
 compiler.cfg.instructions fry kernel kernel.private math
 math.private sbufs sequences sequences.private sets
-slots.private strings tools.test vectors ;
+slots.private strings tools.test vectors layouts ;
 IN: compiler.cfg.optimizer.tests
 
 ! Miscellaneous tests
@@ -35,10 +35,11 @@ IN: compiler.cfg.optimizer.tests
     [ [ ] ] dip '[ _ test-mr first check-mr ] unit-test
 ] each
 
-[ t ]
-[
+cell 8 = [
+    [ t ]
     [
-        HEX: 7fff fixnum-bitand 13 fixnum-shift-fast
-        112 23 fixnum-shift-fast fixnum+fast
-    ] test-mr first instructions>> [ ##add? ] any?
-] unit-test
+        [
+            1 50 fixnum-shift-fast fixnum+fast
+        ] test-mr first instructions>> [ ##add? ] any?
+    ] unit-test
+] when
diff --git a/basis/compiler/tree/modular-arithmetic/authors.txt b/basis/compiler/tree/modular-arithmetic/authors.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a44f8d7f8d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/basis/compiler/tree/modular-arithmetic/authors.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+Slava Pestov
+Daniel Ehrenberg
diff --git a/basis/compiler/tree/modular-arithmetic/modular-arithmetic-tests.factor b/basis/compiler/tree/modular-arithmetic/modular-arithmetic-tests.factor
index 6e1c32d89d..7fb1b3d5ac 100644
--- a/basis/compiler/tree/modular-arithmetic/modular-arithmetic-tests.factor
+++ b/basis/compiler/tree/modular-arithmetic/modular-arithmetic-tests.factor
@@ -1,9 +1,12 @@
+! Copyright (C) 2008, 2009 Slava Pestov, Daniel Ehrenberg.
+! See http://factorcode.org/license.txt for BSD license.
 IN: compiler.tree.modular-arithmetic.tests
 USING: kernel kernel.private tools.test math math.partial-dispatch
 math.private accessors slots.private sequences strings sbufs
 compiler.tree.builder
 compiler.tree.optimizer
-compiler.tree.debugger ;
+compiler.tree.debugger
+alien.accessors layouts combinators byte-arrays ;
 
 : test-modular-arithmetic ( quot -- quot' )
     build-tree optimize-tree nodes>quot ;
@@ -135,4 +138,36 @@ TUPLE: declared-fixnum { x fixnum } ;
 ] unit-test
 
 [ [ >fixnum 255 fixnum-bitand ] ]
-[ [ >integer 256 rem ] test-modular-arithmetic ] unit-test
\ No newline at end of file
+[ [ >integer 256 rem ] test-modular-arithmetic ] unit-test
+
+[ [ "COMPLEX SHUFFLE" fixnum+fast "COMPLEX SHUFFLE" set-alien-unsigned-1 ] ]
+[ [ [ { fixnum fixnum } declare + ] 2dip set-alien-unsigned-1 ] test-modular-arithmetic ] unit-test
+
+[ [ "COMPLEX SHUFFLE" fixnum+fast "COMPLEX SHUFFLE" set-alien-unsigned-2 ] ]
+[ [ [ { fixnum fixnum } declare + ] 2dip set-alien-unsigned-2 ] test-modular-arithmetic ] unit-test
+
+cell {
+    { 4 [ [ [ "COMPLEX SHUFFLE" fixnum+ "COMPLEX SHUFFLE" set-alien-unsigned-4 ] ] ] }
+    { 8 [ [ [ "COMPLEX SHUFFLE" fixnum+fast "COMPLEX SHUFFLE" set-alien-unsigned-4 ] ] ] }
+} case
+[ [ [ { fixnum fixnum } declare + ] 2dip set-alien-unsigned-4 ] test-modular-arithmetic ] unit-test
+
+[ [ "COMPLEX SHUFFLE" fixnum+ "COMPLEX SHUFFLE" set-alien-unsigned-8 ] ]
+[ [ [ { fixnum fixnum } declare + ] 2dip set-alien-unsigned-8 ] test-modular-arithmetic ] unit-test
+
+[ [ "COMPLEX SHUFFLE" fixnum+fast "COMPLEX SHUFFLE" set-alien-signed-1 ] ]
+[ [ [ { fixnum fixnum } declare + ] 2dip set-alien-signed-1 ] test-modular-arithmetic ] unit-test
+
+[ [ "COMPLEX SHUFFLE" fixnum+fast "COMPLEX SHUFFLE" set-alien-signed-2 ] ]
+[ [ [ { fixnum fixnum } declare + ] 2dip set-alien-signed-2 ] test-modular-arithmetic ] unit-test
+
+cell {
+    { 4 [ [ [ "COMPLEX SHUFFLE" fixnum+ "COMPLEX SHUFFLE" set-alien-signed-4 ] ] ] }
+    { 8 [ [ [ "COMPLEX SHUFFLE" fixnum+fast "COMPLEX SHUFFLE" set-alien-signed-4 ] ] ] }
+} case
+[ [ [ { fixnum fixnum } declare + ] 2dip set-alien-signed-4 ] test-modular-arithmetic ] unit-test
+
+[ [ "COMPLEX SHUFFLE" fixnum+ "COMPLEX SHUFFLE" set-alien-signed-8 ] ]
+[ [ [ { fixnum fixnum } declare + ] 2dip set-alien-signed-8 ] test-modular-arithmetic ] unit-test
+
+[ t ] [ [ { fixnum byte-array } declare [ + ] with map ] { + fixnum+ >fixnum } inlined? ] unit-test
diff --git a/basis/compiler/tree/modular-arithmetic/modular-arithmetic.factor b/basis/compiler/tree/modular-arithmetic/modular-arithmetic.factor
index 31939a0d22..148286faba 100644
--- a/basis/compiler/tree/modular-arithmetic/modular-arithmetic.factor
+++ b/basis/compiler/tree/modular-arithmetic/modular-arithmetic.factor
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
-! Copyright (C) 2008 Slava Pestov.
+! Copyright (C) 2008, 2009 Slava Pestov, Daniel Ehrenberg.
 ! See http://factorcode.org/license.txt for BSD license.
 USING: math math.partial-dispatch namespaces sequences sets
 accessors assocs words kernel memoize fry combinators
-combinators.short-circuit
+combinators.short-circuit layouts alien.accessors
 compiler.tree
 compiler.tree.combinators
 compiler.tree.def-use
@@ -28,6 +28,16 @@ IN: compiler.tree.modular-arithmetic
 { bitand bitor bitxor bitnot }
 [ t "modular-arithmetic" set-word-prop ] each
 
+{
+    >fixnum
+    set-alien-unsigned-1 set-alien-signed-1
+    set-alien-unsigned-2 set-alien-signed-2
+}
+cell 8 = [
+    { set-alien-unsigned-4 set-alien-signed-4 } append
+] when
+[ t "low-order" set-word-prop ] each
+
 SYMBOL: modularize-values
 
 : modular-value? ( value -- ? )
@@ -54,7 +64,7 @@ M: node maybe-modularize* 2drop ;
 GENERIC: compute-modularized-values* ( node -- )
 
 M: #call compute-modularized-values*
-    dup word>> \ >fixnum eq?
+    dup word>> "low-order" word-prop
     [ in-d>> first maybe-modularize ] [ drop ] if ;
 
 M: node compute-modularized-values* drop ;
diff --git a/basis/farkup/farkup-tests.factor b/basis/farkup/farkup-tests.factor
index 7d9c900ec2..863dc522b2 100644
--- a/basis/farkup/farkup-tests.factor
+++ b/basis/farkup/farkup-tests.factor
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ link-no-follow? off
 
 [ "<p><a href=\"a\">a</a> <a href=\"b\">c</a></p>" ] [ "[[a]] [[b|c]]" convert-farkup ] unit-test
 
-[ "<p><a href=\"C%2b%2b\">C++</a></p>" ] [ "[[C++]]" convert-farkup ] unit-test
+[ "<p><a href=\"C%2B%2B\">C++</a></p>" ] [ "[[C++]]" convert-farkup ] unit-test
 
 [ "<p>&lt;foo&gt;</p>" ] [ "<foo>" convert-farkup ] unit-test
 
diff --git a/basis/http/client/client-tests.factor b/basis/http/client/client-tests.factor
index 4f786cb22c..c391b417a9 100644
--- a/basis/http/client/client-tests.factor
+++ b/basis/http/client/client-tests.factor
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ namespaces urls ;
         { version "1.1" }
         { cookies V{ } }
         { header H{ { "connection" "close" } { "user-agent" "Factor http.client" } } }
+        { redirects 10 }
     }
 ] [
     "http://www.apple.com/index.html"
@@ -29,6 +30,7 @@ namespaces urls ;
         { version "1.1" }
         { cookies V{ } }
         { header H{ { "connection" "close" } { "user-agent" "Factor http.client" } } }
+        { redirects 10 }
     }
 ] [
     "https://www.amazon.com/index.html"
diff --git a/basis/http/client/client.factor b/basis/http/client/client.factor
index 2f6bcfafe9..016e347e89 100644
--- a/basis/http/client/client.factor
+++ b/basis/http/client/client.factor
@@ -12,8 +12,6 @@ IN: http.client
 
 ERROR: too-many-redirects ;
 
-CONSTANT: max-redirects 10
-
 <PRIVATE
 
 : write-request-line ( request -- request )
@@ -79,7 +77,7 @@ SYMBOL: redirects
 
 :: do-redirect ( quot: ( chunk -- ) response -- response )
     redirects inc
-    redirects get max-redirects < [
+    redirects get request get redirects>> < [
         request get clone
         response "location" header redirect-url
         response code>> 307 = [ "GET" >>method ] unless
@@ -116,7 +114,8 @@ SYMBOL: redirects
                 with-output-stream*
             ] [
                 in>> [
-                    read-response dup redirect? [ t ] [
+                    read-response dup redirect?
+                    request get redirects>> 0 > and [ t ] [
                         [ nip response set ]
                         [ read-response-body ]
                         [ ]
diff --git a/basis/http/client/debugger/debugger.factor b/basis/http/client/debugger/debugger.factor
index 413ae7bd85..3688f38193 100644
--- a/basis/http/client/debugger/debugger.factor
+++ b/basis/http/client/debugger/debugger.factor
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 ! Copyright (C) 2008 Slava Pestov.
 ! See http://factorcode.org/license.txt for BSD license.
 USING: kernel summary debugger io make math.parser
-prettyprint http.client accessors ;
+prettyprint http http.client accessors ;
 IN: http.client.debugger
 
 M: too-many-redirects summary
diff --git a/basis/http/http-docs.factor b/basis/http/http-docs.factor
index 210066176f..e7ff38ac42 100644
--- a/basis/http/http-docs.factor
+++ b/basis/http/http-docs.factor
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ $nl
     { { $slot "header" } { "An assoc of HTTP header values. See " { $link "http.headers" } } }
     { { $slot "post-data" } { "See " { $link "http.post-data" } } }
     { { $slot "cookies" } { "A sequence of HTTP cookies. See " { $link "http.cookies" } } }
+    { { $slot "redirects" } { "Number of redirects to attempt before throwing an error. Default is " { $snippet "max-redirects" } " ." } }
 } } ;
 
 HELP: <response>
diff --git a/basis/http/http-tests.factor b/basis/http/http-tests.factor
index f11aa9eaa2..3fe5e84abd 100644
--- a/basis/http/http-tests.factor
+++ b/basis/http/http-tests.factor
@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@ blah
         { header H{ { "some-header" "1; 2" } { "content-length" "4" } { "content-type" "application/octet-stream" } } }
         { post-data T{ post-data { data "blah" } { content-type "application/octet-stream" } } }
         { cookies V{ } }
+        { redirects 10 }
     }
 ] [
     read-request-test-1 lf>crlf [
@@ -70,6 +71,7 @@ Host: www.sex.com
         { version "1.1" }
         { header H{ { "host" "www.sex.com" } } }
         { cookies V{ } }
+        { redirects 10 }
     }
 ] [
     read-request-test-2 lf>crlf [
diff --git a/basis/http/http.factor b/basis/http/http.factor
index 2b68edfb8e..4c32954eee 100755
--- a/basis/http/http.factor
+++ b/basis/http/http.factor
@@ -10,6 +10,8 @@ http.parsers
 base64 ;
 IN: http
 
+CONSTANT: max-redirects 10
+
 : (read-header) ( -- alist )
     [ read-crlf dup f like ] [ parse-header-line ] produce nip ;
 
@@ -137,7 +139,8 @@ url
 version
 header
 post-data
-cookies ;
+cookies
+redirects ;
 
 : set-header ( request/response value key -- request/response )
     pick header>> set-at ;
@@ -154,7 +157,8 @@ cookies ;
         H{ } clone >>header
         V{ } clone >>cookies
         "close" "connection" set-header
-        "Factor http.client" "user-agent" set-header ;
+        "Factor http.client" "user-agent" set-header
+        max-redirects >>redirects ;
 
 : header ( request/response key -- value )
     swap header>> at ;
diff --git a/basis/io/launcher/launcher.factor b/basis/io/launcher/launcher.factor
index f4978672d9..34325780c0 100755
--- a/basis/io/launcher/launcher.factor
+++ b/basis/io/launcher/launcher.factor
@@ -280,5 +280,3 @@ M: output-process-error error.
     { [ os winnt? ] [ "io.launcher.windows.nt" require ] }
     [ ]
 } cond
-
-: run-desc ( desc -- result ) ascii <process-reader> f swap stream-read-until drop ;
diff --git a/basis/urls/encoding/encoding.factor b/basis/urls/encoding/encoding.factor
index a5f5d62bfc..8e11dec431 100644
--- a/basis/urls/encoding/encoding.factor
+++ b/basis/urls/encoding/encoding.factor
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ IN: urls.encoding
 
 : push-utf8 ( ch -- )
     1string utf8 encode
-    [ CHAR: % , >hex 2 CHAR: 0 pad-head % ] each ;
+    [ CHAR: % , >hex >upper 2 CHAR: 0 pad-head % ] each ;
 
 PRIVATE>
 
diff --git a/core/alien/alien-tests.factor b/core/alien/alien-tests.factor
index d3265f31bb..2d2cec168f 100644
--- a/core/alien/alien-tests.factor
+++ b/core/alien/alien-tests.factor
@@ -71,10 +71,6 @@ cell 8 = [
 
 [ "( displaced alien )" ] [ 0 B{ 1 2 3 } <displaced-alien> unparse ] unit-test
 
-[ f ] [ DLL" fadfasdfsada" dll-valid? ] unit-test
-
-[ f ] [ "does not exist" DLL" fadsfasfdsaf" dlsym ] unit-test
-
 SYMBOL: initialize-test
 
 f initialize-test set-global
diff --git a/extra/bson/reader/reader.factor b/extra/bson/reader/reader.factor
index 7e218fa79c..e6ae0060b6 100644
--- a/extra/bson/reader/reader.factor
+++ b/extra/bson/reader/reader.factor
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
-USING: accessors assocs bson.constants byte-arrays byte-vectors fry io
-io.binary io.encodings.string io.encodings.utf8 kernel math namespaces
-sequences serialize arrays calendar io.encodings ;
+USING: accessors assocs bson.constants calendar fry io io.binary
+io.encodings io.encodings.utf8 kernel math math.bitwise namespaces
+sequences serialize ;
 
 FROM: kernel.private => declare ;
 FROM: io.encodings.private => (read-until) ;
@@ -44,20 +44,17 @@ GENERIC: element-read ( type -- cont? )
 GENERIC: element-data-read ( type -- object )
 GENERIC: element-binary-read ( length type -- object )
 
-: byte-array>number ( seq -- number )
-    byte-array>bignum >integer ; inline
-
 : get-state ( -- state )
     state get ; inline
 
 : read-int32 ( -- int32 )
-    4 read byte-array>number ; inline
+    4 read signed-le> ; inline
 
 : read-longlong ( -- longlong )
-    8 read byte-array>number ; inline
+    8 read signed-le> ; inline
 
 : read-double ( -- double )
-    8 read byte-array>number bits>double ; inline
+    8 read le> bits>double ; inline
 
 : read-byte-raw ( -- byte-raw )
     1 read ; inline
diff --git a/extra/bson/writer/writer.factor b/extra/bson/writer/writer.factor
index 5d850929ab..f9bd0eb392 100644
--- a/extra/bson/writer/writer.factor
+++ b/extra/bson/writer/writer.factor
@@ -75,24 +75,23 @@ M: byte-array bson-type? ( byte-array -- type ) drop T_Binary ;
 
 : write-utf8-string ( string -- ) output-stream get '[ _ swap char>utf8 ] each ; inline
 
-: write-byte ( byte -- ) CHAR-SIZE >le write ; inline
 : write-int32 ( int -- ) INT32-SIZE >le write ; inline
 : write-double ( real -- ) double>bits INT64-SIZE >le write ; inline
-: write-cstring ( string -- ) write-utf8-string 0 write-byte ; inline
+: write-cstring ( string -- ) write-utf8-string 0 write1 ; inline
 : write-longlong ( object -- ) INT64-SIZE >le write ; inline
 
-: write-eoo ( -- ) T_EOO write-byte ; inline
-: write-type ( obj -- obj ) [ bson-type? write-byte ] keep ; inline
+: write-eoo ( -- ) T_EOO write1 ; inline
+: write-type ( obj -- obj ) [ bson-type? write1 ] keep ; inline
 : write-pair ( name object -- ) write-type [ write-cstring ] dip bson-write ; inline
 
 M: string bson-write ( obj -- )
     '[ _ write-cstring ] with-length-prefix-excl ;
 
 M: f bson-write ( f -- )
-    drop 0 write-byte ; 
+    drop 0 write1 ; 
 
 M: t bson-write ( t -- )
-    drop 1 write-byte ;
+    drop 1 write1 ;
 
 M: integer bson-write ( num -- )
     write-int32 ;
@@ -105,7 +104,7 @@ M: timestamp bson-write ( timestamp -- )
 
 M: byte-array bson-write ( binary -- )
     [ length write-int32 ] keep
-    T_Binary_Bytes write-byte
+    T_Binary_Bytes write1
     write ; 
 
 M: oid bson-write ( oid -- )
@@ -134,7 +133,7 @@ M: assoc bson-write ( assoc -- )
 
 : (serialize-code) ( code -- )
     object>bytes [ length write-int32 ] keep
-    T_Binary_Custom write-byte
+    T_Binary_Custom write1
     write ;
 
 M: quotation bson-write ( quotation -- )
diff --git a/extra/central/authors.txt b/extra/central/authors.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5645cd91bd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/extra/central/authors.txt
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Matthew Willis
diff --git a/extra/central/central-docs.factor b/extra/central/central-docs.factor
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..458f528c53
--- /dev/null
+++ b/extra/central/central-docs.factor
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+USING: central destructors help.markup help.syntax ;
+
+HELP: CENTRAL:
+{ $description
+    "This parsing word defines a pair of words useful for "
+    "implementing the \"central\" pattern: " { $snippet "symbol" } " and "
+    { $snippet "with-symbol" } ".  This is a middle ground between excessive "
+    "stack manipulation and full-out locals, meant to solve the case where "
+    "one object is operated on by several related words."
+} ;
+
+HELP: DISPOSABLE-CENTRAL:
+{ $description
+    "Like " { $link POSTPONE: CENTRAL: } ", but generates " { $snippet "with-" }
+    " words that are wrapped in a " { $link with-disposal } "."
+} ;
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/extra/central/central-tests.factor b/extra/central/central-tests.factor
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3dbcbf32fc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/extra/central/central-tests.factor
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+USING: accessors central destructors kernel math tools.test ;
+
+IN: scratchpad
+
+CENTRAL: test-central
+
+[ 3 ] [ 3 [ test-central ] with-test-central ] unit-test
+
+TUPLE: test-disp-cent value disposed ;
+
+! A phony destructor that adds 1 to the value so we can make sure it got called.
+M: test-disp-cent dispose* dup value>> 1+ >>value drop ;
+
+DISPOSABLE-CENTRAL: t-d-c
+
+: test-t-d-c ( -- n )
+    test-disp-cent new 3 >>value [ t-d-c ] with-t-d-c value>> ;
+
+[ 4 ] [ test-t-d-c ] unit-test
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/extra/central/central.factor b/extra/central/central.factor
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f7175141dd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/extra/central/central.factor
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+USING: destructors kernel lexer namespaces parser sequences words ;
+
+IN: central
+
+: define-central-getter ( word -- )
+    dup [ get ] curry (( -- obj )) define-declared ;
+
+: define-centrals ( str -- getter setter )
+    [ create-in dup define-central-getter ]
+    [ "with-" prepend create-in dup make-inline ] bi ;
+
+: central-setter-def ( word with-word -- with-word quot )
+    [ with-variable ] with ;
+
+: disposable-setter-def ( word with-word -- with-word quot )
+    [ pick [ drop with-variable ] with-disposal ] with ;
+
+: declare-central ( with-word quot -- ) (( object quot -- )) define-declared ;
+
+: define-central ( word-name -- )
+    define-centrals central-setter-def declare-central ;
+
+: define-disposable-central ( word-name -- )
+    define-centrals disposable-setter-def declare-central ;
+
+SYNTAX: CENTRAL: ( -- ) scan define-central ;
+
+SYNTAX: DISPOSABLE-CENTRAL: ( -- ) scan define-disposable-central ;
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/extra/central/tags.txt b/extra/central/tags.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f4274299b1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/extra/central/tags.txt
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+extensions
diff --git a/extra/contributors/contributors.factor b/extra/contributors/contributors.factor
index 73bee76c0a..97f4edc521 100755
--- a/extra/contributors/contributors.factor
+++ b/extra/contributors/contributors.factor
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ IN: contributors
 
 : changelog ( -- authors )
     image parent-directory [
-        "git log --pretty=format:%an" ascii <process-reader> stream-lines
+        "git log --no-merges --pretty=format:%an" ascii <process-reader> stream-lines
     ] with-directory ;
 
 : patch-counts ( authors -- assoc )
diff --git a/extra/html/elements/elements.factor b/extra/html/elements/elements.factor
index 85df4f7b27..119662348f 100644
--- a/extra/html/elements/elements.factor
+++ b/extra/html/elements/elements.factor
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ SYMBOL: html
 [
     "h1" "h2" "h3" "h4" "h5" "h6" "h7" "h8" "h9"
     "ol" "li" "form" "a" "p" "html" "head" "body" "title"
-    "b" "i" "ul" "table" "tbody" "tr" "td" "th" "pre" "textarea"
+    "b" "i" "ul" "table" "thead" "tfoot" "tbody" "tr" "td" "th" "pre" "textarea"
     "script" "div" "span" "select" "option" "style" "input"
     "strong"
 ] [ define-closed-html-word ] each
diff --git a/extra/llvm/authors.txt b/extra/llvm/authors.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5645cd91bd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/extra/llvm/authors.txt
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Matthew Willis
diff --git a/extra/llvm/core/core.factor b/extra/llvm/core/core.factor
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..00a395d3b2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/extra/llvm/core/core.factor
@@ -0,0 +1,418 @@
+! Copyright (C) 2009 Matthew Willis.
+! See http://factorcode.org/license.txt for BSD license.
+USING: alien.libraries alien.syntax ;
+
+IN: llvm.core
+
+<<
+
+"LLVMSystem" "/usr/local/lib/libLLVMSystem.dylib" "cdecl" add-library
+
+"LLVMSupport" "/usr/local/lib/libLLVMSupport.dylib" "cdecl" add-library
+
+"LLVMCore" "/usr/local/lib/libLLVMCore.dylib" "cdecl" add-library
+
+"LLVMBitReader" "/usr/local/lib/libLLVMBitReader.dylib" "cdecl" add-library
+
+>>
+
+! llvm-c/Core.h
+
+LIBRARY: LLVMCore
+
+TYPEDEF: uint unsigned
+TYPEDEF: unsigned enum
+
+CONSTANT: LLVMZExtAttribute         BIN: 1
+CONSTANT: LLVMSExtAttribute         BIN: 10
+CONSTANT: LLVMNoReturnAttribute     BIN: 100
+CONSTANT: LLVMInRegAttribute        BIN: 1000
+CONSTANT: LLVMStructRetAttribute    BIN: 10000
+CONSTANT: LLVMNoUnwindAttribute     BIN: 100000
+CONSTANT: LLVMNoAliasAttribute      BIN: 1000000
+CONSTANT: LLVMByValAttribute        BIN: 10000000
+CONSTANT: LLVMNestAttribute         BIN: 100000000
+CONSTANT: LLVMReadNoneAttribute     BIN: 1000000000
+CONSTANT: LLVMReadOnlyAttribute     BIN: 10000000000
+TYPEDEF: enum LLVMAttribute;
+
+C-ENUM:
+  LLVMVoidTypeKind
+  LLVMFloatTypeKind
+  LLVMDoubleTypeKind
+  LLVMX86_FP80TypeKind
+  LLVMFP128TypeKind
+  LLVMPPC_FP128TypeKind
+  LLVMLabelTypeKind
+  LLVMMetadataTypeKind
+  LLVMIntegerTypeKind
+  LLVMFunctionTypeKind
+  LLVMStructTypeKind
+  LLVMArrayTypeKind
+  LLVMPointerTypeKind
+  LLVMOpaqueTypeKind
+  LLVMVectorTypeKind ;
+TYPEDEF: enum LLVMTypeKind
+
+C-ENUM:
+  LLVMExternalLinkage
+  LLVMLinkOnceLinkage
+  LLVMWeakLinkage
+  LLVMAppendingLinkage
+  LLVMInternalLinkage
+  LLVMDLLImportLinkage
+  LLVMDLLExportLinkage
+  LLVMExternalWeakLinkage
+  LLVMGhostLinkage ;
+TYPEDEF: enum LLVMLinkage
+
+C-ENUM:
+  LLVMDefaultVisibility
+  LLVMHiddenVisibility
+  LLVMProtectedVisibility ;
+TYPEDEF: enum LLVMVisibility
+
+CONSTANT: LLVMCCallConv             0
+CONSTANT: LLVMFastCallConv          8
+CONSTANT: LLVMColdCallConv          9
+CONSTANT: LLVMX86StdcallCallConv    64
+CONSTANT: LLVMX86FastcallCallConv   65
+TYPEDEF: enum LLVMCallConv
+
+CONSTANT: LLVMIntEQ                 32
+CONSTANT: LLVMIntNE                 33
+CONSTANT: LLVMIntUGT                34
+CONSTANT: LLVMIntUGE                35
+CONSTANT: LLVMIntULT                36
+CONSTANT: LLVMIntULE                37
+CONSTANT: LLVMIntSGT                38
+CONSTANT: LLVMIntSGE                39
+CONSTANT: LLVMIntSLT                40
+CONSTANT: LLVMIntSLE                41
+TYPEDEF: enum LLVMIntPredicate
+
+C-ENUM:
+  LLVMRealPredicateFalse
+  LLVMRealOEQ
+  LLVMRealOGT
+  LLVMRealOGE
+  LLVMRealOLT
+  LLVMRealOLE
+  LLVMRealONE
+  LLVMRealORD
+  LLVMRealUNO
+  LLVMRealUEQ
+  LLVMRealUGT
+  LLVMRealUGE
+  LLVMRealULT
+  LLVMRealULE
+  LLVMRealUNE
+  LLVMRealPredicateTrue ;
+TYPEDEF: enum LLVMRealPredicate
+
+! Opaque Types
+
+TYPEDEF: void* LLVMModuleRef
+
+TYPEDEF: void* LLVMPassManagerRef
+
+TYPEDEF: void* LLVMModuleProviderRef
+
+TYPEDEF: void* LLVMTypeRef
+
+TYPEDEF: void* LLVMTypeHandleRef
+
+TYPEDEF: void* LLVMValueRef
+
+TYPEDEF: void* LLVMBasicBlockRef
+
+TYPEDEF: void* LLVMBuilderRef
+
+TYPEDEF: void* LLVMMemoryBufferRef
+
+! Functions
+
+FUNCTION: void LLVMDisposeMessage ( char* Message ) ;
+
+FUNCTION: LLVMModuleRef LLVMModuleCreateWithName ( char* ModuleID ) ;
+
+FUNCTION: int LLVMAddTypeName ( LLVMModuleRef M, char* Name, LLVMTypeRef Ty ) ;
+
+FUNCTION: void LLVMDisposeModule ( LLVMModuleRef M ) ;
+
+FUNCTION: void LLVMDumpModule ( LLVMModuleRef M ) ;
+
+FUNCTION: LLVMModuleProviderRef
+LLVMCreateModuleProviderForExistingModule ( LLVMModuleRef M ) ;
+
+FUNCTION: void LLVMDisposeModuleProvider ( LLVMModuleProviderRef MP ) ;
+
+! Types
+
+! LLVM types conform to the following hierarchy:
+!  
+!    types:
+!      integer type
+!      real type
+!      function type
+!      sequence types:
+!        array type
+!        pointer type
+!        vector type
+!      void type
+!      label type
+!      opaque type
+
+! See llvm::LLVMTypeKind::getTypeID.
+FUNCTION: LLVMTypeKind LLVMGetTypeKind ( LLVMTypeRef Ty ) ;
+
+! Operations on integer types
+FUNCTION: LLVMTypeRef LLVMInt1Type ( ) ;
+FUNCTION: LLVMTypeRef LLVMInt8Type ( ) ;
+FUNCTION: LLVMTypeRef LLVMInt16Type ( ) ;
+FUNCTION: LLVMTypeRef LLVMInt32Type ( ) ;
+FUNCTION: LLVMTypeRef LLVMInt64Type ( ) ;
+FUNCTION: LLVMTypeRef LLVMIntType ( unsigned NumBits ) ;
+FUNCTION: unsigned LLVMGetIntTypeWidth ( LLVMTypeRef IntegerTy ) ;
+
+! Operations on real types
+FUNCTION: LLVMTypeRef LLVMFloatType ( ) ;
+FUNCTION: LLVMTypeRef LLVMDoubleType ( ) ;
+FUNCTION: LLVMTypeRef LLVMX86FP80Type ( ) ;
+FUNCTION: LLVMTypeRef LLVMFP128Type ( ) ;
+FUNCTION: LLVMTypeRef LLVMPPCFP128Type ( ) ;
+
+! Operations on function types
+FUNCTION: LLVMTypeRef
+LLVMFunctionType ( LLVMTypeRef ReturnType, LLVMTypeRef* ParamTypes, unsigned ParamCount, int IsVarArg ) ;
+FUNCTION: int LLVMIsFunctionVarArg ( LLVMTypeRef FunctionTy ) ;
+FUNCTION: LLVMTypeRef LLVMGetReturnType ( LLVMTypeRef FunctionTy ) ;
+FUNCTION: unsigned LLVMCountParamTypes ( LLVMTypeRef FunctionTy ) ;
+FUNCTION: void LLVMGetParamTypes ( LLVMTypeRef FunctionTy, LLVMTypeRef* Dest ) ;
+
+! Operations on struct types
+FUNCTION: LLVMTypeRef
+LLVMStructType ( LLVMTypeRef* ElementTypes, unsigned ElementCount, int Packed ) ;
+FUNCTION: unsigned LLVMCountStructElementTypes ( LLVMTypeRef StructTy ) ;
+FUNCTION: void LLVMGetStructElementTypes ( LLVMTypeRef StructTy, LLVMTypeRef* Dest ) ;
+FUNCTION: int LLVMIsPackedStruct ( LLVMTypeRef StructTy ) ;
+
+! Operations on array, pointer, and vector types (sequence types)
+FUNCTION: LLVMTypeRef LLVMArrayType ( LLVMTypeRef ElementType, unsigned ElementCount ) ;
+FUNCTION: LLVMTypeRef LLVMPointerType ( LLVMTypeRef ElementType, unsigned AddressSpace ) ;
+FUNCTION: LLVMTypeRef LLVMVectorType ( LLVMTypeRef ElementType, unsigned ElementCount ) ;
+
+FUNCTION: LLVMTypeRef LLVMGetElementType ( LLVMTypeRef Ty ) ;
+FUNCTION: unsigned LLVMGetArrayLength ( LLVMTypeRef ArrayTy ) ;
+FUNCTION: unsigned LLVMGetPointerAddressSpace ( LLVMTypeRef PointerTy ) ;
+FUNCTION: unsigned LLVMGetVectorSize ( LLVMTypeRef VectorTy ) ;
+
+! Operations on other types
+FUNCTION: LLVMTypeRef LLVMVoidType ( ) ;
+FUNCTION: LLVMTypeRef LLVMLabelType ( ) ;
+FUNCTION: LLVMTypeRef LLVMOpaqueType ( ) ;
+
+! Operations on type handles
+FUNCTION: LLVMTypeHandleRef LLVMCreateTypeHandle ( LLVMTypeRef PotentiallyAbstractTy ) ;
+FUNCTION: void LLVMRefineType ( LLVMTypeRef AbstractTy, LLVMTypeRef ConcreteTy ) ;
+FUNCTION: LLVMTypeRef LLVMResolveTypeHandle ( LLVMTypeHandleRef TypeHandle ) ;
+FUNCTION: void LLVMDisposeTypeHandle ( LLVMTypeHandleRef TypeHandle ) ;
+
+! Types end
+
+FUNCTION: unsigned LLVMCountParams ( LLVMValueRef Fn ) ;
+
+FUNCTION: void LLVMGetParams ( LLVMValueRef Fn, LLVMValueRef* Params ) ;
+
+FUNCTION: LLVMValueRef
+LLVMAddFunction ( LLVMModuleRef M, char* Name, LLVMTypeRef FunctionTy ) ;
+
+FUNCTION: LLVMValueRef LLVMGetFirstFunction ( LLVMModuleRef M ) ;
+
+FUNCTION: LLVMValueRef LLVMGetNextFunction ( LLVMValueRef Fn ) ;
+
+FUNCTION: unsigned LLVMGetFunctionCallConv ( LLVMValueRef Fn ) ;
+
+FUNCTION: void LLVMSetFunctionCallConv ( LLVMValueRef Fn, unsigned CC ) ;
+
+FUNCTION: LLVMBasicBlockRef
+LLVMAppendBasicBlock ( LLVMValueRef Fn, char* Name ) ;
+
+FUNCTION: LLVMValueRef LLVMGetBasicBlockParent ( LLVMBasicBlockRef BB ) ;
+
+! Values
+
+FUNCTION: LLVMTypeRef LLVMTypeOf ( LLVMValueRef Val ) ;
+FUNCTION: char* LLVMGetValueName ( LLVMValueRef Val ) ;
+FUNCTION: void LLVMSetValueName ( LLVMValueRef Val, char* Name ) ;
+FUNCTION: void LLVMDumpValue ( LLVMValueRef Val ) ;
+
+! Instruction Builders
+
+FUNCTION: LLVMBuilderRef LLVMCreateBuilder ( ) ;
+FUNCTION: void LLVMPositionBuilder
+( LLVMBuilderRef Builder, LLVMBasicBlockRef Block, LLVMValueRef Instr ) ;
+FUNCTION: void LLVMPositionBuilderBefore
+( LLVMBuilderRef Builder, LLVMValueRef Instr ) ;
+FUNCTION: void LLVMPositionBuilderAtEnd
+( LLVMBuilderRef Builder, LLVMBasicBlockRef Block ) ;
+FUNCTION: LLVMBasicBlockRef LLVMGetInsertBlock
+( LLVMBuilderRef Builder ) ;
+FUNCTION: void LLVMClearInsertionPosition
+( LLVMBuilderRef Builder ) ;
+FUNCTION: void LLVMInsertIntoBuilder
+( LLVMBuilderRef Builder, LLVMValueRef Instr ) ;
+FUNCTION: void LLVMDisposeBuilder
+( LLVMBuilderRef Builder ) ;
+
+! IB Terminators
+
+FUNCTION: LLVMValueRef LLVMBuildRetVoid
+( LLVMBuilderRef Builder ) ;
+FUNCTION: LLVMValueRef LLVMBuildRet
+( LLVMBuilderRef Builder, LLVMValueRef V ) ;
+FUNCTION: LLVMValueRef LLVMBuildBr
+( LLVMBuilderRef Builder, LLVMBasicBlockRef Dest ) ;
+FUNCTION: LLVMValueRef LLVMBuildCondBr
+( LLVMBuilderRef Builder, LLVMValueRef If, LLVMBasicBlockRef Then, LLVMBasicBlockRef Else ) ;
+FUNCTION: LLVMValueRef LLVMBuildSwitch
+( LLVMBuilderRef Builder, LLVMValueRef V, LLVMBasicBlockRef Else, unsigned NumCases ) ;
+FUNCTION: LLVMValueRef LLVMBuildInvoke
+( LLVMBuilderRef Builder, LLVMValueRef Fn, LLVMValueRef* Args, unsigned NumArgs,
+  LLVMBasicBlockRef Then, LLVMBasicBlockRef Catch, char* Name ) ;
+FUNCTION: LLVMValueRef LLVMBuildUnwind
+( LLVMBuilderRef Builder ) ;
+FUNCTION: LLVMValueRef LLVMBuildUnreachable
+( LLVMBuilderRef Builder ) ;
+
+! IB Add Case to Switch
+
+FUNCTION: void LLVMAddCase
+( LLVMValueRef Switch, LLVMValueRef OnVal, LLVMBasicBlockRef Dest ) ;
+
+! IB Arithmetic
+
+FUNCTION: LLVMValueRef LLVMBuildAdd
+( LLVMBuilderRef Builder, LLVMValueRef LHS, LLVMValueRef RHS, char* Name ) ;
+FUNCTION: LLVMValueRef LLVMBuildSub
+( LLVMBuilderRef Builder, LLVMValueRef LHS, LLVMValueRef RHS, char* Name ) ;
+FUNCTION: LLVMValueRef LLVMBuildMul
+( LLVMBuilderRef Builder, LLVMValueRef LHS, LLVMValueRef RHS, char* Name ) ;
+FUNCTION: LLVMValueRef LLVMBuildUDiv
+( LLVMBuilderRef Builder, LLVMValueRef LHS, LLVMValueRef RHS, char* Name ) ;
+FUNCTION: LLVMValueRef LLVMBuildSDiv
+( LLVMBuilderRef Builder, LLVMValueRef LHS, LLVMValueRef RHS, char* Name ) ;
+FUNCTION: LLVMValueRef LLVMBuildFDiv
+( LLVMBuilderRef Builder, LLVMValueRef LHS, LLVMValueRef RHS, char* Name ) ;
+FUNCTION: LLVMValueRef LLVMBuildURem
+( LLVMBuilderRef Builder, LLVMValueRef LHS, LLVMValueRef RHS, char* Name ) ;
+FUNCTION: LLVMValueRef LLVMBuildSRem
+( LLVMBuilderRef Builder, LLVMValueRef LHS, LLVMValueRef RHS, char* Name ) ;
+FUNCTION: LLVMValueRef LLVMBuildFRem
+( LLVMBuilderRef Builder, LLVMValueRef LHS, LLVMValueRef RHS, char* Name ) ;
+FUNCTION: LLVMValueRef LLVMBuildShl
+( LLVMBuilderRef Builder, LLVMValueRef LHS, LLVMValueRef RHS, char* Name ) ;
+FUNCTION: LLVMValueRef LLVMBuildLShr
+( LLVMBuilderRef Builder, LLVMValueRef LHS, LLVMValueRef RHS, char* Name ) ;
+FUNCTION: LLVMValueRef LLVMBuildAShr
+( LLVMBuilderRef Builder, LLVMValueRef LHS, LLVMValueRef RHS, char* Name ) ;
+FUNCTION: LLVMValueRef LLVMBuildAnd
+( LLVMBuilderRef Builder, LLVMValueRef LHS, LLVMValueRef RHS, char* Name ) ;
+FUNCTION: LLVMValueRef LLVMBuildOr
+( LLVMBuilderRef Builder, LLVMValueRef LHS, LLVMValueRef RHS, char* Name ) ;
+FUNCTION: LLVMValueRef LLVMBuildXor
+( LLVMBuilderRef Builder, LLVMValueRef LHS, LLVMValueRef RHS, char* Name ) ;
+FUNCTION: LLVMValueRef LLVMBuildNeg
+( LLVMBuilderRef Builder, LLVMValueRef V, char* Name ) ;
+FUNCTION: LLVMValueRef LLVMBuildNot
+( LLVMBuilderRef Builder, LLVMValueRef V, char* Name ) ;
+
+! IB Memory
+
+FUNCTION: LLVMValueRef LLVMBuildMalloc
+( LLVMBuilderRef Builder, LLVMTypeRef Ty, char* Name ) ;
+FUNCTION: LLVMValueRef LLVMBuildArrayMalloc
+( LLVMBuilderRef Builder, LLVMTypeRef Ty, LLVMValueRef Val, char* Name ) ;
+FUNCTION: LLVMValueRef LLVMBuildAlloca
+( LLVMBuilderRef Builder, LLVMTypeRef Ty, char* Name ) ;
+FUNCTION: LLVMValueRef LLVMBuildArrayAlloca
+( LLVMBuilderRef Builder, LLVMTypeRef Ty, LLVMValueRef Val, char* Name ) ;
+FUNCTION: LLVMValueRef LLVMBuildFree
+( LLVMBuilderRef Builder, LLVMValueRef PointerVal ) ;
+FUNCTION: LLVMValueRef LLVMBuildLoad
+( LLVMBuilderRef Builder, LLVMValueRef PointerVal, char* Name ) ;
+FUNCTION: LLVMValueRef LLVMBuildStore
+( LLVMBuilderRef Builder, LLVMValueRef Val, LLVMValueRef Ptr ) ;
+FUNCTION: LLVMValueRef LLVMBuildGEP
+( LLVMBuilderRef B, LLVMValueRef Pointer, LLVMValueRef* Indices,
+  unsigned NumIndices, char* Name ) ;
+
+! IB Casts
+
+FUNCTION: LLVMValueRef LLVMBuildTrunc
+( LLVMBuilderRef Builder, LLVMValueRef Val, LLVMTypeRef DestTy, char* Name ) ;
+FUNCTION: LLVMValueRef LLVMBuildZExt
+( LLVMBuilderRef Builder, LLVMValueRef Val, LLVMTypeRef DestTy, char* Name ) ;
+FUNCTION: LLVMValueRef LLVMBuildSExt
+( LLVMBuilderRef Builder, LLVMValueRef Val, LLVMTypeRef DestTy, char* Name ) ;
+FUNCTION: LLVMValueRef LLVMBuildFPToUI
+( LLVMBuilderRef Builder, LLVMValueRef Val, LLVMTypeRef DestTy, char* Name ) ;
+FUNCTION: LLVMValueRef LLVMBuildFPToSI
+( LLVMBuilderRef Builder, LLVMValueRef Val, LLVMTypeRef DestTy, char* Name ) ;
+FUNCTION: LLVMValueRef LLVMBuildUIToFP
+( LLVMBuilderRef Builder, LLVMValueRef Val, LLVMTypeRef DestTy, char* Name ) ;
+FUNCTION: LLVMValueRef LLVMBuildSIToFP
+( LLVMBuilderRef Builder, LLVMValueRef Val, LLVMTypeRef DestTy, char* Name ) ;
+FUNCTION: LLVMValueRef LLVMBuildFPTrunc
+( LLVMBuilderRef Builder, LLVMValueRef Val, LLVMTypeRef DestTy, char* Name ) ;
+FUNCTION: LLVMValueRef LLVMBuildFPExt
+( LLVMBuilderRef Builder, LLVMValueRef Val, LLVMTypeRef DestTy, char* Name ) ;
+FUNCTION: LLVMValueRef LLVMBuildPtrToInt
+( LLVMBuilderRef Builder, LLVMValueRef Val, LLVMTypeRef DestTy, char* Name ) ;
+FUNCTION: LLVMValueRef LLVMBuildIntToPtr
+( LLVMBuilderRef Builder, LLVMValueRef Val, LLVMTypeRef DestTy, char* Name ) ;
+FUNCTION: LLVMValueRef LLVMBuildBitCast
+( LLVMBuilderRef Builder, LLVMValueRef Val, LLVMTypeRef DestTy, char* Name ) ;
+
+! IB Comparisons
+
+FUNCTION: LLVMValueRef LLVMBuildICmp
+( LLVMBuilderRef Builder, LLVMIntPredicate Op, LLVMValueRef LHS, LLVMValueRef RHS, char* Name ) ;
+FUNCTION: LLVMValueRef LLVMBuildFCmp
+( LLVMBuilderRef Builder, LLVMRealPredicate Op, LLVMValueRef LHS, LLVMValueRef RHS, char* Name ) ;
+
+! IB Misc Instructions
+
+FUNCTION: LLVMValueRef LLVMBuildPhi
+( LLVMBuilderRef Builder, LLVMTypeRef Ty, char* Name ) ;
+FUNCTION: LLVMValueRef LLVMBuildCall
+( LLVMBuilderRef Builder, LLVMValueRef Fn, LLVMValueRef* Args, unsigned NumArgs, char* Name ) ;
+FUNCTION: LLVMValueRef LLVMBuildSelect
+( LLVMBuilderRef Builder, LLVMValueRef If, LLVMValueRef Then, LLVMValueRef Else, char* Name ) ;
+FUNCTION: LLVMValueRef LLVMBuildVAArg
+( LLVMBuilderRef Builder, LLVMValueRef List, LLVMTypeRef Ty, char* Name ) ;
+FUNCTION: LLVMValueRef LLVMBuildExtractElement
+( LLVMBuilderRef Builder, LLVMValueRef VecVal, LLVMValueRef Index, char* Name ) ;
+FUNCTION: LLVMValueRef LLVMBuildInsertElement
+( LLVMBuilderRef Builder, LLVMValueRef VecVal, LLVMValueRef EltVal, LLVMValueRef Index, char* Name ) ;
+FUNCTION: LLVMValueRef LLVMBuildShuffleVector
+( LLVMBuilderRef Builder, LLVMValueRef V1, LLVMValueRef V2, LLVMValueRef Mask, char* Name ) ;
+FUNCTION: LLVMValueRef LLVMBuildExtractValue
+( LLVMBuilderRef Builder, LLVMValueRef AggVal, unsigned Index, char* Name ) ;
+FUNCTION: LLVMValueRef LLVMBuildInsertValue
+( LLVMBuilderRef Builder, LLVMValueRef AggVal, LLVMValueRef EltVal, unsigned Index, char* Name ) ;
+
+! Memory Buffers/Bit Reader
+
+FUNCTION: int LLVMCreateMemoryBufferWithContentsOfFile
+( char* Path, LLVMMemoryBufferRef* OutMemBuf, char** OutMessage ) ;
+
+FUNCTION: void LLVMDisposeMemoryBuffer ( LLVMMemoryBufferRef MemBuf ) ;
+
+LIBRARY: LLVMBitReader
+
+FUNCTION: int LLVMParseBitcode
+( LLVMMemoryBufferRef MemBuf, LLVMModuleRef* OutModule, char** OutMessage ) ;
+ 
+FUNCTION: int LLVMGetBitcodeModuleProvider
+( LLVMMemoryBufferRef MemBuf, LLVMModuleProviderRef* OutMP, char** OutMessage ) ;
diff --git a/extra/llvm/engine/engine.factor b/extra/llvm/engine/engine.factor
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1fa7ef01d6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/extra/llvm/engine/engine.factor
@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+! Copyright (C) 2009 Matthew Willis.
+! See http://factorcode.org/license.txt for BSD license.
+USING: alien.libraries alien.syntax llvm.core ;
+IN: llvm.engine
+
+<<
+
+"LLVMExecutionEngine" "/usr/local/lib/libLLVMExecutionEngine.dylib" "cdecl" add-library
+
+"LLVMTarget" "/usr/local/lib/libLLVMTarget.dylib" "cdecl" add-library
+
+"LLVMAnalysis" "/usr/local/lib/libLLVMAnalysis.dylib" "cdecl" add-library
+
+"LLVMipa" "/usr/local/lib/libLLVMipa.dylib" "cdecl" add-library
+
+"LLVMTransformUtils" "/usr/local/lib/libLLVMTransformUtils.dylib" "cdecl" add-library
+
+"LLVMScalarOpts" "/usr/local/lib/libLLVMScalarOpts.dylib" "cdecl" add-library
+
+"LLVMCodeGen" "/usr/local/lib/libLLVMCodeGen.dylib" "cdecl" add-library
+
+"LLVMAsmPrinter" "/usr/local/lib/libLLVMAsmPrinter.dylib" "cdecl" add-library
+
+"LLVMSelectionDAG" "/usr/local/lib/libLLVMSelectionDAG.dylib" "cdecl" add-library
+
+"LLVMX86CodeGen" "/usr/local/lib/libLLVMX86CodeGen.dylib" "cdecl" add-library
+
+"LLVMJIT" "/usr/local/lib/libLLVMJIT.dylib" "cdecl" add-library
+
+"LLVMInterpreter.dylib" "/usr/local/lib/libLLVMInterpreter.dylib" "cdecl" add-library
+
+>>
+
+! llvm-c/ExecutionEngine.h
+
+LIBRARY: LLVMExecutionEngine
+
+TYPEDEF: void* LLVMGenericValueRef
+TYPEDEF: void* LLVMExecutionEngineRef
+
+FUNCTION: LLVMGenericValueRef LLVMCreateGenericValueOfInt
+( LLVMTypeRef Ty, ulonglong N, int IsSigned ) ;
+
+FUNCTION: ulonglong LLVMGenericValueToInt
+( LLVMGenericValueRef GenVal, int IsSigned ) ;
+
+FUNCTION: int LLVMCreateExecutionEngine
+( LLVMExecutionEngineRef *OutEE, LLVMModuleProviderRef MP, char** OutError ) ;
+
+FUNCTION: int LLVMCreateJITCompiler
+( LLVMExecutionEngineRef* OutJIT, LLVMModuleProviderRef MP, unsigned OptLevel, char** OutError ) ;
+
+FUNCTION: void LLVMDisposeExecutionEngine ( LLVMExecutionEngineRef EE ) ;
+
+FUNCTION: void LLVMFreeMachineCodeForFunction ( LLVMExecutionEngineRef EE, LLVMValueRef F ) ;
+
+FUNCTION: void LLVMAddModuleProvider ( LLVMExecutionEngineRef EE, LLVMModuleProviderRef MP ) ;
+
+FUNCTION: int LLVMRemoveModuleProvider
+( LLVMExecutionEngineRef EE, LLVMModuleProviderRef MP, LLVMModuleRef* OutMod, char** OutError ) ;
+
+FUNCTION: int LLVMFindFunction
+( LLVMExecutionEngineRef EE, char* Name, LLVMValueRef* OutFn ) ;
+
+FUNCTION: void* LLVMGetPointerToGlobal ( LLVMExecutionEngineRef EE, LLVMValueRef Global ) ;
+
+FUNCTION: LLVMGenericValueRef LLVMRunFunction
+( LLVMExecutionEngineRef EE, LLVMValueRef F, unsigned NumArgs, LLVMGenericValueRef* Args ) ;
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/extra/llvm/invoker/invoker-tests.factor b/extra/llvm/invoker/invoker-tests.factor
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9041c22f71
--- /dev/null
+++ b/extra/llvm/invoker/invoker-tests.factor
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+! Copyright (C) 2009 Matthew Willis.
+! See http://factorcode.org/license.txt for BSD license.
+USING: alien.llvm io.pathnames llvm.invoker llvm.reader tools.test ;
+
+[ 3 ] [
+    << "resource:extra/llvm/reader/add.bc" install-bc >> 1 2 add
+] unit-test
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/extra/llvm/invoker/invoker.factor b/extra/llvm/invoker/invoker.factor
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..bb1b06bcf3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/extra/llvm/invoker/invoker.factor
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+! Copyright (C) 2009 Matthew Willis.
+! See http://factorcode.org/license.txt for BSD license.
+USING: accessors alien arrays assocs compiler.units effects
+io.backend io.pathnames kernel llvm.core llvm.jit llvm.reader
+llvm.types make namespaces sequences specialized-arrays.alien
+vocabs words ;
+
+IN: llvm.invoker
+
+! get function name, ret type, param types and names
+
+! load module
+! iterate through functions in a module
+
+TUPLE: function name alien return params ;
+
+: params ( llvm-function -- param-list )
+    dup LLVMCountParams <void*-array>
+    [ LLVMGetParams ] keep >array
+    [ [ LLVMGetValueName ] [ LLVMTypeOf tref> ] bi 2array ] map ;
+
+: <function> ( LLVMValueRef -- function )
+    function new
+    over LLVMGetValueName >>name
+    over LLVMTypeOf tref> type>> return>> >>return
+    swap params >>params ;
+
+: (functions) ( llvm-function -- )
+    [ dup , LLVMGetNextFunction (functions) ] when* ;
+
+: functions ( llvm-module -- functions )
+    LLVMGetFirstFunction [ (functions) ] { } make [ <function> ] map ;
+
+: function-effect ( function -- effect )
+    [ params>> [ first ] map ] [ return>> void? 0 1 ? ] bi <effect> ;
+
+: install-function ( function -- )
+    dup name>> "alien.llvm" create-vocab drop
+    "alien.llvm" create swap
+    [
+        dup name>> function-pointer ,
+        dup return>> c-type ,
+        dup params>> [ second c-type ] map ,
+        "cdecl" , \ alien-indirect ,
+    ] [ ] make swap function-effect [ define-declared ] with-compilation-unit ;
+
+: install-module ( name -- )
+    thejit get mps>> at [
+        module>> functions [ install-function ] each
+    ] [ "no such module" throw ] if* ;
+
+: install-bc ( path -- )
+    [ normalize-path ] [ file-name ] bi
+    [ load-into-jit ] keep install-module ;
+    
+<< "alien.llvm" create-vocab drop >>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/extra/llvm/jit/jit-tests.factor b/extra/llvm/jit/jit-tests.factor
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5dc2b2c96f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/extra/llvm/jit/jit-tests.factor
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+! Copyright (C) 2009 Matthew Willis.
+! See http://factorcode.org/license.txt for BSD license.
+USING: destructors llvm.jit llvm.wrappers tools.test ;
+
+[ ] [ "test" <module> "test" add-module "test" remove-module ] unit-test
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/extra/llvm/jit/jit.factor b/extra/llvm/jit/jit.factor
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f58851fe6f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/extra/llvm/jit/jit.factor
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+! Copyright (C) 2009 Matthew Willis.
+! See http://factorcode.org/license.txt for BSD license.
+USING: accessors alien.c-types alien.syntax assocs destructors
+kernel llvm.core llvm.engine llvm.wrappers namespaces ;
+
+IN: llvm.jit
+
+SYMBOL: thejit
+
+TUPLE: jit ee mps ;
+
+: empty-engine ( -- engine )
+    "initial-module" <module> <provider> <engine> ;
+
+: <jit> ( -- jit )
+    jit new empty-engine >>ee H{ } clone >>mps ;
+
+: (remove-functions) ( function -- )
+    thejit get ee>> value>> over LLVMFreeMachineCodeForFunction
+    LLVMGetNextFunction dup ALIEN: 0 = [ drop ] [ (remove-functions) ] if ;
+
+: remove-functions ( module -- )
+    ! free machine code for each function in module
+    LLVMGetFirstFunction dup ALIEN: 0 = [ drop ] [ (remove-functions) ] if ;
+
+: remove-provider ( provider -- )
+    thejit get ee>> value>> swap value>> f <void*> f <void*>
+    [ LLVMRemoveModuleProvider drop ] 2keep *void* [ llvm-throw ] when*
+    *void* module new swap >>value
+    [ value>> remove-functions ] with-disposal ;
+
+: remove-module ( name -- )
+    dup thejit get mps>> at [
+        remove-provider
+        thejit get mps>> delete-at
+    ] [ drop ] if* ;
+
+: add-module ( module name -- )
+    [ <provider> ] dip [ remove-module ] keep
+    thejit get ee>> value>> pick
+    [ [ value>> LLVMAddModuleProvider ] [ t >>disposed drop ] bi ] with-disposal
+    thejit get mps>> set-at ;
+
+: function-pointer ( name -- alien )
+    thejit get ee>> value>> dup
+    rot f <void*> [ LLVMFindFunction drop ] keep
+    *void* LLVMGetPointerToGlobal ;
+
+thejit [ <jit> ] initialize
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/extra/llvm/reader/add.bc b/extra/llvm/reader/add.bc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c0ba738d25
Binary files /dev/null and b/extra/llvm/reader/add.bc differ
diff --git a/extra/llvm/reader/add.ll b/extra/llvm/reader/add.ll
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4ac57a2af3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/extra/llvm/reader/add.ll
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+define i32 @add(i32 %x, i32 %y) {
+entry:
+  %sum = add i32 %x, %y
+  ret i32 %sum
+}
diff --git a/extra/llvm/reader/reader.factor b/extra/llvm/reader/reader.factor
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8c324b41e4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/extra/llvm/reader/reader.factor
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+! Copyright (C) 2009 Matthew Willis.
+! See http://factorcode.org/license.txt for BSD license.
+USING: accessors alien.c-types alien.syntax destructors kernel
+llvm.core llvm.engine llvm.jit llvm.wrappers ;
+
+IN: llvm.reader
+
+: buffer>module ( buffer -- module )
+    [
+        value>> f <void*> f <void*>
+        [ LLVMParseBitcode drop ] 2keep
+        *void* [ llvm-throw ] when* *void*
+        module new swap >>value
+    ] with-disposal ;
+
+: load-module ( path -- module )
+    <buffer> buffer>module ;
+
+: load-into-jit ( path name -- )
+    [ load-module ] dip add-module ;
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/extra/llvm/tags.txt b/extra/llvm/tags.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..bb863cf9a0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/extra/llvm/tags.txt
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+bindings
diff --git a/extra/llvm/types/types-tests.factor b/extra/llvm/types/types-tests.factor
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d715fe97df
--- /dev/null
+++ b/extra/llvm/types/types-tests.factor
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+! Copyright (C) 2009 Matthew Willis.
+! See http://factorcode.org/license.txt for BSD license.
+USING: kernel llvm.types sequences tools.test ;
+
+[ T{ integer f 32 }  ] [ " i32 " parse-type ] unit-test
+[ float ] [ " float " parse-type ] unit-test
+[ T{ pointer f f x86_fp80 } ] [ " x86_fp80 * " parse-type ] unit-test
+[ T{ vector f f 4 T{ integer f 32 } } ] [ " < 4 x i32 > " parse-type ] unit-test
+[ T{ struct f f { float double } f } ] [ TYPE: { float , double } ; ] unit-test
+[ T{ array f f 0 float } ] [ TYPE: [ 0 x float ] ; ] unit-test
+
+[ label void metadata ]
+[ [ " label " " void " " metadata " ] [ parse-type ] each ] unit-test
+
+[ T{ function f f float { float float } t } ]
+[ TYPE: float ( float , float , ... ) ; ] unit-test
+
+[ T{ struct f f { float TYPE: i32 (i32)* ; } t } ]
+[ TYPE: < { float, i32 (i32)* } > ; ] unit-test
+
+[ t ] [ TYPE: i32 ; TYPE: i32 ; [ >tref ] bi@ = ] unit-test
+[ t ] [ TYPE: i32 * ; TYPE: i32 * ; [ >tref ] bi@ = ] unit-test
+
+[ TYPE: i32 ; ] [ TYPE: i32 ; >tref tref> ] unit-test
+[ TYPE: float ; ] [ TYPE: float ; >tref tref> ] unit-test
+[ TYPE: double ; ] [ TYPE: double ; >tref tref> ] unit-test
+[ TYPE: x86_fp80 ; ] [ TYPE: x86_fp80 ; >tref tref> ] unit-test
+[ TYPE: fp128 ; ] [ TYPE: fp128 ; >tref tref> ] unit-test
+[ TYPE: ppc_fp128 ; ] [ TYPE: ppc_fp128 ; >tref tref> ] unit-test
+[ TYPE: opaque ; ] [ TYPE: opaque ; >tref tref> ] unit-test
+[ TYPE: label ; ] [ TYPE: label ; >tref tref> ] unit-test
+[ TYPE: void ; ] [ TYPE: void ; >tref tref> ] unit-test
+[ TYPE: i32* ; ] [ TYPE: i32* ; >tref tref> ] unit-test
+[ TYPE: < 2 x i32 > ; ] [ TYPE: < 2 x i32 > ; >tref tref> ] unit-test
+[ TYPE: [ 0 x i32 ] ; ] [ TYPE: [ 0 x i32 ] ; >tref tref> ] unit-test
+[ TYPE: { i32, i32 } ; ] [ TYPE: { i32, i32 } ; >tref tref> ] unit-test
+[ TYPE: < { i32, i32 } > ; ] [ TYPE: < { i32, i32 } > ; >tref tref> ] unit-test
+[ TYPE: i32 ( i32 ) ; ] [ TYPE: i32 ( i32 ) ; >tref tref> ] unit-test
+[ TYPE: \1* ; ] [ TYPE: \1* ; >tref tref> ] unit-test
+[ TYPE: { i32, \2* } ; ] [ TYPE: { i32, \2* } ; >tref tref> ] unit-test
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/extra/llvm/types/types.factor b/extra/llvm/types/types.factor
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a88c45c6cf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/extra/llvm/types/types.factor
@@ -0,0 +1,246 @@
+! Copyright (C) 2009 Matthew Willis.
+! See http://factorcode.org/license.txt for BSD license.
+USING: accessors arrays combinators kernel llvm.core
+locals math.parser math multiline
+namespaces parser peg.ebnf sequences
+sequences.deep specialized-arrays.alien strings vocabs words ;
+
+IN: llvm.types
+
+! Type resolution strategy:
+!  pass 1:
+!    create the type with uprefs mapped to opaque types
+!    cache typerefs in enclosing types for pass 2
+!    if our type is concrete, then we are done
+!
+!  pass 2:
+!    wrap our abstract type in a type handle
+!    create a second type, using the cached enclosing type info
+!    resolve the first type to the second
+!
+GENERIC: (>tref) ( type -- LLVMTypeRef )
+GENERIC: ((tref>)) ( LLVMTypeRef type -- type )
+GENERIC: c-type ( type -- str )
+
+! default implementation for simple types
+M: object ((tref>)) nip ;
+: unsupported-type ( -- )
+    "cannot generate c-type: unsupported llvm type" throw ;
+M: object c-type unsupported-type ;
+
+TUPLE: integer size ;
+C: <integer> integer
+
+M: integer (>tref) size>> LLVMIntType ;
+M: integer ((tref>)) swap LLVMGetIntTypeWidth >>size ;
+M: integer c-type size>> {
+    { 64 [ "longlong" ] }
+    { 32 [ "int" ] }
+    { 16 [ "short" ] }
+    { 8  [ "char" ] }
+    [ unsupported-type ]
+} case ;
+
+SINGLETONS: float double x86_fp80 fp128 ppc_fp128 ;
+
+M: float (>tref) drop LLVMFloatType ;
+M: double (>tref) drop LLVMDoubleType ;
+M: double c-type drop "double" ;
+M: x86_fp80 (>tref) drop LLVMX86FP80Type ;
+M: fp128 (>tref) drop LLVMFP128Type ;
+M: ppc_fp128 (>tref) drop LLVMPPCFP128Type ;
+
+SINGLETONS: opaque label void metadata ;
+
+M: opaque (>tref) drop LLVMOpaqueType ;
+M: label (>tref) drop LLVMLabelType ;
+M: void (>tref) drop LLVMVoidType ;
+M: void c-type drop "void" ;
+M: metadata (>tref) drop
+    "metadata types unsupported by llvm c bindings" throw ;
+
+! enclosing types cache their llvm refs during
+! the first pass, used in the second pass to
+! resolve uprefs
+TUPLE: enclosing cached ;
+
+GENERIC: clean ( type -- )
+GENERIC: clean* ( type -- )
+M: object clean drop ;
+M: enclosing clean f >>cached clean* ;
+
+! builds the stack of types that uprefs need to refer to
+SYMBOL: types
+:: push-type ( type quot: ( type -- LLVMTypeRef ) -- LLVMTypeRef )
+    type types get push
+    type quot call( type -- LLVMTypeRef )
+    types get pop over >>cached drop ;
+
+DEFER: <up-ref>
+:: push-ref ( ref quot: ( LLVMTypeRef -- type ) -- type )
+    ref types get index
+    [ types get length swap - <up-ref> ] [
+        ref types get push
+        ref quot call( LLVMTypeRef -- type )
+        types get pop drop
+    ] if* ;   
+
+GENERIC: (>tref)* ( type -- LLVMTypeRef )
+M: enclosing (>tref) [ (>tref)* ] push-type ;
+
+DEFER: type-kind
+GENERIC: (tref>)* ( LLVMTypeRef type -- type )
+M: enclosing ((tref>)) [ (tref>)* ] curry push-ref ;
+
+: (tref>) ( LLVMTypeRef -- type ) dup type-kind ((tref>)) ;
+
+TUPLE: pointer < enclosing type ;
+: <pointer> ( t -- o ) pointer new swap >>type ;
+
+M: pointer (>tref)* type>> (>tref) 0 LLVMPointerType ;
+M: pointer clean* type>> clean ;
+M: pointer (tref>)* swap LLVMGetElementType (tref>) >>type ;
+M: pointer c-type type>> 8 <integer> = "char*" "void*" ? ;
+
+TUPLE: vector < enclosing size type ;
+: <vector> ( s t -- o )
+    vector new
+    swap >>type swap >>size ;
+
+M: vector (>tref)* [ type>> (>tref) ] [ size>> ] bi LLVMVectorType ;
+M: vector clean* type>> clean ;
+M: vector (tref>)*
+    over LLVMGetElementType (tref>) >>type
+    swap LLVMGetVectorSize >>size ;
+
+TUPLE: struct < enclosing types packed? ;
+: <struct> ( ts p? -- o )
+    struct new
+    swap >>packed? swap >>types ;
+
+M: struct (>tref)*
+    [ types>> [ (>tref) ] map >void*-array ]
+    [ types>> length ]
+    [ packed?>> 1 0 ? ] tri LLVMStructType ;
+M: struct clean* types>> [ clean ] each ;
+M: struct (tref>)*
+    over LLVMIsPackedStruct 0 = not >>packed?
+    swap dup LLVMCountStructElementTypes <void*-array>
+    [ LLVMGetStructElementTypes ] keep >array
+    [ (tref>) ] map >>types ;
+
+TUPLE: array < enclosing size type ;
+: <array> ( s t -- o )
+    array new
+    swap >>type swap >>size ;
+
+M: array (>tref)* [ type>> (>tref) ] [ size>> ] bi LLVMArrayType ;
+M: array clean* type>> clean ;
+M: array (tref>)*
+    over LLVMGetElementType (tref>) >>type
+    swap LLVMGetArrayLength >>size ;
+
+SYMBOL: ...
+TUPLE: function < enclosing return params vararg? ;
+: <function> ( ret params var? -- o )
+    function new
+    swap >>vararg? swap >>params swap >>return ;
+
+M: function (>tref)* {
+    [ return>> (>tref) ]
+    [ params>> [ (>tref) ] map >void*-array ]
+    [ params>> length ]
+    [ vararg?>> 1 0 ? ]
+} cleave LLVMFunctionType ;
+M: function clean* [ return>> clean ] [ params>> [ clean ] each ] bi ;
+M: function (tref>)*
+    over LLVMIsFunctionVarArg 0 = not >>vararg?
+    over LLVMGetReturnType (tref>) >>return
+    swap dup LLVMCountParamTypes <void*-array>
+    [ LLVMGetParamTypes ] keep >array
+    [ (tref>) ] map >>params ;
+
+: type-kind ( LLVMTypeRef -- class )
+    LLVMGetTypeKind {
+        { LLVMVoidTypeKind [ void ] }
+        { LLVMFloatTypeKind [ float ] }
+        { LLVMDoubleTypeKind [ double ] }
+        { LLVMX86_FP80TypeKind [ x86_fp80 ] }
+        { LLVMFP128TypeKind [ fp128 ] }
+        { LLVMPPC_FP128TypeKind [ ppc_fp128 ] }
+        { LLVMLabelTypeKind [ label ] }
+        { LLVMIntegerTypeKind [ integer new ] }
+        { LLVMFunctionTypeKind [ function new ] }
+        { LLVMStructTypeKind [ struct new ] }
+        { LLVMArrayTypeKind [ array new ] }
+        { LLVMPointerTypeKind [ pointer new ] }
+        { LLVMOpaqueTypeKind [ opaque ] }
+        { LLVMVectorTypeKind [ vector new ] }
+   } case ;
+
+TUPLE: up-ref height ;
+C: <up-ref> up-ref
+
+M: up-ref (>tref)
+    types get length swap height>> - types get nth
+    cached>> [ LLVMOpaqueType ] unless* ;
+
+: resolve-types ( typeref typeref -- typeref )
+    over LLVMCreateTypeHandle [ LLVMRefineType ] dip
+    [ LLVMResolveTypeHandle ] keep LLVMDisposeTypeHandle ;
+
+: >tref-caching ( type -- LLVMTypeRef )
+    V{ } clone types [ (>tref) ] with-variable ;
+
+: >tref ( type -- LLVMTypeRef )
+    [ >tref-caching ] [ >tref-caching ] [ clean ] tri
+    2dup = [ drop ] [ resolve-types ] if ;
+
+: tref> ( LLVMTypeRef -- type )
+    V{ } clone types [ (tref>) ] with-variable ;
+
+: t. ( type -- )
+    >tref
+    "type-info" LLVMModuleCreateWithName
+    [ "t" rot LLVMAddTypeName drop ]
+    [ LLVMDumpModule ]
+    [ LLVMDisposeModule ] tri ;
+
+EBNF: parse-type
+
+WhiteSpace = " "*
+
+Zero = "0" => [[ drop 0 ]]
+LeadingDigit = [1-9]
+DecimalDigit = [0-9]
+Number = LeadingDigit:d (DecimalDigit)*:ds => [[ ds d prefix string>number ]]
+WhiteNumberSpace = WhiteSpace Number:n WhiteSpace => [[ n ]]
+WhiteZeroSpace = WhiteSpace (Zero | Number):n WhiteSpace => [[ n ]]
+
+Integer = "i" Number:n => [[ n <integer> ]]
+FloatingPoint = ( "float" | "double" | "x86_fp80" | "fp128" | "ppc_fp128" ) => [[ "llvm.types" vocab lookup ]]
+LabelVoidMetadata = ( "label" | "void" | "metadata" | "opaque" ) => [[ "llvm.types" vocab lookup ]]
+Primitive = LabelVoidMetadata | FloatingPoint
+Pointer = T:t WhiteSpace "*" => [[ t <pointer> ]]
+Vector = "<" WhiteNumberSpace:n "x" Type:t ">" => [[ n t <vector> ]]
+StructureTypesList = "," Type:t => [[ t ]]
+Structure = "{" Type:t (StructureTypesList)*:ts "}" => [[ ts t prefix >array f <struct> ]]
+Array = "[" WhiteZeroSpace:n "x" Type:t "]" => [[ n t <array> ]]
+NoFunctionParams = "(" WhiteSpace ")" => [[ drop { } ]]
+VarArgs = WhiteSpace "..." WhiteSpace => [[ drop ... ]]
+ParamListContinued = "," (Type | VarArgs):t => [[ t ]]
+ParamList = "(" Type:t (ParamListContinued*):ts ")" => [[ ts t prefix ]]
+Function = T:t WhiteSpace ( ParamList | NoFunctionParams ):ts => [[ ... ts member? dup [ ... ts delete ] when t ts >array rot <function> ]]
+PackedStructure = "<" WhiteSpace "{" Type:ty (StructureTypesList)*:ts "}" WhiteSpace ">" => [[ ts ty prefix >array t <struct> ]]
+UpReference = "\\" Number:n => [[ n <up-ref> ]]
+Name = '%' ([a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z0-9]*):id => [[ id flatten >string ]]
+
+T = Pointer | Function | Primitive | Integer | Vector | Structure | PackedStructure | Array | UpReference | Name
+
+Type = WhiteSpace T:t WhiteSpace => [[ t ]]
+
+Program = Type
+
+;EBNF
+
+SYNTAX: TYPE: ";" parse-multiline-string parse-type parsed ; 
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/extra/llvm/wrappers/wrappers-tests.factor b/extra/llvm/wrappers/wrappers-tests.factor
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b9f3a7ad32
--- /dev/null
+++ b/extra/llvm/wrappers/wrappers-tests.factor
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+! Copyright (C) 2009 Matthew Willis.
+! See http://factorcode.org/license.txt for BSD license.
+USING: destructors kernel llvm.wrappers sequences tools.test vocabs ;
+
+[ ] [ "test" <module> dispose ] unit-test
+[ ] [ "test" <module> <provider> dispose ] unit-test
+[ ] [ "llvm.jit" vocabs member? [ "test" <module> <provider> <engine> dispose ] unless ] unit-test
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/extra/llvm/wrappers/wrappers.factor b/extra/llvm/wrappers/wrappers.factor
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a1d757e7e9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/extra/llvm/wrappers/wrappers.factor
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+! Copyright (C) 2009 Matthew Willis.
+! See http://factorcode.org/license.txt for BSD license.
+USING: accessors alien.c-types alien.strings
+io.encodings.utf8 destructors kernel
+llvm.core llvm.engine ;
+
+IN: llvm.wrappers
+
+: llvm-throw ( char* -- )
+    [ utf8 alien>string ] [ LLVMDisposeMessage ] bi throw ;
+
+: <dispose> ( alien class -- disposable ) new swap >>value ;
+
+TUPLE: module value disposed ;
+M: module dispose* value>> LLVMDisposeModule ;
+
+: <module> ( name -- module )
+    LLVMModuleCreateWithName module <dispose> ;
+
+TUPLE: provider value module disposed ;
+M: provider dispose* value>> LLVMDisposeModuleProvider ;
+
+: (provider) ( module -- provider )
+    [ value>> LLVMCreateModuleProviderForExistingModule provider <dispose> ]
+    [ t >>disposed value>> ] bi
+    >>module ;
+
+: <provider> ( module -- provider )
+    [ (provider) ] with-disposal ;
+
+TUPLE: engine value disposed ;
+M: engine dispose* value>> LLVMDisposeExecutionEngine ;
+
+: (engine) ( provider -- engine )
+    [
+        value>> f <void*> f <void*>
+        [ swapd 0 swap LLVMCreateJITCompiler drop ] 2keep
+        *void* [ llvm-throw ] when* *void*
+    ]
+    [ t >>disposed drop ] bi
+    engine <dispose> ;
+
+: <engine> ( provider -- engine )
+    [ (engine) ] with-disposal ;
+
+: (add-block) ( name -- basic-block )
+    "function" swap LLVMAppendBasicBlock ;
+
+TUPLE: builder value disposed ;
+M: builder dispose* value>> LLVMDisposeBuilder ;
+
+: <builder> ( name -- builder )
+    (add-block) LLVMCreateBuilder [ swap LLVMPositionBuilderAtEnd ] keep
+    builder <dispose> ;
+
+TUPLE: buffer value disposed ;
+M: buffer dispose* value>> LLVMDisposeMemoryBuffer ;
+
+: <buffer> ( path -- module )
+    f <void*> f <void*>
+    [ LLVMCreateMemoryBufferWithContentsOfFile drop ] 2keep
+    *void* [ llvm-throw ] when* *void* buffer <dispose> ;
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/extra/mongodb/benchmark/benchmark.factor b/extra/mongodb/benchmark/benchmark.factor
index 5204846d03..ad8c501605 100644
--- a/extra/mongodb/benchmark/benchmark.factor
+++ b/extra/mongodb/benchmark/benchmark.factor
@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ CONSTANT: DOC-LARGE H{ { "base_url" "http://www.example.com/test-me" }
     [ create-collection ] keep ; 
 
 : prepare-index ( collection -- )
-    "_x_idx" [ "x" asc ] key-spec <index-spec> unique-index ensure-index ; 
+    "_x_idx" [ "x" asc ] key-spec <index-spec> t >>unique? ensure-index ; 
 
 : insert ( doc-quot: ( i -- doc ) -- quot: ( -- ) )
     prepare-collection
diff --git a/extra/mongodb/connection/connection.factor b/extra/mongodb/connection/connection.factor
index 7477ee5486..45cced5b3b 100644
--- a/extra/mongodb/connection/connection.factor
+++ b/extra/mongodb/connection/connection.factor
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 USING: accessors assocs fry io.encodings.binary io.sockets kernel math
 math.parser mongodb.msg mongodb.operations namespaces destructors
-constructors sequences splitting checksums checksums.md5 formatting
+constructors sequences splitting checksums checksums.md5 
 io.streams.duplex io.encodings.utf8 io.encodings.string combinators.smart
 arrays hashtables sequences.deep vectors locals ;
 
@@ -39,16 +39,16 @@ CONSTRUCTOR: mdb-connection ( instance -- mdb-connection ) ;
     mdb-connection get instance>> ; inline
 
 : index-collection ( -- ns )
-    mdb-instance name>> "%s.system.indexes" sprintf ; inline
+    mdb-instance name>> "system.indexes" "." glue ; inline
 
 : namespaces-collection ( -- ns )
-    mdb-instance name>> "%s.system.namespaces" sprintf ; inline
+    mdb-instance name>> "system.namespaces" "." glue ; inline
 
 : cmd-collection ( -- ns )
-    mdb-instance name>> "%s.$cmd" sprintf ; inline
+    mdb-instance name>> "$cmd" "." glue ; inline
 
 : index-ns ( colname -- index-ns )
-    [ mdb-instance name>> ] dip "%s.%s" sprintf ; inline
+    [ mdb-instance name>> ] dip "." glue ; inline
 
 : send-message ( message -- )
     [ mdb-connection get handle>> ] dip '[ _ write-message ] with-stream* ;
diff --git a/extra/mongodb/driver/driver-docs.factor b/extra/mongodb/driver/driver-docs.factor
index 7dbf564df9..e8f726374c 100644
--- a/extra/mongodb/driver/driver-docs.factor
+++ b/extra/mongodb/driver/driver-docs.factor
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ HELP: ensure-index
     "\"db\" \"127.0.0.1\" 27017 <mdb>"
     "[ \"mycollection\" nameIdx [ \"name\" asc ] keyspec <index-spec> ensure-index ] with-db" "" }
   { $unchecked-example  "USING: mongodb.driver ;"
-    "\"db\" \"127.0.0.1\" 27017 <mdb>" "[ \"mycollection\" nameIdx [ \"name\" asc ] keyspec <index-spec> unique-index ensure-index ] with-db" "" } } ;
+    "\"db\" \"127.0.0.1\" 27017 <mdb>" "[ \"mycollection\" nameIdx [ \"name\" asc ] keyspec <index-spec> t >>unique? ensure-index ] with-db" "" } } ;
 
 HELP: explain.
 { $values
diff --git a/extra/mongodb/driver/driver.factor b/extra/mongodb/driver/driver.factor
index 967d4f11c5..92ad770e20 100644
--- a/extra/mongodb/driver/driver.factor
+++ b/extra/mongodb/driver/driver.factor
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
-USING: accessors assocs bson.constants bson.writer combinators combinators.smart
-constructors continuations destructors formatting fry io io.pools
-io.encodings.binary io.sockets io.streams.duplex kernel linked-assocs hashtables
-namespaces parser prettyprint sequences sets splitting strings uuid arrays
-math math.parser memoize mongodb.connection mongodb.msg mongodb.operations  ;
+USING: accessors arrays assocs bson.constants combinators
+combinators.smart constructors destructors formatting fry hashtables
+io io.pools io.sockets kernel linked-assocs math mongodb.connection
+mongodb.msg parser prettyprint sequences sets splitting strings
+tools.continuations uuid memoize locals ;
 
 IN: mongodb.driver
 
@@ -23,9 +23,6 @@ TUPLE: index-spec
 
 CONSTRUCTOR: index-spec ( ns name key -- index-spec ) ;
 
-: unique-index ( index-spec -- index-spec )
-    t >>unique? ;
-
 M: mdb-pool make-connection
     mdb>> mdb-open ;
 
@@ -83,6 +80,15 @@ M: mdb-getmore-msg verify-query-result
     [ make-cursor ] 2tri
     swap objects>> ;
 
+: make-collection-assoc ( collection assoc -- )
+    [ [ name>> "create" ] dip set-at ]
+    [ [ [ capped>> ] keep ] dip
+      '[ _ _
+         [ [ drop t "capped" ] dip set-at ]
+         [ [ size>> "size" ] dip set-at ]
+         [ [ max>> "max" ] dip set-at ] 2tri ] when
+    ] 2bi ; 
+
 PRIVATE>
 
 SYNTAX: r/ ( token -- mdbregexp )
@@ -100,23 +106,17 @@ SYNTAX: r/ ( token -- mdbregexp )
    H{ } clone [ set-at ] keep <mdb-db>
    [ verify-nodes ] keep ;
 
-GENERIC: create-collection ( name -- )
+GENERIC: create-collection ( name/collection -- )
 
 M: string create-collection
     <mdb-collection> create-collection ;
 
 M: mdb-collection create-collection
-    [ cmd-collection ] dip
-    <linked-hash> [
-        [ [ name>> "create" ] dip set-at ]
-        [ [ [ capped>> ] keep ] dip
-          '[ _ _
-             [ [ drop t "capped" ] dip set-at ]
-             [ [ size>> "size" ] dip set-at ]
-             [ [ max>> "max" ] dip set-at ] 2tri ] when
-        ] 2bi
-    ] keep <mdb-query-msg> 1 >>return# send-query-plain drop ;
-
+    [ [ cmd-collection ] dip
+      <linked-hash> [ make-collection-assoc ] keep
+      <mdb-query-msg> 1 >>return# send-query-plain drop ] keep
+      [ ] [ name>> ] bi mdb-instance collections>> set-at ;
+  
 : load-collection-list ( -- collection-list )
     namespaces-collection
     H{ } clone <mdb-query-msg> send-query-plain objects>> ;
@@ -125,27 +125,36 @@ M: mdb-collection create-collection
 
 : ensure-valid-collection-name ( collection -- )
     [ ";$." intersect length 0 > ] keep
-    '[ _ "%s contains invalid characters ( . $ ; )" sprintf throw ] when ; inline
+    '[ _ "contains invalid characters ( . $ ; )" "." glue throw ] when ; inline
 
-: (ensure-collection) ( collection --  )
-    mdb-instance collections>> dup keys length 0 = 
-    [ load-collection-list      
-      [ [ "options" ] dip key? ] filter
-      [ [ "name" ] dip at "." split second <mdb-collection> ] map
-      over '[ [ ] [ name>> ] bi _ set-at ] each ] [ ] if
-    [ dup ] dip key? [ drop ]
-    [ [ ensure-valid-collection-name ] keep create-collection ] if ; 
+: build-collection-map ( -- assoc )
+    H{ } clone load-collection-list      
+    [ [ "name" ] dip at "." split second <mdb-collection> ] map
+    over '[ [ ] [ name>> ] bi _ set-at ] each ;
 
+: ensure-collection-map ( mdb-instance -- assoc )
+    dup collections>> dup keys length 0 = 
+    [ drop build-collection-map [ >>collections drop ] keep ]
+    [ nip ] if ; 
+
+: (ensure-collection) ( collection mdb-instance -- collection )
+    ensure-collection-map [ dup ] dip key?
+    [ ] [ [ ensure-valid-collection-name ]
+          [ create-collection ]
+          [ ] tri ] if ; 
+      
 : reserved-namespace? ( name -- ? )
     [ "$cmd" = ] [ "system" head? ] bi or ;
 
 : check-collection ( collection -- fq-collection )
-    dup mdb-collection? [ name>> ] when
-    "." split1 over mdb-instance name>> =
-    [ nip ] [ drop ] if
-    [ ] [ reserved-namespace? ] bi
-    [ [ (ensure-collection) ] keep ] unless
-    [ mdb-instance name>> ] dip "%s.%s" sprintf ; 
+    [let* | instance [ mdb-instance ]
+            instance-name [ instance name>> ] |        
+        dup mdb-collection? [ name>> ] when
+        "." split1 over instance-name =
+        [ nip ] [ drop ] if
+        [ ] [ reserved-namespace? ] bi
+        [ instance (ensure-collection) ] unless
+        [ instance-name ] dip "." glue ] ; 
 
 : fix-query-collection ( mdb-query -- mdb-query )
     [ check-collection ] change-collection ; inline
diff --git a/extra/mongodb/tuple/collection/collection.factor b/extra/mongodb/tuple/collection/collection.factor
index 60b2d25764..6c2b89a571 100644
--- a/extra/mongodb/tuple/collection/collection.factor
+++ b/extra/mongodb/tuple/collection/collection.factor
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ GENERIC: mdb-index-map ( tuple -- sequence )
 : user-defined-key-index ( class -- assoc )
     mdb-slot-map user-defined-key
     [ drop [ "user-defined-key-index" 1 ] dip
-      H{ } clone [ set-at ] keep <tuple-index> unique-index
+      H{ } clone [ set-at ] keep <tuple-index> t >>unique?
       [ ] [ name>> ] bi  H{ } clone [ set-at ] keep
     ] [ 2drop H{ } clone ] if ;
 
diff --git a/misc/fuel/fuel-syntax.el b/misc/fuel/fuel-syntax.el
index 3fc16e7af6..a4559c5c5c 100644
--- a/misc/fuel/fuel-syntax.el
+++ b/misc/fuel/fuel-syntax.el
@@ -54,7 +54,8 @@
     "HELP:" "HEX:" "HOOK:"
     "IN:" "initial:" "INSTANCE:" "INTERSECTION:"
     "LIBRARY:"
-    "M:" "MACRO:" "MACRO::" "MAIN:" "MATH:" "MEMO:" "MEMO:" "METHOD:" "MIXIN:"
+    "M:" "M::" "MACRO:" "MACRO::" "MAIN:" "MATH:"
+    "MEMO:" "MEMO:" "METHOD:" "MIXIN:"
     "OCT:"
     "POSTPONE:" "PREDICATE:" "PRIMITIVE:" "PRIVATE>" "PROVIDE:"
     "QUALIFIED-WITH:" "QUALIFIED:"
@@ -83,7 +84,7 @@
   (format "%s +\\([^ \r\n]+\\)" (regexp-opt prefixes t)))
 
 (defconst fuel-syntax--method-definition-regex
-  "^M: +\\([^ ]+\\) +\\([^ ]+\\)")
+  "^M::? +\\([^ ]+\\) +\\([^ ]+\\)")
 
 (defconst fuel-syntax--integer-regex
   "\\_<-?[0-9]+\\_>")
@@ -154,7 +155,7 @@
                                            "C-ENUM" "C-STRUCT" "C-UNION"
                                            "FROM" "FUNCTION:"
                                            "INTERSECTION:"
-                                           "M" "MACRO" "MACRO:"
+                                           "M" "M:" "MACRO" "MACRO:"
                                            "MEMO" "MEMO:" "METHOD"
                                            "SYNTAX"
                                            "PREDICATE" "PRIMITIVE"
@@ -215,7 +216,9 @@
   (format ":[^ ]* \\([^ ]+\\)\\(%s\\)*" fuel-syntax--stack-effect-regex))
 
 (defconst fuel-syntax--defun-signature-regex
-  (format "\\(%s\\|%s\\)" fuel-syntax--word-signature-regex "M[^:]*: [^ ]+ [^ ]+"))
+  (format "\\(%s\\|%s\\)"
+          fuel-syntax--word-signature-regex
+          "M[^:]*: [^ ]+ [^ ]+"))
 
 (defconst fuel-syntax--constructor-decl-regex
   "\\_<C: +\\(\\w+\\) +\\(\\w+\\)\\( .*\\)?$")
diff --git a/vm/alien.cpp b/vm/alien.cpp
index 49afd608ec..13764a8e50 100755
--- a/vm/alien.cpp
+++ b/vm/alien.cpp
@@ -134,20 +134,21 @@ PRIMITIVE(dlsym)
 		box_alien(ffi_dlsym(NULL,sym));
 	else
 	{
-		tagged<dll> d = library.as<dll>();
-		d.untag_check();
+		dll *d = untag_check<dll>(library.value());
 
 		if(d->dll == NULL)
 			dpush(F);
 		else
-			box_alien(ffi_dlsym(d.untagged(),sym));
+			box_alien(ffi_dlsym(d,sym));
 	}
 }
 
 /* close a native library handle */
 PRIMITIVE(dlclose)
 {
-	ffi_dlclose(untag_check<dll>(dpop()));
+	dll *d = untag_check<dll>(dpop());
+	if(d->dll != NULL)
+		ffi_dlclose(d);
 }
 
 PRIMITIVE(dll_validp)
@@ -156,7 +157,7 @@ PRIMITIVE(dll_validp)
 	if(library == F)
 		dpush(T);
 	else
-		dpush(tagged<dll>(library)->dll == NULL ? F : T);
+		dpush(untag_check<dll>(library)->dll == NULL ? F : T);
 }
 
 /* gets the address of an object representing a C pointer */