diff --git a/basis/calendar/calendar-docs.factor b/basis/calendar/calendar-docs.factor
index c31ddca2c1..a520eca53b 100644
--- a/basis/calendar/calendar-docs.factor
+++ b/basis/calendar/calendar-docs.factor
@@ -5,10 +5,10 @@ math.order ;
 IN: calendar
 
 HELP: duration
-{ $description "A duration is a period of time years, months, days, hours, minutes, and seconds.  All duration slots can store " { $link real } " numbers. Compare two durations with the " { $link <=> } " word." } ;
+{ $description "A duration is a period of time years, months, days, hours, minutes, and seconds. All duration slots can store " { $link real } " numbers. Compare two durations with the " { $link <=> } " word." } ;
 
 HELP: timestamp
-{ $description "A timestamp is a date and a time with a timezone offset.  Timestamp slots must store integers except for " { $snippet "seconds" } ", which stores reals, and " { $snippet "gmt-offset" } ", which stores a " { $link duration } ". Compare two durations with the " { $link <=> } " word." } ;
+{ $description "A timestamp is a date and a time with a timezone offset. Timestamp slots must store integers except for " { $snippet "seconds" } ", which stores reals, and " { $snippet "gmt-offset" } ", which stores a " { $link duration } ". Compare two durations with the " { $link <=> } " word." } ;
 
 { timestamp duration } related-words
 
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ HELP: month-names
 
 HELP: month-name
 { $values { "obj" { $or integer timestamp } } { "string" string } }
-{ $description "Looks up the month name and returns it as a string.  January has an index of 1 instead of zero." } ;
+{ $description "Looks up the month name and returns it as a string. January has an index of 1 instead of zero." } ;
 
 HELP: month-abbreviations
 { $values { "value" array } }
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ HELP: month-abbreviations
 
 HELP: month-abbreviation
 { $values { "n" integer } { "string" string } }
-{ $description "Looks up the abbreviated month name and returns it as a string.  January has an index of 1 instead of zero." } ;
+{ $description "Looks up the abbreviated month name and returns it as a string. January has an index of 1 instead of zero." } ;
 
 
 HELP: day-names
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ HELP: day-name
 
 HELP: day-abbreviations2
 { $values { "value" array } }
-{ $description "Returns an array with the abbreviated English names of the days of the week.  This abbreviation is two characters long." } ;
+{ $description "Returns an array with the abbreviated English names of the days of the week. This abbreviation is two characters long." } ;
 
 HELP: day-abbreviation2
 { $values { "n" integer } { "string" string } }
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ HELP: day-abbreviation2
 
 HELP: day-abbreviations3
 { $values { "value" array } }
-{ $description "Returns an array with the abbreviated English names of the days of the week.  This abbreviation is three characters long." } ;
+{ $description "Returns an array with the abbreviated English names of the days of the week. This abbreviation is three characters long." } ;
 
 HELP: day-abbreviation3
 { $values { "n" integer } { "string" string } }
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ HELP: seconds-per-year
 
 HELP: julian-day-number
 { $values { "year" integer } { "month" integer } { "day" integer } { "n" integer } }
-{ $description "Calculates the Julian day number from a year, month, and day.  The difference between two Julian day numbers is the number of days that have elapsed between the two corresponding dates." }
+{ $description "Calculates the Julian day number from a year, month, and day. The difference between two Julian day numbers is the number of days that have elapsed between the two corresponding dates." }
 { $warning "Not valid before year -4800 BCE." } ;
 
 HELP: julian-day-number>date
@@ -340,7 +340,7 @@ HELP: >gmt
 
 HELP: time*
 { $values { "obj1" object } { "obj2" object } { "obj3" object } }
-{ $description "Multiplies each time slot of a timestamp or duration by a number and make a new duration from the result.  Used in the implementation of " { $link before } "." } ;
+{ $description "Multiplies each time slot of a timestamp or duration by a number and make a new duration from the result. Used in the implementation of " { $link before } "." } ;
 { time+ time- time* } related-words
 
 HELP: before
@@ -355,7 +355,7 @@ HELP: before
 
 HELP: <zero>
 { $values { "timestamp" timestamp } }
-{ $description "Returns a zero timestamp that consists of zeros for every slot.  Used to see if timestamps are valid." } ;
+{ $description "Returns a zero timestamp that consists of zeros for every slot. Used to see if timestamps are valid." } ;
 
 HELP: valid-timestamp?
 { $values { "timestamp" timestamp } { "?" "a boolean" } }
@@ -419,7 +419,7 @@ HELP: zeller-congruence
 { $notes "User code should use the " { $link day-of-week } " word, which takes a " { $snippet "timestamp" } " instead of integers." } ;
 
 HELP: days-in-year
-{ $values { "obj" "a timestamp or an integer" } { "n" integer } } 
+{ $values { "obj" "a timestamp or an integer" } { "n" integer } }
 { $description "Calculates the number of days in a given year." }
 { $examples
     { $example "USING: calendar prettyprint ;"
diff --git a/basis/io/mmap/mmap-docs.factor b/basis/io/mmap/mmap-docs.factor
index d99bebbdc3..7418eb0a19 100644
--- a/basis/io/mmap/mmap-docs.factor
+++ b/basis/io/mmap/mmap-docs.factor
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ HELP: mapped-file
 } ;
 
 HELP: <mapped-file>
-{ $values { "path" "a pathname string" }  { "mmap" mapped-file } }
+{ $values { "path" "a pathname string" } { "mmap" mapped-file } }
 { $contract "Opens a file and maps its contents into memory. The length is permitted to exceed the length of the file on disk, in which case the remaining space is padded with zero bytes." }
 { $notes "You must call " { $link dispose } " when you are finished working with the returned object, to reclaim resources. The " { $link with-mapped-file } " provides an abstraction which can close the mapped file for you." }
 { $errors "Throws an error if a memory mapping could not be established." } ;
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ HELP: close-mapped-file
 { $errors "Throws an error if a memory mapping could not be established." } ;
 
 HELP: <mapped-file-reader>
-{ $values { "path" "a pathname string" }  { "mmap" mapped-file } }
+{ $values { "path" "a pathname string" } { "mmap" mapped-file } }
 { $contract "Opens a file for reading only and maps its contents into memory. The length is permitted to exceed the length of the file on disk, in which case the remaining space is padded with zero bytes." }
 { $notes "You must call " { $link dispose } " when you are finished working with the returned object, to reclaim resources. The " { $link with-mapped-file } " provides an abstraction which can close the mapped file for you." }
 { $errors "Throws an error if a memory mapping could not be established." } ;
diff --git a/core/combinators/combinators-docs.factor b/core/combinators/combinators-docs.factor
index 8bab489294..23ead78d94 100644
--- a/core/combinators/combinators-docs.factor
+++ b/core/combinators/combinators-docs.factor
@@ -253,7 +253,7 @@ HELP: execute-effect-unsafe
 { $values { "word" word } { "effect" effect } }
 { $description "Given a word and a stack effect, executes the word, blindly declaring at runtime that it has the given stack effect. This is a macro which expands given a literal effect parameter, and an arbitrary word which is not required at compile time." }
 { $warning "If the word being executed has an incorrect stack effect, undefined behavior will result. User code should use " { $link POSTPONE: execute( } " instead." } ;
-    
+
 { call-effect call-effect-unsafe execute-effect execute-effect-unsafe } related-words
 
 HELP: cleave
@@ -372,10 +372,10 @@ HELP: recursive-hashcode
 
 HELP: cond>quot
 { $values { "assoc" "a sequence of pairs of quotations" } { "quot" quotation } }
-{ $description  "Creates a quotation that when called, has the same effect as applying " { $link cond } " to " { $snippet "assoc" } "."
+{ $description "Creates a quotation that when called, has the same effect as applying " { $link cond } " to " { $snippet "assoc" } "."
 $nl
 "The generated quotation is more efficient than the naive implementation of " { $link cond } ", though, since it expands into a series of conditionals, and no iteration through " { $snippet "assoc" } " has to be performed." }
-{ $notes "This word is used behind the scenes to compile " { $link cond } " forms efficiently; it can also be called directly,  which is useful for meta-programming." } ;
+{ $notes "This word is used behind the scenes to compile " { $link cond } " forms efficiently; it can also be called directly, which is useful for meta-programming." } ;
 
 HELP: case>quot
 { $values { "default" quotation } { "assoc" "a sequence of pairs of quotations" } { "quot" quotation } }
diff --git a/core/io/io-docs.factor b/core/io/io-docs.factor
index 0c1ef9008a..86f27f5186 100644
--- a/core/io/io-docs.factor
+++ b/core/io/io-docs.factor
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ $io-error ;
 
 HELP: stream-copy
 { $values { "in" "an input stream" } { "out" "an output stream" } }
-{ $description "Copies the contents of one stream into another, closing both streams when done." } 
+{ $description "Copies the contents of one stream into another, closing both streams when done." }
 $io-error ;
 
 HELP: stream-tell
@@ -112,21 +112,21 @@ HELP: stream-seek
 
 HELP: seek-absolute
 { $values
-    
+
      { "value" "a seek singleton" }
 }
 { $description "Seeks to an offset from the beginning of the stream." } ;
 
 HELP: seek-end
 { $values
-    
+
      { "value" "a seek singleton" }
 }
 { $description "Seeks to an offset from the end of the stream. If the offset puts the stream pointer past the end of the data on an output stream, writing to it will pad the difference with zeros." } ;
 
 HELP: seek-relative
 { $values
-    
+
      { "value" "a seek singleton" }
 }
 { $description "Seeks to an offset from the current position of the stream pointer." } ;
@@ -203,19 +203,19 @@ $io-error ;
 
 HELP: with-input-stream
 { $values { "stream" "an input stream" } { "quot" quotation } }
-{ $description "Calls the quotation in a new dynamic scope, with " { $link input-stream } " rebound to  " { $snippet "stream" } ". The stream is closed if the quotation returns or throws an error." } ;
+{ $description "Calls the quotation in a new dynamic scope, with " { $link input-stream } " rebound to " { $snippet "stream" } ". The stream is closed if the quotation returns or throws an error." } ;
 
 HELP: with-output-stream
 { $values { "stream" "an output stream" } { "quot" quotation } }
-{ $description "Calls the quotation in a new dynamic scope, with " { $link output-stream } " rebound to  " { $snippet "stream" } ". The stream is closed if the quotation returns or throws an error." } ;
+{ $description "Calls the quotation in a new dynamic scope, with " { $link output-stream } " rebound to " { $snippet "stream" } ". The stream is closed if the quotation returns or throws an error." } ;
 
 HELP: with-streams
 { $values { "input" "an input stream" } { "output" "an output stream" } { "quot" quotation } }
-{ $description "Calls the quotation in a new dynamic scope, with " { $link input-stream } " rebound to  " { $snippet "input" } " and " { $link output-stream } " rebound to  " { $snippet "output" } ". The stream is closed if the quotation returns or throws an error." } ;
+{ $description "Calls the quotation in a new dynamic scope, with " { $link input-stream } " rebound to " { $snippet "input" } " and " { $link output-stream } " rebound to " { $snippet "output" } ". The stream is closed if the quotation returns or throws an error." } ;
 
 HELP: with-streams*
 { $values { "input" "an input stream" } { "output" "an output stream" } { "quot" quotation } }
-{ $description "Calls the quotation in a new dynamic scope, with " { $link input-stream } " rebound to  " { $snippet "input" } " and " { $link output-stream } " rebound to  " { $snippet "output" } "." }
+{ $description "Calls the quotation in a new dynamic scope, with " { $link input-stream } " rebound to " { $snippet "input" } " and " { $link output-stream } " rebound to " { $snippet "output" } "." }
 { $notes "This word does not close the stream. Compare with " { $link with-streams } "." } ;
 
 { with-input-stream with-input-stream* } related-words
@@ -224,12 +224,12 @@ HELP: with-streams*
 
 HELP: with-input-stream*
 { $values { "stream" "an input stream" } { "quot" quotation } }
-{ $description "Calls the quotation in a new dynamic scope, with " { $link input-stream } " rebound to  " { $snippet "stream" } "." }
+{ $description "Calls the quotation in a new dynamic scope, with " { $link input-stream } " rebound to " { $snippet "stream" } "." }
 { $notes "This word does not close the stream. Compare with " { $link with-input-stream } "." } ;
 
 HELP: with-output-stream*
 { $values { "stream" "an output stream" } { "quot" quotation } }
-{ $description "Calls the quotation in a new dynamic scope, with " { $link output-stream } " rebound to  " { $snippet "stream" } "." }
+{ $description "Calls the quotation in a new dynamic scope, with " { $link output-stream } " rebound to " { $snippet "stream" } "." }
 { $notes "This word does not close the stream. Compare with " { $link with-output-stream } "." } ;
 
 HELP: bl
diff --git a/core/kernel/kernel-docs.factor b/core/kernel/kernel-docs.factor
index 8d63dfdf54..3412ec767e 100644
--- a/core/kernel/kernel-docs.factor
+++ b/core/kernel/kernel-docs.factor
@@ -242,7 +242,7 @@ HELP: bi
         "[ p ] [ q ] bi"
         "[ p ] keep q"
     }
-    
+
 } ;
 
 HELP: 2bi
@@ -512,7 +512,7 @@ HELP: bi-curry*
     "[ swap ] dip [ p ] [ q ] 2bi*"
   }
   "In other words, " { $snippet "bi-curry* bi*" } " handles the case where you have the four values " { $snippet "a b c d" } " on the stack, and you wish to apply " { $snippet "p" } " to " { $snippet "a c" } " and " { $snippet "q" } " to " { $snippet "b d" } "."
-  
+
 } ;
 
 HELP: tri-curry*
@@ -682,7 +682,7 @@ HELP: die
 { $notes
     "The term FEP originates from the Lisp machines of old. According to the Jargon File,"
     $nl
-    { $strong "fepped out" } " /fept owt/ " { $emphasis "adj." }  " The Symbolics 3600 LISP Machine has a Front-End Processor called a `FEP' (compare sense 2 of box). When the main processor gets wedged, the FEP takes control of the keyboard and screen. Such a machine is said to have `fepped out' or `dropped into the fep'." 
+    { $strong "fepped out" } " /fept owt/ " { $emphasis "adj." } " The Symbolics 3600 LISP Machine has a Front-End Processor called a `FEP' (compare sense 2 of box). When the main processor gets wedged, the FEP takes control of the keyboard and screen. Such a machine is said to have `fepped out' or `dropped into the fep'."
     $nl
     { $url "http://www.jargon.net/jargonfile/f/feppedout.html" }
 } ;
@@ -763,7 +763,7 @@ HELP: with
 { $description "Partial application on the left. The following two lines are equivalent:"
     { $code "swap [ swap A ] curry B" }
     { $code "[ A ] with B" }
-    
+
 }
 { $notes "This operation is efficient and does not copy the quotation." }
 { $examples
diff --git a/core/parser/parser-docs.factor b/core/parser/parser-docs.factor
index f7efa988f1..24ddc0b7c9 100644
--- a/core/parser/parser-docs.factor
+++ b/core/parser/parser-docs.factor
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ ARTICLE: "parsing-tokens" "Parsing raw tokens"
 "So far we have seen how to read individual tokens, or read a sequence of parsed objects until a delimiter. It is also possible to read raw tokens from the input and perform custom processing."
 $nl
 "One example is the " { $link POSTPONE: USING: } " parsing word."
-{ $see POSTPONE: USING: } 
+{ $see POSTPONE: USING: }
 "It reads a list of vocabularies terminated by " { $link POSTPONE: ; } ". However, the vocabulary names do not name words, except by coincidence; so " { $link parse-until } " cannot be used here. Instead, a set of lower-level combinators can be used:"
 { $subsections
     each-token
diff --git a/core/sequences/sequences-docs.factor b/core/sequences/sequences-docs.factor
index c3711c3520..12d6813ebd 100644
--- a/core/sequences/sequences-docs.factor
+++ b/core/sequences/sequences-docs.factor
@@ -243,7 +243,7 @@ HELP: array-capacity
 { $warning "This word is in the " { $vocab-link "sequences.private" } " vocabulary because it is unsafe. It does not check types, so improper use can corrupt memory." } ;
 
 HELP: array-nth
-{ $values { "n" "a non-negative fixnum" } { "array" "an array" }  { "elt" object } }
+{ $values { "n" "a non-negative fixnum" } { "array" "an array" } { "elt" object } }
 { $description "Low-level array element accessor." }
 { $warning "This word is in the " { $vocab-link "sequences.private" } " vocabulary because it is unsafe. It does not check types or array bounds, and improper use can corrupt memory. User code must use " { $link nth } " instead." } ;