diff --git a/basis/bootstrap/image/image.factor b/basis/bootstrap/image/image.factor
index cb8c0ef538..513b8972a6 100644
--- a/basis/bootstrap/image/image.factor
+++ b/basis/bootstrap/image/image.factor
@@ -344,25 +344,37 @@ M: wrapper '
     [ emit ] emit-object ;
 
 ! Strings
+: native> ( object -- object )
+    big-endian get [ [ be> ] map ] [ [ le> ] map ] if ;
+
 : emit-bytes ( seq -- )
-    bootstrap-cell <groups>
-    big-endian get [ [ be> ] map ] [ [ le> ] map ] if
-    emit-seq ;
+    bootstrap-cell <groups> native> emit-seq ;
 
 : pad-bytes ( seq -- newseq )
     dup length bootstrap-cell align 0 pad-right ;
 
-: check-string ( string -- )
-    [ 127 > ] contains?
-    [ "Bootstrap cannot emit non-ASCII strings" throw ] when ;
+: extended-part ( str -- str' )
+    dup [ 128 < ] all? [ drop f ] [
+        [ -7 shift 1 bitxor ] { } map-as
+        big-endian get
+        [ [ 2 >be ] { } map-as ]
+        [ [ 2 >le ] { } map-as ] if
+        B{ } join
+    ] if ;
+
+: ascii-part ( str -- str' )
+    [
+        [ 128 mod ] [ 128 >= ] bi
+        [ 128 bitor ] when
+    ] B{ } map-as ;
 
 : emit-string ( string -- ptr )
-    dup check-string
+    [ length ] [ extended-part ' ] [ ] tri
     string type-number object tag-number [
-        dup length emit-fixnum
-        f ' emit
-        f ' emit
-        pad-bytes emit-bytes
+        [ emit-fixnum ]
+        [ emit ]
+        [ f ' emit ascii-part pad-bytes emit-bytes ]
+        tri*
     ] emit-object ;
 
 M: string '
diff --git a/basis/cairo/gadgets/gadgets.factor b/basis/cairo/gadgets/gadgets.factor
index 131f7425c9..87942b4c91 100644
--- a/basis/cairo/gadgets/gadgets.factor
+++ b/basis/cairo/gadgets/gadgets.factor
@@ -2,19 +2,26 @@
 ! See http://factorcode.org/license.txt for BSD license.
 USING: sequences math kernel byte-arrays cairo.ffi cairo
 io.backend ui.gadgets accessors opengl.gl arrays fry
-classes ui.render namespaces ;
-
+classes ui.render namespaces destructors libc ;
 IN: cairo.gadgets
 
+<PRIVATE
 : width>stride ( width -- stride ) 4 * ;
+
+: image-dims ( gadget -- width height stride )
+    dim>> first2 over width>stride ; inline
+: image-buffer ( width height stride -- alien )
+    * nip malloc ; inline
+PRIVATE>
     
 GENERIC: render-cairo* ( gadget -- )
 
-: render-cairo ( gadget -- byte-array )
-    dup dim>> first2 over width>stride
-    [ * nip <byte-array> dup CAIRO_FORMAT_ARGB32 ] 
-    [ cairo_image_surface_create_for_data ] 3bi
-    rot '[ _ render-cairo* ] with-cairo-from-surface ; inline
+: render-cairo ( gadget -- alien )
+    [
+        image-dims
+        [ image-buffer dup CAIRO_FORMAT_ARGB32 ] 
+        [ cairo_image_surface_create_for_data ] 3bi
+    ] [ '[ _ render-cairo* ] with-cairo-from-surface ] bi ;
 
 TUPLE: cairo-gadget < gadget ;
 
@@ -23,11 +30,13 @@ TUPLE: cairo-gadget < gadget ;
         swap >>dim ;
 
 M: cairo-gadget draw-gadget*
-    [ dim>> ] [ render-cairo ] bi
-    origin get first2 glRasterPos2i
-    1.0 -1.0 glPixelZoom
-    [ first2 GL_BGRA GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE ] dip
-    glDrawPixels ;
+    [
+        [ dim>> ] [ render-cairo &free ] bi
+        origin get first2 glRasterPos2i
+        1.0 -1.0 glPixelZoom
+        [ first2 GL_BGRA GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE ] dip
+        glDrawPixels
+    ] with-destructors ;
 
 : copy-surface ( surface -- )
     cr swap 0 0 cairo_set_source_surface
diff --git a/basis/concurrency/messaging/messaging-docs.factor b/basis/concurrency/messaging/messaging-docs.factor
index 3bd2d330c3..41beedb6dc 100644
--- a/basis/concurrency/messaging/messaging-docs.factor
+++ b/basis/concurrency/messaging/messaging-docs.factor
@@ -53,7 +53,8 @@ ARTICLE: { "concurrency" "synchronous-sends" } "Synchronous sends"
 { $subsection reply-synchronous }
 "An example:"
 { $example
-    "USING: concurrency.messaging kernel threads ;"
+    "USING: concurrency.messaging kernel prettyprint threads ;"
+    "IN: scratchpad"
     ": pong-server ( -- )"
     "    receive [ \"pong\" ] dip reply-synchronous ;"
     "[ pong-server t ] \"pong-server\" spawn-server"
diff --git a/basis/eval/eval-docs.factor b/basis/eval/eval-docs.factor
index 057d291b7f..b53c3bae6b 100644
--- a/basis/eval/eval-docs.factor
+++ b/basis/eval/eval-docs.factor
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ HELP: eval>string
 { $description "Evaluates the Factor code in " { $snippet "str" } " with " { $link output-stream } " rebound to a string output stream, then outputs the resulting string." } ;
 
 ARTICLE: "eval" "Evaluating strings at runtime"
-"Evaluating strings at runtime:"
+"The " { $vocab-link "eval" } " vocabulary implements support for evaluating strings at runtime."
 { $subsection eval }
 { $subsection eval>string } ;
 
diff --git a/basis/eval/eval-tests.factor b/basis/eval/eval-tests.factor
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..102a4d49ef
--- /dev/null
+++ b/basis/eval/eval-tests.factor
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+IN: eval.tests
+USING: eval tools.test ;
+
+[ "4\n" ] [ "USING: math prettyprint ; 2 2 + ." eval>string ] unit-test
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/basis/eval/eval.factor b/basis/eval/eval.factor
index 5b22fec159..dfa9baf418 100644
--- a/basis/eval/eval.factor
+++ b/basis/eval/eval.factor
@@ -1,14 +1,24 @@
-! Copyright (C) 2008 Slava Pestov.
+! Copyright (C) 2008, 2009 Slava Pestov.
 ! See http://factorcode.org/license.txt for BSD license.
 USING: splitting parser compiler.units kernel namespaces
-debugger io.streams.string ;
+debugger io.streams.string fry ;
 IN: eval
 
+: parse-string ( str -- )
+    [ string-lines parse-lines ] with-compilation-unit ;
+
+: (eval) ( str -- )
+    parse-string call ;
+
 : eval ( str -- )
-    [ string-lines parse-fresh ] with-compilation-unit call ;
+    [ (eval) ] with-file-vocabs ;
+
+: (eval>string) ( str -- output )
+    [
+        "quiet" on
+        parser-notes off
+        '[ _ (eval) ] try
+    ] with-string-writer ;
 
 : eval>string ( str -- output )
-    [
-        parser-notes off
-        [ [ eval ] keep ] try drop
-    ] with-string-writer ;
+    [ (eval>string) ] with-file-vocabs ;
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/basis/farkup/farkup-docs.factor b/basis/farkup/farkup-docs.factor
index 8e7270cc01..8c6b07a01c 100644
--- a/basis/farkup/farkup-docs.factor
+++ b/basis/farkup/farkup-docs.factor
@@ -14,8 +14,8 @@ HELP: parse-farkup ( string -- farkup )
 { $description "Parses Farkup and outputs a tree of " { $link "farkup-ast" } "." } ;
 
 HELP: (write-farkup)
-{ $values { "farkup" "a Farkup syntax tree node" } }
-{ $description "Writes a Farkup syntax tree as HTML on " { $link output-stream } "." } ;
+{ $values { "farkup" "a Farkup syntax tree node" } { "xml" "an XML chunk" } }
+{ $description "Converts a Farkup syntax tree node to XML." } ;
 
 ARTICLE: "farkup-ast" "Farkup syntax tree nodes"
 "The " { $link parse-farkup } " word outputs a tree of nodes corresponding to the Farkup syntax of the input string. This tree can be programatically traversed and mutated before being passed on to " { $link write-farkup } "."
diff --git a/basis/farkup/farkup-tests.factor b/basis/farkup/farkup-tests.factor
index aa9345e1d0..ee09486a03 100644
--- a/basis/farkup/farkup-tests.factor
+++ b/basis/farkup/farkup-tests.factor
@@ -92,22 +92,22 @@ link-no-follow? off
 [ "<p>=</p><h2>foo</h2>" ] [ "===foo==" convert-farkup ] unit-test
 [ "<h1>foo</h1><p>=</p>" ] [ "=foo==" convert-farkup ] unit-test
 
-[ "<pre><span class='KEYWORD3'>int</span> <span class='FUNCTION'>main</span><span class='OPERATOR'>(</span><span class='OPERATOR'>)</span>\n</pre>" ]
+[ "<pre><span class=\"KEYWORD3\">int</span> <span class=\"FUNCTION\">main</span><span class=\"OPERATOR\">(</span><span class=\"OPERATOR\">)</span></pre>" ]
 [ "[c{int main()}]" convert-farkup ] unit-test
 
-[ "<p><img src='lol.jpg'/></p>" ] [ "[[image:lol.jpg]]" convert-farkup ] unit-test
-[ "<p><img src='lol.jpg' alt='teh lol'/></p>" ] [ "[[image:lol.jpg|teh lol]]" convert-farkup ] unit-test
-[ "<p><a href='http://lol.com'>http://lol.com</a></p>" ] [ "[[http://lol.com]]" convert-farkup ] unit-test
-[ "<p><a href='http://lol.com'>haha</a></p>" ] [ "[[http://lol.com|haha]]" convert-farkup ] unit-test
-[ "<p><a href='Foo/Bar'>Bar</a></p>" ] [ "[[Foo/Bar]]" convert-farkup ] unit-test
+[ "<p><img src=\"lol.jpg\"/></p>" ] [ "[[image:lol.jpg]]" convert-farkup ] unit-test
+[ "<p><img src=\"lol.jpg\" alt=\"teh lol\"/></p>" ] [ "[[image:lol.jpg|teh lol]]" convert-farkup ] unit-test
+[ "<p><a href=\"http://lol.com\">http://lol.com</a></p>" ] [ "[[http://lol.com]]" convert-farkup ] unit-test
+[ "<p><a href=\"http://lol.com\">haha</a></p>" ] [ "[[http://lol.com|haha]]" convert-farkup ] unit-test
+[ "<p><a href=\"Foo/Bar\">Bar</a></p>" ] [ "[[Foo/Bar]]" convert-farkup ] unit-test
 
 "/wiki/view/" relative-link-prefix [
-    [ "<p><a href='/wiki/view/Foo/Bar'>Bar</a></p>" ] [ "[[Foo/Bar]]" convert-farkup ] unit-test
+    [ "<p><a href=\"/wiki/view/Foo/Bar\">Bar</a></p>" ] [ "[[Foo/Bar]]" convert-farkup ] unit-test
 ] with-variable
 
 [ ] [ "[{}]" convert-farkup drop ] unit-test
 
-[ "<pre>hello\n</pre>" ] [ "[{hello}]" convert-farkup ] unit-test
+[ "<pre>hello</pre>" ] [ "[{hello}]" convert-farkup ] unit-test
 
 [
     "<p>Feature comparison:\n<table><tr><td>a</td><td>Factor</td><td>Java</td><td>Lisp</td></tr><tr><td>Coolness</td><td>Yes</td><td>No</td><td>No</td></tr><tr><td>Badass</td><td>Yes</td><td>No</td><td>No</td></tr><tr><td>Enterprise</td><td>Yes</td><td>Yes</td><td>No</td></tr><tr><td>Kosher</td><td>Yes</td><td>No</td><td>Yes</td></tr></table></p>"
@@ -118,15 +118,15 @@ link-no-follow? off
 ] [ "Feature comparison:\n\n|a|Factor|Java|Lisp|\n|Coolness|Yes|No|No|\n|Badass|Yes|No|No|\n|Enterprise|Yes|Yes|No|\n|Kosher|Yes|No|Yes|\n" convert-farkup ] unit-test
 
 [
-    "<p>This wiki is written in <a href='Factor'>Factor</a> and is hosted on a <a href='http://linode.com'>http://linode.com</a> virtual server.</p>"
+    "<p>This wiki is written in <a href=\"Factor\">Factor</a> and is hosted on a <a href=\"http://linode.com\">http://linode.com</a> virtual server.</p>"
 ] [
     "This wiki is written in [[Factor]] and is hosted on a [[http://linode.com|http://linode.com]] virtual server."
     convert-farkup
 ] unit-test
 
-[ "<p><a href='a'>a</a> <a href='b'>c</a></p>" ] [ "[[a]] [[b|c]]" convert-farkup ] unit-test
+[ "<p><a href=\"a\">a</a> <a href=\"b\">c</a></p>" ] [ "[[a]] [[b|c]]" convert-farkup ] unit-test
 
-[ "<p><a href='C%2b%2b'>C++</a></p>" ] [ "[[C++]]" convert-farkup ] unit-test
+[ "<p><a href=\"C%2b%2b\">C++</a></p>" ] [ "[[C++]]" convert-farkup ] unit-test
 
 [ "<p>&lt;foo&gt;</p>" ] [ "<foo>" convert-farkup ] unit-test
 
@@ -138,10 +138,10 @@ link-no-follow? off
 [ "<hr/>" ] [ "___" convert-farkup ] unit-test
 [ "<hr/>\n" ] [ "___\n" convert-farkup ] unit-test
 
-[ "<p>before:\n<pre><span class='OPERATOR'>{</span> <span class='DIGIT'>1</span> <span class='DIGIT'>2</span> <span class='DIGIT'>3</span> <span class='OPERATOR'>}</span> <span class='DIGIT'>1</span> tail\n</pre></p>" ] 
+[ "<p>before:\n<pre><span class=\"OPERATOR\">{</span> <span class=\"DIGIT\">1</span> <span class=\"DIGIT\">2</span> <span class=\"DIGIT\">3</span> <span class=\"OPERATOR\">}</span> <span class=\"DIGIT\">1</span> tail</pre></p>" ] 
 [ "before:\n[factor{{ 1 2 3 } 1 tail}]" convert-farkup ] unit-test
  
-[ "<p><a href='Factor'>Factor</a>-rific!</p>" ]
+[ "<p><a href=\"Factor\">Factor</a>-rific!</p>" ]
 [ "[[Factor]]-rific!" convert-farkup ] unit-test
 
 [ "<p>[ factor { 1 2 3 }]</p>" ]
@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ link-no-follow? off
     convert-farkup string>xml-chunk
     "a" deep-tag-named "href" swap at url-decode ;
 
-[ "Trader Joe's" ] [ "[[Trader Joe's]]" check-link-escaping ] unit-test
+[ "Trader Joe\"s" ] [ "[[Trader Joe\"s]]" check-link-escaping ] unit-test
 [ "<foo>" ] [ "[[<foo>]]" check-link-escaping ] unit-test
 [ "&blah;" ] [ "[[&blah;]]" check-link-escaping ] unit-test
-[ "C++" ] [ "[[C++]]" check-link-escaping ] unit-test
\ No newline at end of file
+[ "C++" ] [ "[[C++]]" check-link-escaping ] unit-test
diff --git a/basis/farkup/farkup.factor b/basis/farkup/farkup.factor
index 1bfd420dd3..ccd12b83f2 100644
--- a/basis/farkup/farkup.factor
+++ b/basis/farkup/farkup.factor
@@ -2,8 +2,9 @@
 ! See http://factorcode.org/license.txt for BSD license.
 USING: accessors arrays combinators html.elements io
 io.streams.string kernel math namespaces peg peg.ebnf
-sequences sequences.deep strings xml.entities
-vectors splitting xmode.code2html urls.encoding ;
+sequences sequences.deep strings xml.entities xml.interpolate
+vectors splitting xmode.code2html urls.encoding xml.data
+xml.writer ;
 IN: farkup
 
 SYMBOL: relative-link-prefix
@@ -74,6 +75,7 @@ inline-code   = "%" (!("%" | nl).)+ "%"
     => [[ second >string inline-code boa ]]
 
 link-content     = (!("|"|"]").)+
+                    => [[ >string ]]
 
 image-link       = "[[image:" link-content  "|" link-content "]]"
                     => [[ [ second >string ] [ fourth >string ] bi image boa ]]
@@ -146,7 +148,7 @@ named-code
 
 simple-code
            = "[{" (!("}]").)+ "}]"
-    => [[ second f swap code boa ]]
+    => [[ second >string f swap code boa ]]
 
 code = named-code | simple-code
 
@@ -163,66 +165,78 @@ stand-alone
         { [ dup [ 127 > ] contains? ] [ drop invalid-url ] }
         { [ dup first "/\\" member? ] [ drop invalid-url ] }
         { [ CHAR: : over member? ] [ dup absolute-url? [ drop invalid-url ] unless ] }
-        [ relative-link-prefix get prepend ]
-    } cond ;
+        [ relative-link-prefix get prepend "" like ]
+    } cond url-encode ;
 
-: escape-link ( href text -- href-esc text-esc )
-    [ check-url ] dip escape-string ;
+: write-link ( href text -- xml )
+    [ check-url link-no-follow? get "true" and ] dip
+    [XML <a href=<-> nofollow=<->><-></a> XML] ;
 
-: write-link ( href text -- )
-    escape-link
-    [ <a url-encode =href link-no-follow? get [ "true" =nofollow ] when a> ]
-    [ write </a> ]
-    bi* ;
-
-: write-image-link ( href text -- )
+: write-image-link ( href text -- xml )
     disable-images? get [
         2drop
-        <strong> "Images are not allowed" write </strong>
+        [XML <strong>Images are not allowed</strong> XML]
     ] [
-        escape-link
-        [ <img url-encode =src ] [ [ =alt ] unless-empty img/> ] bi*
+        [ check-url ] [ f like ] bi*
+        [XML <img src=<-> alt=<->/> XML]
     ] if ;
 
-: render-code ( string mode -- string' )
-    [ string-lines ] dip
-    [
-        <pre>
-            htmlize-lines
-        </pre>
-    ] with-string-writer write ;
+: render-code ( string mode -- xml )
+    [ string-lines ] dip htmlize-lines
+    [XML <pre><-></pre> XML] ;
 
-GENERIC: (write-farkup) ( farkup -- )
-: <foo.> ( string -- ) <foo> write ;
-: </foo.> ( string -- ) </foo> write ;
-: in-tag. ( obj quot string -- ) [ <foo.> call ] keep </foo.> ; inline
-M: heading1 (write-farkup) [ child>> (write-farkup) ] "h1" in-tag. ;
-M: heading2 (write-farkup) [ child>> (write-farkup) ] "h2" in-tag. ;
-M: heading3 (write-farkup) [ child>> (write-farkup) ] "h3" in-tag. ;
-M: heading4 (write-farkup) [ child>> (write-farkup) ] "h4" in-tag. ;
-M: strong (write-farkup) [ child>> (write-farkup) ] "strong" in-tag. ;
-M: emphasis (write-farkup) [ child>> (write-farkup) ] "em" in-tag. ;
-M: superscript (write-farkup) [ child>> (write-farkup) ] "sup" in-tag. ;
-M: subscript (write-farkup) [ child>> (write-farkup) ] "sub" in-tag. ;
-M: inline-code (write-farkup) [ child>> (write-farkup) ] "code" in-tag. ;
-M: list-item (write-farkup) [ child>> (write-farkup) ] "li" in-tag. ;
-M: unordered-list (write-farkup) [ child>> (write-farkup) ] "ul" in-tag. ;
-M: ordered-list (write-farkup) [ child>> (write-farkup) ] "ol" in-tag. ;
-M: paragraph (write-farkup) [ child>> (write-farkup) ] "p" in-tag. ;
-M: link (write-farkup) [ href>> ] [ text>> ] bi write-link ;
-M: image (write-farkup) [ href>> ] [ text>> ] bi write-image-link ;
-M: code (write-farkup) [ string>> ] [ mode>> ] bi render-code ;
-M: line (write-farkup) drop <hr/> ;
-M: line-break (write-farkup) drop <br/> nl ;
-M: table-row (write-farkup) ( obj -- )
-    child>> [ [ [ (write-farkup) ] "td" in-tag. ] each ] "tr" in-tag. ;
-M: table (write-farkup) [ child>> (write-farkup) ] "table" in-tag. ;
-M: string (write-farkup) escape-string write ;
-M: vector (write-farkup) [ (write-farkup) ] each ;
-M: f (write-farkup) drop ;
+GENERIC: (write-farkup) ( farkup -- xml )
 
-: write-farkup ( string -- )
+: farkup-inside ( farkup name -- xml )
+    <simple-name> swap T{ attrs } swap
+    child>> (write-farkup) 1array <tag> ;
+
+M: heading1 (write-farkup) "h1" farkup-inside ;
+M: heading2 (write-farkup) "h2" farkup-inside ;
+M: heading3 (write-farkup) "h3" farkup-inside ;
+M: heading4 (write-farkup) "h4" farkup-inside ;
+M: strong (write-farkup) "strong" farkup-inside ;
+M: emphasis (write-farkup) "em" farkup-inside ;
+M: superscript (write-farkup) "sup" farkup-inside ;
+M: subscript (write-farkup) "sub" farkup-inside ;
+M: inline-code (write-farkup) "code" farkup-inside ;
+M: list-item (write-farkup) "li" farkup-inside ;
+M: unordered-list (write-farkup) "ul" farkup-inside ;
+M: ordered-list (write-farkup) "ol" farkup-inside ;
+M: paragraph (write-farkup) "p" farkup-inside ;
+M: table (write-farkup) "table" farkup-inside ;
+
+M: link (write-farkup)
+    [ href>> ] [ text>> ] bi write-link ;
+
+M: image (write-farkup)
+    [ href>> ] [ text>> ] bi write-image-link ;
+
+M: code (write-farkup)
+    [ string>> ] [ mode>> ] bi render-code ;
+
+M: line (write-farkup)
+    drop [XML <hr/> XML] ;
+
+M: line-break (write-farkup)
+    drop [XML <br/> XML] ;
+
+M: table-row (write-farkup)
+    child>>
+    [ (write-farkup) [XML <td><-></td> XML] ] map
+    [XML <tr><-></tr> XML] ;
+
+M: string (write-farkup) ;
+
+M: vector (write-farkup) [ (write-farkup) ] map ;
+
+M: f (write-farkup) ;
+
+: farkup>xml ( string -- xml )
     parse-farkup (write-farkup) ;
 
+: write-farkup ( string -- )
+    farkup>xml write-xml-chunk ;
+
 : convert-farkup ( string -- string' )
-    parse-farkup [ (write-farkup) ] with-string-writer ;
+    [ write-farkup ] with-string-writer ;
diff --git a/basis/formatting/formatting-docs.factor b/basis/formatting/formatting-docs.factor
index 8db3567c23..196302f203 100644
--- a/basis/formatting/formatting-docs.factor
+++ b/basis/formatting/formatting-docs.factor
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ HELP: printf
 { $values { "format-string" string } }
 { $description 
     "Writes the arguments (specified on the stack) formatted according to the format string.\n" 
-    "\n"
+    $nl
     "Several format specifications exist for handling arguments of different types, and "
     "specifying attributes for the result string, including such things as maximum width, "
     "padding, and decimals.\n"
@@ -24,10 +24,10 @@ HELP: printf
         { "%+Px"    "Hexadecimal"                "hex" }
         { "%+PX"    "Hexadecimal uppercase"      "hex" }
     }
-    "\n"
+    $nl
     "A plus sign ('+') is used to optionally specify that the number should be "
     "formatted with a '+' preceeding it if positive.\n"
-    "\n"
+    $nl
     "Padding ('P') is used to optionally specify the minimum width of the result "
     "string, the padding character, and the alignment.  By default, the padding "
     "character defaults to a space and the alignment defaults to right-aligned. "
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ HELP: printf
         "\"%'#5f\" formats a float padding with '#' up to 3 characters wide."
         "\"%-10d\" formats an integer to 10 characters wide and left-aligns." 
     }
-    "\n"
+    $nl
     "Digits ('D') is used to optionally specify the maximum digits in the result "
     "string. For example:\n"
     { $list 
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ HELP: strftime
 { $values { "format-string" string } }
 { $description 
     "Writes the timestamp (specified on the stack) formatted according to the format string.\n"
-    "\n"
+    $nl
     "Different attributes of the timestamp can be retrieved using format specifications.\n"
     { $table
         { "%a"     "Abbreviated weekday name." }
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ HELP: strftime
 } ;
 
 ARTICLE: "formatting" "Formatted printing"
-"The " { $vocab-link "formatting" } " vocabulary is used for formatted printing.\n"
+"The " { $vocab-link "formatting" } " vocabulary is used for formatted printing."
 { $subsection printf }
 { $subsection sprintf }
 { $subsection strftime }
diff --git a/basis/fry/fry-docs.factor b/basis/fry/fry-docs.factor
index d91f44aecb..5d750775e5 100644
--- a/basis/fry/fry-docs.factor
+++ b/basis/fry/fry-docs.factor
@@ -69,18 +69,18 @@ ARTICLE: "fry.philosophy" "Fried quotation philosophy"
     "'[ [ _ key? ] all? ] filter"
     "[ [ key? ] curry all? ] curry filter"
 }
-"There is a mapping from fried quotations to lexical closures as defined in the " { $vocab-link "locals" } " vocabulary. Namely, a fried quotation is equivalent to a ``let'' form where each local binding is only used once, and bindings are used in the same order in which they are defined. The following two lines are equivalent:"
+"There is a mapping from fried quotations to lexical closures as defined in the " { $vocab-link "locals" } " vocabulary. Namely, a fried quotation is equivalent to a “let” form where each local binding is only used once, and bindings are used in the same order in which they are defined. The following two lines are equivalent:"
 { $code
     "'[ 3 _ + 4 _ / ]"
     "[let | a [ ] b [ ] | [ 3 a + 4 b / ] ]"
 } ;
 
 ARTICLE: "fry" "Fried quotations"
-"The " { $vocab-link "fry" } " vocabulary implements " { $emphasis "fried quotation" } ". Conceptually, fried quotations are quotations with ``holes'' (more formally, " { $emphasis "fry specifiers" } "), and the holes are filled in when the fried quotation is pushed on the stack."
+"The " { $vocab-link "fry" } " vocabulary implements " { $emphasis "fried quotation" } ". Conceptually, fried quotations are quotations with “holes” (more formally, " { $emphasis "fry specifiers" } "), and the holes are filled in when the fried quotation is pushed on the stack."
 $nl
 "Fried quotations are started by a special parsing word:"
 { $subsection POSTPONE: '[ }
-"There are two types of fry specifiers; the first can hold a value, and the second ``splices'' a quotation, as if it were inserted without surrounding brackets:"
+"There are two types of fry specifiers; the first can hold a value, and the second “splices” a quotation, as if it were inserted without surrounding brackets:"
 { $subsection _ }
 { $subsection @ }
 "The holes are filled in with the top of stack going in the rightmost hole, the second item on the stack going in the second hole from the right, and so on."
diff --git a/basis/furnace/auth/auth-docs.factor b/basis/furnace/auth/auth-docs.factor
index 4a03d59581..f1f68c975d 100644
--- a/basis/furnace/auth/auth-docs.factor
+++ b/basis/furnace/auth/auth-docs.factor
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ $nl
 { $subsection "furnace.auth.providers.db" } ;
 
 ARTICLE: "furnace.auth.features" "Optional authentication features"
-"Vocabularies having names prefixed by " { $code "furnace.auth.features" } "  implement optional features which can be enabled by calling special words. These words define new actions on an authentication realm."
+"Vocabularies having names prefixed by " { $code "furnace.auth.features" } " implement optional features which can be enabled by calling special words. These words define new actions on an authentication realm."
 { $subsection "furnace.auth.features.deactivate-user" }
 { $subsection "furnace.auth.features.edit-profile" }
 { $subsection "furnace.auth.features.recover-password" }
@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ ARTICLE: "furnace.auth.users" "User profiles"
 "User profile variables have the same restrictions on their values as session variables; see " { $link "furnace.sessions.serialize" } " for a discussion." ;
 
 ARTICLE: "furnace.auth.example" "Furnace authentication example"
-"The " { $vocab-link "webapps.todo" } " vocabulary wraps all of its responders in a protected responder. The " { $slot "description" } " slot is set so that the login page contains the message ``You must log in to view your todo list'':"
+"The " { $vocab-link "webapps.todo" } " vocabulary wraps all of its responders in a protected responder. The " { $slot "description" } " slot is set so that the login page contains the message “You must log in to view your todo list”:"
 { $code
     <" <protected>
     "view your todo list" >>description">
diff --git a/basis/furnace/auth/features/recover-password/recover-password.factor b/basis/furnace/auth/features/recover-password/recover-password.factor
index 77be30a2d1..aeaf9e9471 100644
--- a/basis/furnace/auth/features/recover-password/recover-password.factor
+++ b/basis/furnace/auth/features/recover-password/recover-password.factor
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ SYMBOL: lost-password-from
         over email>> 1array >>to
         [
             "This e-mail was sent by the application server on " % current-host % "\n" %
-            "because somebody, maybe you, clicked on a ``recover password'' link in the\n" %
+            "because somebody, maybe you, clicked on a “recover password” link in the\n" %
             "login form, and requested a new password for the user named ``" %
             over username>> % "''.\n" %
             "\n" %
diff --git a/basis/furnace/syndication/syndication-docs.factor b/basis/furnace/syndication/syndication-docs.factor
index 94a69ccd0e..1ce1cd7da1 100644
--- a/basis/furnace/syndication/syndication-docs.factor
+++ b/basis/furnace/syndication/syndication-docs.factor
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ HELP: feed-entry-date
 HELP: feed-entry-description
 { $values
      { "object" object }
-     { "description" null }
+     { "description" string }
 }
 { $contract "Outputs a feed entry description." } ;
 
diff --git a/basis/help/lint/lint.factor b/basis/help/lint/lint.factor
index 2f61d05a61..30d5ef49df 100644
--- a/basis/help/lint/lint.factor
+++ b/basis/help/lint/lint.factor
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-! Copyright (C) 2006, 2008 Slava Pestov.
+! Copyright (C) 2006, 2009 Slava Pestov.
 ! See http://factorcode.org/license.txt for BSD license.
 USING: fry accessors sequences parser kernel help help.markup
 help.topics words strings classes tools.vocabs namespaces make
@@ -6,21 +6,24 @@ io io.streams.string prettyprint definitions arrays vectors
 combinators combinators.short-circuit splitting debugger
 hashtables sorting effects vocabs vocabs.loader assocs editors
 continuations classes.predicate macros math sets eval
-vocabs.parser words.symbol values ;
+vocabs.parser words.symbol values grouping unicode.categories
+sequences.deep ;
 IN: help.lint
 
-: check-example ( element -- )
-    rest [
-        but-last "\n" join 1vector
-        [
-            use [ clone ] change
-            [ eval>string ] with-datastack
-        ] with-scope peek "\n" ?tail drop
-    ] keep
-    peek assert= ;
+SYMBOL: vocabs-quot
 
-: check-examples ( word element -- )
-    nip \ $example swap elements [ check-example ] each ;
+: check-example ( element -- )
+    [
+        rest [
+            but-last "\n" join 1vector
+            [ (eval>string) ] with-datastack
+            peek "\n" ?tail drop
+        ] keep
+        peek assert=
+    ] vocabs-quot get call ;
+
+: check-examples ( element -- )
+    \ $example swap elements [ check-example ] each ;
 
 : extract-values ( element -- seq )
     \ $values swap elements dup empty? [
@@ -64,8 +67,13 @@ IN: help.lint
         ]
     } 2|| [ "$values don't match stack effect" throw ] unless ;
 
-: check-see-also ( word element -- )
-    nip \ $see-also swap elements [
+: check-nulls ( element -- )
+    \ $values swap elements
+    null swap deep-member?
+    [ "$values should not contain null" throw ] when ;
+
+: check-see-also ( element -- )
+    \ $see-also swap elements [
         rest dup prune [ length ] bi@ assert=
     ] each ;
 
@@ -79,43 +87,78 @@ IN: help.lint
     ] each ;
 
 : check-rendering ( element -- )
-    [ print-topic ] with-string-writer drop ;
+    [ print-content ] with-string-writer drop ;
+
+: check-strings ( str -- )
+    [
+        "\n\t" intersects?
+        [ "Paragraph text should not contain \\n or \\t" throw ] when
+    ] [
+        "  " swap subseq?
+        [ "Paragraph text should not contain double spaces" throw ] when
+    ] bi ;
+
+: check-whitespace ( str1 str2 -- )
+    [ " " tail? ] [ " " head? ] bi* or
+    [ "Missing whitespace between strings" throw ] unless ;
+
+: check-bogus-nl ( element -- )
+    { { $nl } { { $nl } } } [ head? ] with contains?
+    [ "Simple element should not begin with a paragraph break" throw ] when ;
+
+: check-elements ( element -- )
+    {
+        [ check-bogus-nl ]
+        [ [ string? ] filter [ check-strings ] each ]
+        [ [ simple-element? ] filter [ check-elements ] each ]
+        [ 2 <clumps> [ [ string? ] all? ] filter [ first2 check-whitespace ] each ]
+    } cleave ;
+
+: check-markup ( element -- )
+    {
+        [ check-elements ]
+        [ check-rendering ]
+        [ check-examples ]
+        [ check-modules ]
+    } cleave ;
 
 : all-word-help ( words -- seq )
     [ word-help ] filter ;
 
-TUPLE: help-error topic error ;
+TUPLE: help-error error topic ;
 
 C: <help-error> help-error
 
 M: help-error error.
-    "In " write dup topic>> pprint nl
-    error>> error. ;
+    [ "In " write topic>> pprint nl ]
+    [ error>> error. ]
+    bi ;
 
 : check-something ( obj quot -- )
-    flush [ <help-error> , ] recover ; inline
+    flush '[ _ assert-depth ] swap '[ _ <help-error> , ] recover ; inline
 
 : check-word ( word -- )
+    [ with-file-vocabs ] vocabs-quot set
     dup word-help [
-        [
-            dup word-help '[
-                _ _ {
-                    [ check-examples ]
-                    [ check-values ]
-                    [ check-see-also ]
-                    [ [ check-rendering ] [ check-modules ] bi* ]
-                } 2cleave
-            ] assert-depth
+        dup '[
+            _ dup word-help
+            [ check-values ]
+            [ nip [ check-nulls ] [ check-see-also ] [ check-markup ] tri ] 2bi
         ] check-something
     ] [ drop ] if ;
 
 : check-words ( words -- ) [ check-word ] each ;
 
+: check-article-title ( article -- )
+    article-title first LETTER?
+    [ "Article title must begin with a capital letter" throw ] unless ;
+
 : check-article ( article -- )
-    [
-        dup article-content
-        '[ _ check-rendering _ check-modules ]
-        assert-depth
+    [ with-interactive-vocabs ] vocabs-quot set
+    dup '[
+        _
+        [ check-article-title ]
+        [ article-content check-markup ] bi
     ] check-something ;
 
 : files>vocabs ( -- assoc )
@@ -135,7 +178,7 @@ M: help-error error.
     ] keep ;
 
 : check-about ( vocab -- )
-    [ vocab-help [ article drop ] when* ] check-something ;
+    dup '[ _ vocab-help [ article drop ] when* ] check-something ;
 
 : check-vocab ( vocab -- seq )
     "Checking " write dup write "..." print
diff --git a/basis/help/tutorial/tutorial.factor b/basis/help/tutorial/tutorial.factor
index 9ed36ac77c..efb1e0a0f7 100644
--- a/basis/help/tutorial/tutorial.factor
+++ b/basis/help/tutorial/tutorial.factor
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ ARTICLE: "first-program-logic" "Writing some logic in your first program"
     "! See http://factorcode.org/license.txt for BSD license."
     "IN: palindrome"
 }
-"We will now write our first word using " { $link POSTPONE: : } ". This word will test if a string is a palindrome; it will take a string as input, and give back a  boolean as output. We will call this word " { $snippet "palindrome?" } ", following a naming convention that words returning booleans have names ending with " { $snippet "?" } "."
+"We will now write our first word using " { $link POSTPONE: : } ". This word will test if a string is a palindrome; it will take a string as input, and give back a boolean as output. We will call this word " { $snippet "palindrome?" } ", following a naming convention that words returning booleans have names ending with " { $snippet "?" } "."
 $nl
 "Recall that a string is a palindrome if it is spelled the same forwards or backwards; that is, if the string is equal to its reverse. We can express this in Factor as follows:"
 { $code ": palindrome? ( string -- ? ) dup reverse = ;" }
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ $nl
 "For example, we'd like it to identify the following as a palindrome:"
 { $code "\"A man, a plan, a canal: Panama.\"" }
 "However, right now, the simplistic algorithm we use says this is not a palindrome:"
-{ $example "\"A man, a plan, a canal: Panama.\" palindrome?" "f" }
+{ $unchecked-example "\"A man, a plan, a canal: Panama.\" palindrome?" "f" }
 "We would like it to output " { $link t } " there. We can encode this requirement with a unit test that we add to " { $snippet "palindrome-tests.factor" } ":"
 { $code "[ t ] [ \"A man, a plan, a canal: Panama.\" palindrome? ] unit-test" }
 "If you now run unit tests, you will see a unit test failure:"
@@ -106,12 +106,12 @@ $nl
 "Start by pushing a character on the stack; notice that characters are really just integers:"
 { $code "CHAR: a" }
 "Now, use the " { $link Letter? } " word to test if it is an alphabetical character, upper or lower case:"
-{ $example "Letter? ." "t" }
+{ $unchecked-example "Letter? ." "t" }
 "This gives the expected result."
 $nl
 "Now try with a non-alphabetical character:"
 { $code "CHAR: #" }
-{ $example "Letter? ." "f" }
+{ $unchecked-example "Letter? ." "f" }
 "What we want to do is given a string, remove all characters which do not match the " { $link Letter? } " predicate. Let's push a string on the stack:"
 { $code "\"A man, a plan, a canal: Panama.\"" }
 "Now, place a quotation containing " { $link Letter? } " on the stack; quoting code places it on the stack instead of executing it immediately:"
diff --git a/basis/html/components/components-docs.factor b/basis/html/components/components-docs.factor
index d131cc3e03..39c17a4708 100644
--- a/basis/html/components/components-docs.factor
+++ b/basis/html/components/components-docs.factor
@@ -70,8 +70,8 @@ HELP: render
 { $description "Renders an HTML component to the " { $link output-stream } "." } ;
 
 HELP: render*
-{ $values { "value" "a value" } { "name" "a value name" } { "renderer" "a component renderer" } }
-{ $contract "Renders an HTML component to the " { $link output-stream } "." } ;
+{ $values { "value" "a value" } { "name" "a value name" } { "renderer" "a component renderer" } { "xml" "an XML chunk" } }
+{ $contract "Renders an HTML component, outputting an XHTML snippet." } ;
 
 ARTICLE: "html.components" "HTML components"
 "The " { $vocab-link "html.components" } " vocabulary provides various HTML form components."
diff --git a/basis/html/components/components-tests.factor b/basis/html/components/components-tests.factor
index b4247e6e30..09bb5860ad 100644
--- a/basis/html/components/components-tests.factor
+++ b/basis/html/components/components-tests.factor
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ TUPLE: color red green blue ;
     ] with-string-writer
 ] unit-test
 
-[ "<input type='hidden' name='red' value='<jimmy>'/>" ] [
+[ "<input value=\"&lt;jimmy>\" name=\"red\" type=\"hidden\"/>" ] [
     [
         "red" hidden render
     ] with-string-writer
@@ -39,13 +39,13 @@ TUPLE: color red green blue ;
 
 [ ] [ "'jimmy'" "red" set-value ] unit-test
 
-[ "<input type='text' size='5' name='red' value='&apos;jimmy&apos;'/>" ] [
+[ "<input value=\"&apos;jimmy&apos;\" name=\"red\" size=\"5\" type=\"text\"/>" ] [
     [
         "red" <field> 5 >>size render
     ] with-string-writer
 ] unit-test
 
-[ "<input type='password' size='5' name='red' value=''/>" ] [
+[ "<input value=\"\" name=\"red\" size=\"5\" type=\"password\"/>" ] [
     [
         "red" <password> 5 >>size render
     ] with-string-writer
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ TUPLE: color red green blue ;
 
 [ ] [ t "delivery" set-value ] unit-test
 
-[ "<input type='checkbox' name='delivery' checked='true'>Delivery</input>" ] [
+[ "<input type=\"checkbox\" checked=\"true\" name=\"delivery\">Delivery</input>" ] [
     [
         "delivery"
         <checkbox>
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ TUPLE: color red green blue ;
 
 [ ] [ f "delivery" set-value ] unit-test
 
-[ "<input type='checkbox' name='delivery'>Delivery</input>" ] [
+[ "<input type=\"checkbox\" name=\"delivery\">Delivery</input>" ] [
     [
         "delivery"
         <checkbox>
@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ M: link-test link-href drop "http://www.apple.com/foo&bar" ;
 
 [ ] [ link-test "link" set-value ] unit-test
 
-[ "<a href='http://www.apple.com/foo&amp;bar'>&lt;Link Title&gt;</a>" ] [
+[ "<a href=\"http://www.apple.com/foo&amp;bar\">&lt;Link Title&gt;</a>" ] [
     [ "link" link new render ] with-string-writer
 ] unit-test
 
@@ -149,7 +149,7 @@ M: link-test link-href drop "http://www.apple.com/foo&bar" ;
 
 [ ] [ "java" "mode" set-value ] unit-test
 
-[ "<span class='KEYWORD3'>int</span> x <span class='OPERATOR'>=</span> <span class='DIGIT'>4</span>;\n" ] [
+[ "<span class=\"KEYWORD3\">int</span> x <span class=\"OPERATOR\">=</span> <span class=\"DIGIT\">4</span>;" ] [
     [ "code" <code> "mode" >>mode render ] with-string-writer
 ] unit-test
 
@@ -163,6 +163,8 @@ M: link-test link-href drop "http://www.apple.com/foo&bar" ;
 
 [ t ] [
     [ "object" inspector render ] with-string-writer
+    USING: splitting sequences ;
+    "\"" split "'" join ! replace " with ' for now
     [ "object" value [ describe ] with-html-writer ] with-string-writer
     =
 ] unit-test
diff --git a/basis/html/components/components.factor b/basis/html/components/components.factor
index 6f35ba5d97..c8a4b20ca7 100644
--- a/basis/html/components/components.factor
+++ b/basis/html/components/components.factor
@@ -4,12 +4,12 @@ USING: accessors kernel namespaces io math.parser assocs classes
 classes.tuple words arrays sequences splitting mirrors
 hashtables combinators continuations math strings inspector
 fry locals calendar calendar.format xml.entities
-validators urls present
-xmode.code2html lcs.diff2html farkup
+validators urls present xml.writer xml.interpolate xml
+xmode.code2html lcs.diff2html farkup io.streams.string
 html.elements html.streams html.forms ;
 IN: html.components
 
-GENERIC: render* ( value name renderer -- )
+GENERIC: render* ( value name renderer -- xml )
 
 : render ( name renderer -- )
     prepare-value
@@ -19,38 +19,36 @@ GENERIC: render* ( value name renderer -- )
         [ f swap ]
         if
     ] 2dip
-    render*
+    render* write-xml-chunk
     [ render-error ] when* ;
 
 <PRIVATE
 
-: render-input ( value name type -- )
-    <input =type =name present =value input/> ;
+: render-input ( value name type -- xml )
+    [XML <input value=<-> name=<-> type=<->/> XML] ;
 
 PRIVATE>
 
 SINGLETON: label
 
-M: label render* 2drop present escape-string write ;
+M: label render*
+    2drop present ;
 
 SINGLETON: hidden
 
-M: hidden render* drop "hidden" render-input ;
+M: hidden render*
+    drop "hidden" render-input ;
 
-: render-field ( value name size type -- )
-    <input
-        =type
-        [ present =size ] when*
-        =name
-        present =value
-    input/> ;
+: render-field ( value name size type -- xml )
+    [XML <input value=<-> name=<-> size=<-> type=<->/> XML] ;
 
 TUPLE: field size ;
 
 : <field> ( -- field )
     field new ;
 
-M: field render* size>> "text" render-field ;
+M: field render*
+    size>> "text" render-field ;
 
 TUPLE: password size ;
 
@@ -67,14 +65,12 @@ TUPLE: textarea rows cols ;
 : <textarea> ( -- renderer )
     textarea new ;
 
-M: textarea render*
-    <textarea
-        [ rows>> [ present =rows ] when* ]
-        [ cols>> [ present =cols ] when* ] bi
-        =name
-    textarea>
-        present escape-string write
-    </textarea> ;
+M: textarea render* ( value name area -- xml )
+    rot [ [ rows>> ] [ cols>> ] bi ] dip
+    [XML <textarea
+            name=<->
+            rows=<->
+            cols=<->><-></textarea> XML] ;
 
 ! Choice
 TUPLE: choice size multiple choices ;
@@ -82,24 +78,23 @@ TUPLE: choice size multiple choices ;
 : <choice> ( -- choice )
     choice new ;
 
-: render-option ( text selected? -- )
-    <option [ "selected" =selected ] when option>
-        present escape-string write
-    </option> ;
+: render-option ( text selected? -- xml )
+    "selected" and swap
+    [XML <option selected=<->><-></option> XML] ;
 
-: render-options ( options selected -- )
-    '[ dup _ member? render-option ] each ;
+: render-options ( value choice -- xml )
+    [ choices>> value ] [ multiple>> ] bi
+    [ swap ] [ swap 1array ] if
+    '[ dup _ member? render-option ] map ;
 
-M: choice render*
-    <select
-        swap =name
-        dup size>> [ present =size ] when*
-        dup multiple>> [ "true" =multiple ] when
-    select>
-        [ choices>> value ] [ multiple>> ] bi
-        [ swap ] [ swap 1array ] if
-        render-options
-    </select> ;
+M:: choice render* ( value name choice -- xml )
+    choice size>> :> size
+    choice multiple>> "true" and :> multiple
+    value choice render-options :> contents
+    [XML <select
+        name=<-name->
+        size=<-size->
+        multiple=<-multiple->><-contents-></select> XML] ;
 
 ! Checkboxes
 TUPLE: checkbox label ;
@@ -108,13 +103,10 @@ TUPLE: checkbox label ;
     checkbox new ;
 
 M: checkbox render*
-    <input
-        "checkbox" =type
-        swap =name
-        swap [ "true" =checked ] when
-    input>
-        label>> escape-string write
-    </input> ;
+    [ "true" and ] [ ] [ label>> ] tri*
+    [XML <input
+        type="checkbox"
+        checked=<-> name=<->><-></input> XML] ;
 
 ! Link components
 GENERIC: link-title ( obj -- string )
@@ -129,10 +121,9 @@ M: url link-href ;
 TUPLE: link target ;
 
 M: link render*
-    nip
-    <a target>> [ =target ] when* dup link-href =href a>
-        link-title present escape-string write
-    </a> ;
+    nip swap
+    [ target>> ] [ [ link-href ] [ link-title ] bi ] bi*
+    [XML <a target=<-> href=<->><-></a> XML] ;
 
 ! XMode code component
 TUPLE: code mode ;
@@ -161,7 +152,7 @@ M: farkup render*
         nip
         [ no-follow>> [ string>boolean link-no-follow? set ] when* ]
         [ disable-images>> [ string>boolean disable-images? set ] when* ]
-        [ parsed>> string>boolean [ (write-farkup) ] [ write-farkup ] if ]
+        [ parsed>> string>boolean [ (write-farkup) ] [ farkup>xml ] if ]
         tri
     ] with-scope ;
 
@@ -169,7 +160,8 @@ M: farkup render*
 SINGLETON: inspector
 
 M: inspector render*
-    2drop [ describe ] with-html-writer ;
+    2drop [ [ describe ] with-html-writer ] with-string-writer
+    string>xml-chunk ;
 
 ! Diff component
 SINGLETON: comparison
@@ -180,4 +172,4 @@ M: comparison render*
 ! HTML component
 SINGLETON: html
 
-M: html render* 2drop write ;
+M: html render* 2drop string>xml-chunk ;
diff --git a/basis/html/elements/elements-docs.factor b/basis/html/elements/elements-docs.factor
index f6e15e46cd..dab9376413 100644
--- a/basis/html/elements/elements-docs.factor
+++ b/basis/html/elements/elements-docs.factor
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ $nl
 { $code "<a =href a> \"Click me\" write </a>" }
 { $code "<a \"http://\" prepend =href a> \"click\" write </a>" }
 { $code "<a [ \"http://\" % % ] \"\" make =href a> \"click\" write </a>" }
-"Tags that have no ``closing'' equivalent have a trailing " { $snippet "tag/>" } " form:"
+"Tags that have no “closing” equivalent have a trailing " { $snippet "tag/>" } " form:"
 { $code "<input \"text\" =type \"name\" =name 20 =size input/>" }
 "For the full list of HTML tags and attributes, consult the word list for the " { $vocab-link "html.elements" } " vocabulary. In addition to HTML tag and attribute words, a few utilities are provided."
 $nl
diff --git a/basis/html/templates/chloe/chloe-tests.factor b/basis/html/templates/chloe/chloe-tests.factor
index 542dfa0e05..19b67f7018 100644
--- a/basis/html/templates/chloe/chloe-tests.factor
+++ b/basis/html/templates/chloe/chloe-tests.factor
@@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ TUPLE: person first-name last-name ;
     "true" "b" set-value
 ] unit-test
 
-[ "<input type='checkbox' name='a'>a</input><input type='checkbox' name='b' checked='true'>b</input>" ] [
+[ "<input type=\"checkbox\" name=\"a\">a</input><input type=\"checkbox\" checked=\"true\" name=\"b\">b</input>" ] [
     [
         "test12" test-template call-template
     ] run-template
diff --git a/basis/http/http-docs.factor b/basis/http/http-docs.factor
index 943d1063f9..fc3f65fa56 100644
--- a/basis/http/http-docs.factor
+++ b/basis/http/http-docs.factor
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ $nl
 { $table
     { { $slot "version" } { "The HTTP version. Default is " { $snippet "1.1" } " and should not be changed without good reason." } }
     { { $slot "code" } { "HTTP status code, an " { $link integer } ". Examples are 200 for success, 404 for file not found, and so on." } }
-    { { $slot "message" } { "HTTP status message, only displayed to the user. If the status code is 200, the status message might be ``Success'', for example." } }
+    { { $slot "message" } { "HTTP status message, only displayed to the user. If the status code is 200, the status message might be “Success”, for example." } }
     { { $slot "header" } { "An assoc of HTTP header values. See " { $link "http.headers" } } }
     { { $slot "cookies" } { "A sequence of HTTP cookies. See " { $link "http.cookies" } } }
     { { $slot "content-type" } { "an HTTP content type" } }
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ $nl
 { $table
     { { $slot "version" } { "The HTTP version. Default is " { $snippet "1.1" } " and should not be changed without good reason." } }
     { { $slot "code" } { "HTTP status code, an " { $link integer } ". Examples are 200 for success, 404 for file not found, and so on." } }
-    { { $slot "message" } { "HTTP status message, only displayed to the user. If the status code is 200, the status message might be ``Success'', for example." } }
+    { { $slot "message" } { "HTTP status message, only displayed to the user. If the status code is 200, the status message might be “Success”, for example." } }
     { { $slot "body" } { "an HTTP response body" } }
 } } ;
 
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ $nl
 HELP: set-header
 { $values { "request/response" "a " { $link request } " or a " { $link response } } { "value" object } { "key" string } }
 { $description "Stores a value into the HTTP header of a request or response. The value can be any object supported by " { $link present } "." }
-{ $notes "This word always returns the same object that was input. This allows for a ``pipeline'' coding style, where several header parameters are set in a row." }
+{ $notes "This word always returns the same object that was input. This allows for a “pipeline” coding style, where several header parameters are set in a row." }
 { $side-effects "request/response" } ;
 
 ARTICLE: "http.cookies" "HTTP cookies"
diff --git a/basis/http/server/dispatchers/dispatchers-docs.factor b/basis/http/server/dispatchers/dispatchers-docs.factor
index 71842f6491..e0f7f20e69 100644
--- a/basis/http/server/dispatchers/dispatchers-docs.factor
+++ b/basis/http/server/dispatchers/dispatchers-docs.factor
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ main-responder set-global">
 }
 "In the above example, visiting any URL other than " { $snippet "/new" } ", " { $snippet "/edit" } ", " { $snippet "/delete" } ", or " { $snippet "/" } " will result in a 404 error."
 { $heading "Another pathname dispatcher" }
-"On the other hand, suppose we wanted to route all unrecognized paths to a ``view'' action:"
+"On the other hand, suppose we wanted to route all unrecognized paths to a “view” action:"
 { $code
     <" <dispatcher>
     <new-action> "new" add-responder
diff --git a/basis/http/server/server.factor b/basis/http/server/server.factor
index 8a5e695a70..c9ec2c7f3e 100755
--- a/basis/http/server/server.factor
+++ b/basis/http/server/server.factor
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ ERROR: no-boundary ;
     ";" split1 nip
     "=" split1 nip [ no-boundary ] unless* ;
 
-: read-multipart-data ( request -- form-variables uploaded-files )
+: read-multipart-data ( request -- mime-parts )
     [ "content-type" header ]
     [ "content-length" header string>number ] bi
     unlimit-input
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ ERROR: no-boundary ;
 
 : parse-content ( request content-type -- post-data )
     [ <post-data> swap ] keep {
-        { "multipart/form-data" [ read-multipart-data assoc-union >>params ] }
+        { "multipart/form-data" [ read-multipart-data >>params ] }
         { "application/x-www-form-urlencoded" [ read-content query>assoc >>params ] }
         [ drop read-content >>data ]
     } case ;
diff --git a/basis/interval-maps/interval-maps-docs.factor b/basis/interval-maps/interval-maps-docs.factor
index 1a862fbe2d..de18458546 100644
--- a/basis/interval-maps/interval-maps-docs.factor
+++ b/basis/interval-maps/interval-maps-docs.factor
@@ -18,7 +18,8 @@ HELP: <interval-map>
 { $description "From a specification, produce an interval tree. The specification is an assoc where the keys are intervals, or pairs of numbers to represent intervals, or individual numbers to represent singleton intervals. The values are the values int he interval map. Construction time is O(n log n)." } ;
 
 ARTICLE: "interval-maps" "Interval maps"
-"Interval maps are a mechanism, similar to assocs, where a set of closed intervals of keys are associated with values. As such, interval maps do not conform to the assoc protocol, because intervals of floats, for example, can be used, and it is impossible to get a list of keys in between."
+"The " { $vocab-link "interval-maps" } " vocabulary implements a data structure, similar to assocs, where a set of closed intervals of keys are associated with values. As such, interval maps do not conform to the assoc protocol, because intervals of floats, for example, can be used, and it is impossible to get a list of keys in between."
+$nl
 "The following operations are used to query interval maps:"
 { $subsection interval-at* }
 { $subsection interval-at }
diff --git a/basis/io/backend/windows/windows.factor b/basis/io/backend/windows/windows.factor
index e7c72edfd0..6ecbc49f2a 100755
--- a/basis/io/backend/windows/windows.factor
+++ b/basis/io/backend/windows/windows.factor
@@ -51,4 +51,4 @@ HOOK: add-completion io-backend ( port -- )
 : default-security-attributes ( -- obj )
     "SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES" <c-object>
     "SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES" heap-size
-    over set-SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES-nLength ;
+    over set-SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES-nLength ;
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/basis/io/directories/directories-docs.factor b/basis/io/directories/directories-docs.factor
index 1b4028c813..7318df9cac 100644
--- a/basis/io/directories/directories-docs.factor
+++ b/basis/io/directories/directories-docs.factor
@@ -5,13 +5,13 @@ IN: io.directories
 HELP: cwd
 { $values { "path" "a pathname string" } }
 { $description "Outputs the current working directory of the Factor process." }
-{ $errors "Windows CE has no concept of ``current directory'', so this word throws an error there." }
+{ $errors "Windows CE has no concept of “current directory”, so this word throws an error there." }
 { $notes "User code should use the value of the " { $link current-directory } " variable instead." } ;
 
 HELP: cd
 { $values { "path" "a pathname string" } }
 { $description "Changes the current working directory of the Factor process." }
-{ $errors "Windows CE has no concept of ``current directory'', so this word throws an error there." }
+{ $errors "Windows CE has no concept of “current directory”, so this word throws an error there." }
 { $notes "User code should use " { $link with-directory } " or " { $link set-current-directory } " instead." } ;
 
 { cd cwd current-directory set-current-directory with-directory } related-words
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ ARTICLE: "current-directory" "Current working directory"
 "This variable can be changed with a pair of words:"
 { $subsection set-current-directory }
 { $subsection with-directory }
-"This variable is independent of the operating system notion of ``current working directory''. While all Factor I/O operations use the variable and not the operating system's value, care must be taken when making FFI calls which expect a pathname. The first option is to resolve relative paths:"
+"This variable is independent of the operating system notion of “current working directory”. While all Factor I/O operations use the variable and not the operating system's value, care must be taken when making FFI calls which expect a pathname. The first option is to resolve relative paths:"
 { $subsection (normalize-path) }
 "The second is to change the working directory of the current process:"
 { $subsection cd }
diff --git a/basis/io/directories/search/search-tests.factor b/basis/io/directories/search/search-tests.factor
index 63c9483331..a8b8bf9215 100644
--- a/basis/io/directories/search/search-tests.factor
+++ b/basis/io/directories/search/search-tests.factor
@@ -4,8 +4,7 @@ IN: io.directories.search.tests
 
 [ t ] [
     [
-        10 [ "io.paths.test" "gogogo" make-unique-file* ] replicate
-        current-directory get t [ ] find-all-files
-    ] with-unique-directory
-    [ natural-sort ] bi@ =
+        10 [ "io.paths.test" "gogogo" make-unique-file ] replicate
+        current-temporary-directory get t [ ] find-all-files
+    ] with-unique-directory drop [ natural-sort ] bi@ =
 ] unit-test
diff --git a/basis/io/encodings/8-bit/8-bit-docs.factor b/basis/io/encodings/8-bit/8-bit-docs.factor
index 8f5e955998..9ba4fcf44d 100644
--- a/basis/io/encodings/8-bit/8-bit-docs.factor
+++ b/basis/io/encodings/8-bit/8-bit-docs.factor
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ USING: help.syntax help.markup io.encodings.8-bit.private
 strings ;
 IN: io.encodings.8-bit
 
-ARTICLE: "io.encodings.8-bit" "8-bit encodings"
+ARTICLE: "io.encodings.8-bit" "Legacy 8-bit encodings"
 "Many encodings are a simple mapping of bytes onto characters. The " { $vocab-link "io.encodings.8-bit" } " vocabulary implements these generically using existing resource files. These encodings should be used with extreme caution, as fully general Unicode encodings like UTF-8 are nearly always more appropriate. The following 8-bit encodings are already defined:"
 { $subsection latin1 }
 { $subsection latin2 }
diff --git a/basis/io/files/links/unix/unix-tests.factor b/basis/io/files/links/unix/unix-tests.factor
index b1d2c5b8fa..dd5eb5c8d9 100644
--- a/basis/io/files/links/unix/unix-tests.factor
+++ b/basis/io/files/links/unix/unix-tests.factor
@@ -9,24 +9,30 @@ IN: io.files.links.unix.tests
 
 [ t ] [
     [
-        5 "lol" make-test-links
-        "lol1" follow-links
-        current-directory get "lol5" append-path =
-    ] with-unique-directory
+        current-temporary-directory get [
+            5 "lol" make-test-links
+            "lol1" follow-links
+            current-temporary-directory get "lol5" append-path =
+        ] with-directory
+    ] cleanup-unique-directory
 ] unit-test
 
 [
     [
-        100 "laf" make-test-links "laf1" follow-links
+        current-temporary-directory get [
+            100 "laf" make-test-links "laf1" follow-links
+        ] with-directory
     ] with-unique-directory
 ] [ too-many-symlinks? ] must-fail-with
 
 [ t ] [
     110 symlink-depth [
         [
-            100 "laf" make-test-links
-            "laf1" follow-links
-            current-directory get "laf100" append-path =
-        ] with-unique-directory
+            current-temporary-directory get [
+                100 "laf" make-test-links
+                "laf1" follow-links
+                current-temporary-directory get "laf100" append-path =
+            ] with-directory
+        ] cleanup-unique-directory
     ] with-variable
 ] unit-test
diff --git a/basis/io/files/unique/unique-docs.factor b/basis/io/files/unique/unique-docs.factor
index 08836cf497..b8a4431a73 100644
--- a/basis/io/files/unique/unique-docs.factor
+++ b/basis/io/files/unique/unique-docs.factor
@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
 USING: help.markup help.syntax io io.ports kernel math
-io.pathnames io.directories math.parser io.files strings ;
+io.pathnames io.directories math.parser io.files strings
+quotations io.files.unique.private ;
 IN: io.files.unique
 
-HELP: temporary-path
+HELP: default-temporary-directory
 { $values
      { "path" "a pathname string" }
 }
@@ -25,42 +26,66 @@ HELP: unique-retries
 HELP: make-unique-file ( prefix suffix -- path )
 { $values { "prefix" "a string" } { "suffix" "a string" }
 { "path" "a pathname string" } }
-{ $description "Creates a file that is guaranteed not to exist in a platform-specific temporary directory. The file name is composed of a prefix, a number of random digits and letters, and the suffix. Returns the full pathname." }
+{ $description "Creates a file that is guaranteed not to exist in the directory stored in " { $link current-temporary-directory } ". The file name is composed of a prefix, a number of random digits and letters, and the suffix. Returns the full pathname." }
 { $errors "Throws an error if a new unique file cannot be created after a number of tries. The most likely error is incorrect directory permissions on the temporary directory." } ;
 
-HELP: make-unique-file*
-{ $values
-     { "prefix" string } { "suffix" string }
-     { "path" "a pathname string" }
-}
-{ $description "Creates a file that is guaranteed not to exist in the directory in the " { $link current-directory } " variable. The file name is composed of a prefix, a number of random digits and letters, and the suffix. Returns the full pathname." } ;
+{ unique-file make-unique-file cleanup-unique-file } related-words
 
-{ make-unique-file make-unique-file* with-unique-file } related-words
-
-HELP: with-unique-file ( prefix suffix quot: ( path -- ) -- )
+HELP: cleanup-unique-file ( prefix suffix quot: ( path -- ) -- )
 { $values { "prefix" "a string" } { "suffix" "a string" }
 { "quot" "a quotation" } }
 { $description "Creates a file with " { $link make-unique-file } " and calls the quotation with the path name on the stack." }
 { $notes "The unique file will be deleted after calling this word." } ;
 
-HELP: make-unique-directory ( -- path )
+HELP: unique-directory ( -- path )
 { $values { "path" "a pathname string" } }
-{ $description "Creates a directory that is guaranteed not to exist in a platform-specific temporary directory and returns the full pathname." }
+{ $description "Creates a directory in the value in " { $link current-temporary-directory } " that is guaranteed not to exist in and returns the full pathname." }
 { $errors "Throws an error if the directory cannot be created after a number of tries. The most likely error is incorrect directory permissions on the temporary directory." } ;
 
-HELP: with-unique-directory ( quot -- )
+HELP: cleanup-unique-directory ( quot -- )
 { $values { "quot" "a quotation" } }
-{ $description "Creates a directory with " { $link make-unique-directory } " and calls the quotation with the pathname on the stack using the " { $link with-directory } " combinator. The quotation can access the " { $link current-directory } " symbol for the name of the temporary directory." }
-{ $notes "The directory will be deleted after calling this word, even if an error is thrown in the quotation." } ;
+{ $description "Creates a directory with " { $link unique-directory } " and calls the quotation with the pathname on the stack using the " { $link with-temporary-directory } " combinator. The quotation can access the " { $link current-temporary-directory } " symbol for the name of the temporary directory. Subsequent unique files will be created in this unique directory until the combinator returns." }
+{ $notes "The directory will be deleted after calling this word, even if an error is thrown in the quotation. This combinator is like " { $link with-unique-directory } " but does not delete the directory." } ;
 
-ARTICLE: "io.files.unique" "Temporary files"
-"The " { $vocab-link "io.files.unique" } " vocabulary implements cross-platform temporary file creation in a high-level and secure way." $nl
-"Creating temporary files:"
+HELP: with-unique-directory
+{ $values
+     { "quot" quotation }
+     { "path" "a pathname string" }
+}
+{ $description "Creates a directory with " { $link unique-directory } " and calls the quotation with the pathname on the stack using the " { $link with-temporary-directory } " combinator. The quotation can access the " { $link current-temporary-directory } " symbol for the name of the temporary directory. Subsequent unique files will be created in this unique directory until the combinator returns." } ;
+
+HELP: current-temporary-directory
+{ $values
+     { "value" "a path" }
+}
+{ $description "The temporary directory used for creating unique files and directories." } ;
+
+HELP: unique-file
+{ $values
+     { "path" "a pathname string" }
+     { "path'" "a pathname string" }
+}
+{ $description "Creates a temporary file in the directory stored in " { $link current-temporary-directory } " and outputs the path name." } ;
+
+HELP: with-temporary-directory
+{ $values
+     { "path" "a pathname string" } { "quot" quotation }
+}
+{ $description "Sets " { $link current-temporary-directory } " to " { $snippet "path" } " and calls the quotation, restoring the previous temporary path after execution completes." } ;
+
+ARTICLE: "io.files.unique" "Unique files"
+"The " { $vocab-link "io.files.unique" } " vocabulary implements cross-platform unique file creation in temporary directories in a high-level and secure way." $nl
+"Changing the temporary path:"
+{ $subsection current-temporary-directory }
+"Creating unique files:"
+{ $subsection unique-file }
+{ $subsection cleanup-unique-file }
 { $subsection make-unique-file }
-{ $subsection make-unique-file* }
-{ $subsection with-unique-file }
-"Creating temporary directories:"
-{ $subsection make-unique-directory }
-{ $subsection with-unique-directory } ;
+"Creating unique directories:"
+{ $subsection unique-directory }
+{ $subsection with-unique-directory }
+{ $subsection cleanup-unique-directory }
+"Default temporary directory:"
+{ $subsection default-temporary-directory } ;
 
 ABOUT: "io.files.unique"
diff --git a/basis/io/files/unique/unique-tests.factor b/basis/io/files/unique/unique-tests.factor
index 8f2e32cea2..fd8cf2c69f 100644
--- a/basis/io/files/unique/unique-tests.factor
+++ b/basis/io/files/unique/unique-tests.factor
@@ -1,21 +1,41 @@
 USING: io.encodings.ascii sequences strings io io.files accessors
 tools.test kernel io.files.unique namespaces continuations
-io.files.info io.pathnames ;
+io.files.info io.pathnames io.directories ;
 IN: io.files.unique.tests
 
 [ 123 ] [
     "core" ".test" [
         [ [ 123 CHAR: a <repetition> ] dip ascii set-file-contents ]
         [ file-info size>> ] bi
-    ] with-unique-file
+    ] cleanup-unique-file
 ] unit-test
 
 [ t ] [
-    [ current-directory get file-info directory? ] with-unique-directory
+    [ current-directory get file-info directory? ] cleanup-unique-directory
 ] unit-test
 
 [ t ] [
     current-directory get
-    [ [ "FAILDOG" throw ] with-unique-directory ] [ drop ] recover
+    [ [ "FAILDOG" throw ] cleanup-unique-directory ] [ drop ] recover
     current-directory get =
 ] unit-test
+
+[ t ] [
+    [
+        "asdf" unique-file drop
+        "asdf2" unique-file drop
+        current-temporary-directory get directory-files length 2 =
+    ] cleanup-unique-directory
+] unit-test
+
+[ t ] [
+    [ ] with-unique-directory >boolean
+] unit-test
+
+[ t ] [
+    [
+        "asdf" unique-file drop
+        "asdf" unique-file drop
+        current-temporary-directory get directory-files length 2 =
+    ] with-unique-directory drop
+] unit-test
diff --git a/basis/io/files/unique/unique.factor b/basis/io/files/unique/unique.factor
index 02f4d6080c..7bd96aa63b 100644
--- a/basis/io/files/unique/unique.factor
+++ b/basis/io/files/unique/unique.factor
@@ -6,8 +6,13 @@ kernel math math.bitwise math.parser namespaces random
 sequences system vocabs.loader ;
 IN: io.files.unique
 
-HOOK: touch-unique-file io-backend ( path -- )
-HOOK: temporary-path io-backend ( -- path )
+HOOK: (touch-unique-file) io-backend ( path -- )
+: touch-unique-file ( path -- )
+    normalize-path (touch-unique-file) ;
+
+HOOK: default-temporary-directory io-backend ( -- path )
+
+SYMBOL: current-temporary-directory
 
 SYMBOL: unique-length
 SYMBOL: unique-retries
@@ -15,6 +20,9 @@ SYMBOL: unique-retries
 10 unique-length set-global
 10 unique-retries set-global
 
+: with-temporary-directory ( path quot -- )
+    [ current-temporary-directory ] dip with-variable ; inline
+
 <PRIVATE
 
 : random-letter ( -- ch )
@@ -24,37 +32,44 @@ SYMBOL: unique-retries
     { t f } random
     [ 10 random CHAR: 0 + ] [ random-letter ] if ;
 
-: random-name ( n -- string )
-    [ random-ch ] "" replicate-as ;
-
-PRIVATE>
+: random-name ( -- string )
+    unique-length get [ random-ch ] "" replicate-as ;
 
 : (make-unique-file) ( path prefix suffix -- path )
     '[
-        _ _ _ unique-length get random-name glue append-path
+        _ _ _ random-name glue append-path
         dup touch-unique-file
     ] unique-retries get retry ;
 
+PRIVATE>
+
 : make-unique-file ( prefix suffix -- path )
-    [ temporary-path ] 2dip (make-unique-file) ;
+    [ current-temporary-directory get ] 2dip (make-unique-file) ;
 
-: make-unique-file* ( prefix suffix -- path )
-    [ current-directory get ] 2dip (make-unique-file) ;
-
-: with-unique-file ( prefix suffix quot: ( path -- ) -- )
+: cleanup-unique-file ( prefix suffix quot: ( path -- ) -- )
     [ make-unique-file ] dip [ delete-file ] bi ; inline
 
-: make-unique-directory ( -- path )
+: unique-directory ( -- path )
     [
-        temporary-path unique-length get random-name append-path
+        current-temporary-directory get
+        random-name append-path
         dup make-directory
     ] unique-retries get retry ;
 
-: with-unique-directory ( quot: ( -- ) -- )
-    [ make-unique-directory ] dip
-    '[ _ with-directory ] [ delete-tree ] bi ; inline
+: with-unique-directory ( quot -- path )
+    [ unique-directory ] dip
+    [ with-temporary-directory ] [ drop ] 2bi ; inline
+
+: cleanup-unique-directory ( quot: ( -- ) -- )
+    [ unique-directory ] dip
+    '[ _ with-temporary-directory ] [ delete-tree ] bi ; inline
+
+: unique-file ( path -- path' )
+    "" make-unique-file ;
 
 {
     { [ os unix? ] [ "io.files.unique.unix" ] }
     { [ os windows? ] [ "io.files.unique.windows" ] }
 } cond require
+
+default-temporary-directory current-temporary-directory set-global
diff --git a/basis/io/files/unique/unix/unix.factor b/basis/io/files/unique/unix/unix.factor
index ed4e120b79..9f35f440c7 100644
--- a/basis/io/files/unique/unix/unix.factor
+++ b/basis/io/files/unique/unix/unix.factor
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ IN: io.files.unique.unix
 : open-unique-flags ( -- flags )
     { O_RDWR O_CREAT O_EXCL } flags ;
 
-M: unix touch-unique-file ( path -- )
+M: unix (touch-unique-file) ( path -- )
     open-unique-flags file-mode open-file close-file ;
 
-M: unix temporary-path ( -- path ) "/tmp" ;
+M: unix default-temporary-directory ( -- path ) "/tmp" ;
diff --git a/basis/io/files/unique/windows/windows.factor b/basis/io/files/unique/windows/windows.factor
index 47f30999c3..2c722426dc 100644
--- a/basis/io/files/unique/windows/windows.factor
+++ b/basis/io/files/unique/windows/windows.factor
@@ -3,8 +3,8 @@ io.files.windows io.ports windows destructors environment
 io.files.unique ;
 IN: io.files.unique.windows
 
-M: windows touch-unique-file ( path -- )
+M: windows (touch-unique-file) ( path -- )
     GENERIC_WRITE CREATE_NEW 0 open-file dispose ;
 
-M: windows temporary-path ( -- path )
+M: windows default-temporary-directory ( -- path )
     "TEMP" os-env ;
diff --git a/basis/io/monitors/linux/linux-tests.factor b/basis/io/monitors/linux/linux-tests.factor
index 67558942f8..10b3801ea9 100644
--- a/basis/io/monitors/linux/linux-tests.factor
+++ b/basis/io/monitors/linux/linux-tests.factor
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ destructors io.timeouts ;
     [ ] [ "monitor-test-self" temp-file touch-file ] unit-test
 
     [ t ] [
-        "m" get next-change drop
+        "m" get next-change path>>
         [ "" = ] [ "monitor-test-self" temp-file = ] bi or
     ] unit-test
 
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ destructors io.timeouts ;
     [ ] [ "monitor-test-self" temp-file touch-file ] unit-test
 
     [ t ] [
-        "m" get next-change drop
+        "m" get next-change path>>
         [ "" = ] [ "monitor-test-self" temp-file = ] bi or
     ] unit-test
 
diff --git a/basis/io/monitors/monitors-docs.factor b/basis/io/monitors/monitors-docs.factor
index 3242b276e6..f0278e300e 100644
--- a/basis/io/monitors/monitors-docs.factor
+++ b/basis/io/monitors/monitors-docs.factor
@@ -17,9 +17,12 @@ HELP: (monitor)
 { $contract "Opens a file system change monitor which listens for changes on " { $snippet "path" } " and posts notifications to " { $snippet "mailbox" } " as triples with shape " { $snippet "{ path changed monitor } " } ". The boolean indicates whether changes in subdirectories should be reported." }
 { $errors "Throws an error if the pathname does not exist, if a monitor could not be created or if the platform does not support monitors." } ;
 
+HELP: file-change
+{ $class-description "A change notification output by " { $link next-change } ". The " { $snippet "path" } " slot holds a pathname string. The " { $snippet "changed" } " slots holds a sequence of symbols documented in " { $link "io.monitors.descriptors" } "." } ;
+
 HELP: next-change
-{ $values { "monitor" "a monitor" } { "path" "a pathname string" } { "changed" "a change descriptor" } }
-{ $contract "Waits for file system changes and outputs the pathname of the first changed file. The change descriptor is a sequence of symbols documented in " { $link "io.monitors.descriptors" } "." }
+{ $values { "monitor" "a monitor" } { "change" file-change } }
+{ $contract "Waits for file system changes and outputs a change descriptor for the first changed file." }
 { $errors "Throws an error if the monitor is closed from another thread." } ;
 
 HELP: with-monitor
@@ -46,7 +49,9 @@ HELP: +rename-file+
 { $description "Indicates that a file has been renamed." } ;
 
 ARTICLE: "io.monitors.descriptors" "File system change descriptors"
-"Change descriptors output by " { $link next-change } ":"
+"The " { $link next-change } " word outputs instances of a class:"
+{ $subsection file-change }
+"The " { $slot "changed" } " slot holds a sequence which may contain any of the following symbols:"
 { $subsection +add-file+ }
 { $subsection +remove-file+ }
 { $subsection +modify-file+ }
@@ -55,7 +60,7 @@ ARTICLE: "io.monitors.descriptors" "File system change descriptors"
 { $subsection +rename-file+ } ;
 
 ARTICLE: "io.monitors.platforms" "Monitors on different platforms"
-"Whether the " { $snippet "path" } " output value of " { $link next-change } " contains an absolute path or a path relative to the path given to " { $link <monitor> } " is unspecified, and may even vary on the same platform. User code should not assume either case."
+"Whether the " { $slot "path" } " slot of a " { $link file-change } " contains an absolute path or a path relative to the path given to " { $link <monitor> } " is unspecified, and may even vary on the same platform. User code should not assume either case."
 $nl
 "If the immediate path being monitored was changed, then " { $snippet "path" } " will equal " { $snippet "\"\"" } "; however this condition is not reported on all platforms. See below."
 { $heading "Mac OS X" }
@@ -63,7 +68,7 @@ $nl
 $nl
 { $snippet "FSEventStream" } "s always monitor directory hierarchies recursively, and the " { $snippet "recursive?" } " parameter to " { $link <monitor> } " has no effect."
 $nl
-"The " { $snippet "changed" } " output value of the " { $link next-change } " word always outputs " { $link +modify-file+ } " and the " { $snippet "path" } " output value is always the directory containing the file that changed. Unlike other platforms, fine-grained information is not available."
+"The " { $snippet "changed" } " slot of the " { $link file-change } " word tuple always contains " { $link +modify-file+ } " and the " { $snippet "path" } " slot is always the directory containing the file that changed. Unlike other platforms, fine-grained information is not available."
 $nl
 "Only directories may be monitored, not individual files. Changes to the directory itself (permissions, modification time, and so on) are not reported; only changes to children are reported."
 { $heading "Windows" }
@@ -107,7 +112,7 @@ $nl
 { $code
     "USE: io.monitors"
     ": watch-loop ( monitor -- )"
-    "    dup next-change . . nl nl flush watch-loop ;"
+    "    dup next-change . nl nl flush watch-loop ;"
     ""
     ": watch-directory ( path -- )"
     "    [ t [ watch-loop ] with-monitor ] with-monitors"
diff --git a/basis/io/monitors/monitors-tests.factor b/basis/io/monitors/monitors-tests.factor
index 9efa785061..7c50a4e637 100644
--- a/basis/io/monitors/monitors-tests.factor
+++ b/basis/io/monitors/monitors-tests.factor
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ USING: io.monitors tools.test io.files system sequences
 continuations namespaces concurrency.count-downs kernel io
 threads calendar prettyprint destructors io.timeouts
 io.files.temp io.directories io.directories.hierarchy
-io.pathnames ;
+io.pathnames accessors ;
 
 os { winnt linux macosx } member? [
     [
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ os { winnt linux macosx } member? [
                 "b" get count-down
 
                 [
-                    "m" get next-change drop
+                    "m" get next-change path>>
                     dup print flush
                     dup parent-directory
                     [ trim-right-separators "xyz" tail? ] either? not
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ os { winnt linux macosx } member? [
                 "c1" get count-down
                 
                 [
-                    "m" get next-change drop
+                    "m" get next-change path>>
                     dup print flush
                     dup parent-directory
                     [ trim-right-separators "yxy" tail? ] either? not
@@ -101,13 +101,13 @@ os { winnt linux macosx } member? [
         ! Non-recursive
         [ ] [ "monitor-timeout-test" temp-file f <monitor> "m" set ] unit-test
         [ ] [ 3 seconds "m" get set-timeout ] unit-test
-        [ [ t ] [ "m" get next-change 2drop ] [ ] while ] must-fail
+        [ [ t ] [ "m" get next-change drop ] [ ] while ] must-fail
         [ ] [ "m" get dispose ] unit-test
 
         ! Recursive
         [ ] [ "monitor-timeout-test" temp-file t <monitor> "m" set ] unit-test
         [ ] [ 3 seconds "m" get set-timeout ] unit-test
-        [ [ t ] [ "m" get next-change 2drop ] [ ] while ] must-fail
+        [ [ t ] [ "m" get next-change drop ] [ ] while ] must-fail
         [ ] [ "m" get dispose ] unit-test
     ] with-monitors
 ] when
diff --git a/basis/io/monitors/monitors.factor b/basis/io/monitors/monitors.factor
index e225e45430..7d40a1563a 100644
--- a/basis/io/monitors/monitors.factor
+++ b/basis/io/monitors/monitors.factor
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
-! Copyright (C) 2008 Slava Pestov.
+! Copyright (C) 2008, 2009 Slava Pestov.
 ! See http://factorcode.org/license.txt for BSD license.
 USING: io.backend kernel continuations destructors namespaces
 sequences assocs hashtables sorting arrays threads boxes
-io.timeouts accessors concurrency.mailboxes
+io.timeouts accessors concurrency.mailboxes fry
 system vocabs.loader combinators ;
 IN: io.monitors
 
@@ -33,17 +33,19 @@ M: monitor set-timeout (>>timeout) ;
         swap >>queue
         swap >>path ; inline
 
+TUPLE: file-change path changed monitor ;
+
 : queue-change ( path changes monitor -- )
     3dup and and
-    [ [ 3array ] keep queue>> mailbox-put ] [ 3drop ] if ;
+    [ [ file-change boa ] keep queue>> mailbox-put ] [ 3drop ] if ;
 
 HOOK: (monitor) io-backend ( path recursive? mailbox -- monitor )
 
 : <monitor> ( path recursive? -- monitor )
     <mailbox> (monitor) ;
 
-: next-change ( monitor -- path changed )
-    [ queue>> ] [ timeout ] bi mailbox-get-timeout first2 ;
+: next-change ( monitor -- change )
+    [ queue>> ] [ timeout ] bi mailbox-get-timeout ;
 
 SYMBOL: +add-file+
 SYMBOL: +remove-file+
@@ -55,9 +57,15 @@ SYMBOL: +rename-file+
 : with-monitor ( path recursive? quot -- )
     [ <monitor> ] dip with-disposal ; inline
 
+: run-monitor ( path recursive? quot -- )
+    '[ [ @ t ] loop ] with-monitor ; inline
+
+: spawn-monitor ( path recursive? quot -- )
+    [ '[ _ _ _ run-monitor ] ] [ 2drop "Monitoring " prepend ] 3bi
+    spawn drop ;
 {
     { [ os macosx? ] [ "io.monitors.macosx" require ] }
     { [ os linux? ] [ "io.monitors.linux" require ] }
     { [ os winnt? ] [ "io.monitors.windows.nt" require ] }
-    [ ]
+    { [ os bsd? ] [ ] }
 } cond
diff --git a/basis/io/monitors/recursive/recursive.factor b/basis/io/monitors/recursive/recursive.factor
index 18fa62f6d6..943345bf18 100644
--- a/basis/io/monitors/recursive/recursive.factor
+++ b/basis/io/monitors/recursive/recursive.factor
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-! Copyright (C) 2008 Slava Pestov.
+! Copyright (C) 2008, 2009 Slava Pestov.
 ! See http://factorcode.org/license.txt for BSD license.
 USING: accessors sequences assocs arrays continuations
 destructors combinators kernel threads concurrency.messaging
@@ -45,12 +45,11 @@ M: recursive-monitor dispose*
     bi ;
 
 : stop-pump ( -- )
-    monitor tget children>> [ nip dispose ] assoc-each ;
+    monitor tget children>> values dispose-each ;
 
 : pump-step ( msg -- )
-    first3 path>> swap [ prepend-path ] dip monitor tget 3array
-    monitor tget queue>>
-    mailbox-put ;
+    [ [ monitor>> path>> ] [ path>> ] bi append-path ] [ changed>> ] bi
+    monitor tget queue-change ;
 
 : child-added ( path monitor -- )
     path>> prepend-path add-child-monitor ;
@@ -59,7 +58,7 @@ M: recursive-monitor dispose*
     path>> prepend-path remove-child-monitor ;
 
 : update-hierarchy ( msg -- )
-    first3 swap [
+    [ path>> ] [ monitor>> ] [ changed>> ] tri [
         {
             { +add-file+ [ child-added ] }
             { +remove-file+ [ child-removed ] }
diff --git a/basis/io/pipes/pipes-docs.factor b/basis/io/pipes/pipes-docs.factor
index 221cce1dbe..1ba3c05a6a 100644
--- a/basis/io/pipes/pipes-docs.factor
+++ b/basis/io/pipes/pipes-docs.factor
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ HELP: run-pipeline
     }
 }
 { $examples
-    "Print the lines of a log file which contain the string ``error'', sort them and filter out duplicates, using Unix shell commands only:"
+    "Print the lines of a log file which contain the string “error”, sort them and filter out duplicates, using Unix shell commands only:"
     { $code "{ \"cat log.txt\" \"grep error\" \"sort\" \"uniq\" } run-pipeline" }
 } ;
 
diff --git a/basis/io/streams/limited/limited-docs.factor b/basis/io/streams/limited/limited-docs.factor
index 90f7860672..fac1232cc0 100755
--- a/basis/io/streams/limited/limited-docs.factor
+++ b/basis/io/streams/limited/limited-docs.factor
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ ARTICLE: "io.streams.limited" "Limited input streams"
 "Unlimits a limited stream:"
 { $subsection unlimit }
 "Unlimits the current " { $link input-stream } ":"
-{ $subsection limit-input }
+{ $subsection unlimit-input }
 "Make a limited stream throw an exception on exhaustion:"
 { $subsection stream-throws }
 "Make a limited stream return " { $link f } " on exhaustion:"
diff --git a/basis/io/streams/limited/limited-tests.factor b/basis/io/streams/limited/limited-tests.factor
index c88d52be81..feddc130e9 100644
--- a/basis/io/streams/limited/limited-tests.factor
+++ b/basis/io/streams/limited/limited-tests.factor
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 USING: io io.streams.limited io.encodings io.encodings.string
 io.encodings.ascii io.encodings.binary io.streams.byte-array
-namespaces tools.test strings kernel io.streams.string accessors ;
+namespaces tools.test strings kernel io.streams.string accessors
+io.encodings.utf8 io.files destructors ;
 IN: io.streams.limited.tests
 
 [ ] [
@@ -59,3 +60,19 @@ IN: io.streams.limited.tests
     "abc" <string-reader> 3 stream-eofs limit unlimit
     "abc" <string-reader> =
 ] unit-test
+
+[ t ]
+[
+    "abc" <string-reader> 3 stream-eofs limit unlimit
+    "abc" <string-reader> =
+] unit-test
+
+[ t ]
+[
+    [
+        "resource:license.txt" utf8 <file-reader> &dispose
+        3 stream-eofs limit unlimit
+        "resource:license.txt" utf8 <file-reader> &dispose
+        [ decoder? ] both?
+    ] with-destructors
+] unit-test
diff --git a/basis/io/streams/limited/limited.factor b/basis/io/streams/limited/limited.factor
index 71c6eb67d4..1237b3aba2 100755
--- a/basis/io/streams/limited/limited.factor
+++ b/basis/io/streams/limited/limited.factor
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ USING: kernel math io io.encodings destructors accessors
 sequences namespaces byte-vectors fry combinators ;
 IN: io.streams.limited
 
-TUPLE: limited-stream stream count limit mode ;
+TUPLE: limited-stream stream count limit mode stack ;
 
 SINGLETONS: stream-throws stream-eofs ;
 
@@ -24,13 +24,24 @@ M: decoder limit ( stream limit mode -- stream' )
 M: object limit ( stream limit mode -- stream' )
     <limited-stream> ;
 
-: unlimit ( stream -- stream' )
+GENERIC: unlimit ( stream -- stream' )
+
+M: decoder unlimit ( stream -- stream' )
     [ stream>> ] change-stream ;
 
+M: object unlimit ( stream -- stream' )
+    stream>> stream>> ;
+
 : limit-input ( limit mode -- ) input-stream [ -rot limit ] change ;
 
 : unlimit-input ( -- ) input-stream [ unlimit ] change ;
 
+: with-unlimited-stream ( stream quot -- )
+    [ clone unlimit ] dip call ; inline
+
+: with-limited-stream ( stream limit mode quot -- )
+    [ limit ] dip call ; inline
+
 ERROR: limit-exceeded ;
 
 ERROR: bad-stream-mode mode ;
diff --git a/basis/lcs/diff2html/diff2html-tests.factor b/basis/lcs/diff2html/diff2html-tests.factor
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d261a4659a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/basis/lcs/diff2html/diff2html-tests.factor
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+! Copyright (C) 2009 Daniel Ehrenberg
+! See http://factorcode.org/license.txt for BSD license.
+USING: lcs.diff2html lcs kernel tools.test strings sequences xml.writer ;
+IN: lcs.diff2html.tests
+
+[ ] [ "hello" "heyo" [ 1string ] { } map-as diff htmlize-diff xml-chunk>string drop ] unit-test
diff --git a/basis/lcs/diff2html/diff2html.factor b/basis/lcs/diff2html/diff2html.factor
index ebbb0f3786..ee303cc5a5 100644
--- a/basis/lcs/diff2html/diff2html.factor
+++ b/basis/lcs/diff2html/diff2html.factor
@@ -1,44 +1,42 @@
 ! Copyright (C) 2008 Slava Pestov
 ! See http://factorcode.org/license.txt for BSD license.
-USING: lcs html.elements kernel ;
+USING: lcs xml.interpolate xml.writer kernel strings ;
 FROM: accessors => item>> ;
 FROM: io => write ;
-FROM: sequences => each if-empty ;
-FROM: xml.entities => escape-string ;
+FROM: sequences => each if-empty when-empty map ;
 IN: lcs.diff2html
 
-GENERIC: diff-line ( obj -- )
+GENERIC: diff-line ( obj -- xml )
 
-: write-item ( item -- )
-    item>> [ "&nbsp;" ] [ escape-string ] if-empty write ;
+: item-string ( item -- string )
+    item>> [ CHAR: no-break-space 1string ] when-empty ;
 
 M: retain diff-line
-    <tr>
-        dup [
-            <td "retain" =class td>
-                write-item
-            </td>
-        ] bi@
-    </tr> ;
+    item-string
+    [XML <td class="retain"><-></td> XML]
+    dup [XML <tr><-><-></tr> XML] ;
 
 M: insert diff-line
-    <tr>
-        <td> </td>
-        <td "insert" =class td>
-            write-item
-        </td>
-    </tr> ;
+    item-string [XML
+        <tr>
+            <td> </td>
+            <td class="insert"><-></td>
+        </tr>
+    XML] ;
 
 M: delete diff-line
-    <tr>
-        <td "delete" =class td>
-            write-item
-        </td>
-        <td> </td>
-    </tr> ;
+    item-string [XML
+        <tr>
+            <td class="delete"><-></td>
+            <td> </td>
+        </tr>
+    XML] ;
 
-: htmlize-diff ( diff -- )
-    <table "100%" =width "comparison" =class table>
-        <tr> <th> "Old" write </th> <th> "New" write </th> </tr>
-        [ diff-line ] each
-    </table> ;
+: htmlize-diff ( diff -- xml )
+    [ diff-line ] map
+    [XML
+        <table width="100%" class="comparison">
+            <tr><th>Old</th><th>New</th></tr>
+            <->
+        </table>
+    XML] ;
diff --git a/basis/locals/locals-docs.factor b/basis/locals/locals-docs.factor
index 77b87d1b49..efaad748cf 100644
--- a/basis/locals/locals-docs.factor
+++ b/basis/locals/locals-docs.factor
@@ -134,6 +134,7 @@ $nl
 }
 "In a word with locals, literals expand into code which constructs the literal, and so every invocation pushes a new object:"
 { $example
+    "USE: locals"
     "IN: scratchpad"
     "TUPLE: person first-name last-name ;"
     ":: ordinary-word-test ( -- tuple )"
@@ -166,7 +167,7 @@ $nl
 "Recall that the following two code snippets are equivalent:"
 { $code "'[ sq _ + ]" }
 { $code "[ [ sq ] dip + ] curry" }
-"The semantics of " { $link dip } " and " { $link curry } " are such that the first example behaves as if the top of the stack as ``inserted'' in the ``hole'' in the quotation's second element."
+"The semantics of " { $link dip } " and " { $link curry } " are such that the first example behaves as if the top of the stack as “inserted” in the “hole” in the quotation's second element."
 $nl
 "Conceptually, " { $link curry } " is defined so that the following two code snippets are equivalent:"
 { $code "3 [ - ] curry" }
@@ -179,7 +180,7 @@ $nl
 { $code "'[ [| a | a - ] curry ] call" }
 "Instead, the first line above expands into something like the following:"
 { $code "[ [ swap [| a | a - ] ] curry call ]" }
-"This ensures that the fried value appears ``underneath'' the local variable " { $snippet "a" } " when the quotation calls."
+"This ensures that the fried value appears “underneath” the local variable " { $snippet "a" } " when the quotation calls."
 $nl
 "The precise behavior is the following. When frying a lambda, a stack shuffle (" { $link mnswap } ") is prepended to the lambda so that the " { $snippet "m" } " curried values, which start off at the top of the stack, are transposed with the " { $snippet "n" } " inputs to the lambda." ;
 
diff --git a/basis/math/complex/complex-docs.factor b/basis/math/complex/complex-docs.factor
index bed3a655b1..1fcc1ead13 100644
--- a/basis/math/complex/complex-docs.factor
+++ b/basis/math/complex/complex-docs.factor
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ ARTICLE: "complex-numbers-zero" "Embedding of real numbers in complex numbers"
 "Constructing a complex number with an imaginary component equal to an integer zero simply returns the real number corresponding to the real component:"
 { $example "USING: math prettyprint ;" "C{ 1 2 } C{ 3 -2 } + ." "4" }
 "Constructing a complex number with an imaginary component equal to floating point zero will still output a new complex number, however:"
-{ $example "USING: math prettyprint ;" "C{ 0.0 2.0 } C{ 0.0 1.0 } * ." "C{ 2.0 0.0 }" }
+{ $example "USING: math prettyprint ;" "C{ 0.0 2.0 } C{ 0.0 1.0 } * ." "C{ -2.0 0.0 }" }
 "Unlike math, where all real numbers are also complex numbers, Factor only considers a number to be a complex number if its imaginary part is non-zero. However, complex number operations are fully supported for real numbers; they are treated as having an imaginary part of zero." ;
 
 ARTICLE: "complex-numbers" "Complex numbers"
diff --git a/basis/math/libm/libm-docs.factor b/basis/math/libm/libm-docs.factor
index 1fe565ee00..72c114487b 100644
--- a/basis/math/libm/libm-docs.factor
+++ b/basis/math/libm/libm-docs.factor
@@ -5,8 +5,8 @@ ARTICLE: "math.libm" "C standard library math functions"
 "The words in the " { $vocab-link "math.libm" } " vocabulary call C standard library math functions. They are used to implement words in the " { $vocab-link "math.functions" } " vocabulary."
 $nl
 "They can be called directly, however there is little reason to do so, since they only implement real-valued functions, and in some cases place restrictions on the domain:"
-{ $example "2 acos ." "C{ 0.0 1.316957896924817 }" }
-{ $example "2 facos ." "0.0/0.0" }
+{ $example "USE: math.functions" "2 acos ." "C{ 0.0 1.316957896924817 }" }
+{ $example "USE: math.libm" "2 facos ." "0.0/0.0" }
 "Trigonometric functions:"
 { $subsection fcos }
 { $subsection fsin }
diff --git a/basis/mime/multipart/multipart-tests.factor b/basis/mime/multipart/multipart-tests.factor
index e1bf0483bc..d91e31cca2 100644
--- a/basis/mime/multipart/multipart-tests.factor
+++ b/basis/mime/multipart/multipart-tests.factor
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 ! See http://factorcode.org/license.txt for BSD license.
 USING: io.encodings.ascii io.files io.files.unique kernel
 mime.multipart tools.test io.streams.duplex io multiline
-assocs ;
+assocs accessors ;
 IN: mime.multipart.tests
 
 : upload-separator ( -- seq )
@@ -20,11 +20,16 @@ IN: mime.multipart.tests
 
 [ t ] [
     mime-test-stream [ upload-separator parse-multipart ] with-input-stream
-    nip "\"up.txt\"" swap key?
+    "file1" swap key?
 ] unit-test
 
 [ t ] [
     mime-test-stream [ upload-separator parse-multipart ] with-input-stream
-    drop "\"text1\"" swap key?
+    "file1" swap key?
+] unit-test
+
+[ t ] [
+    mime-test-stream [ upload-separator parse-multipart ] with-input-stream
+    "file1" swap at filename>> "up.txt" =
 ] unit-test
 
diff --git a/basis/mime/multipart/multipart.factor b/basis/mime/multipart/multipart.factor
index 1cea707862..fc3024bd01 100755
--- a/basis/mime/multipart/multipart.factor
+++ b/basis/mime/multipart/multipart.factor
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 USING: multiline kernel sequences io splitting fry namespaces
 http.parsers hashtables assocs combinators ascii io.files.unique
 accessors io.encodings.binary io.files byte-arrays math
-io.streams.string combinators.short-circuit strings ;
+io.streams.string combinators.short-circuit strings math.order ;
 IN: mime.multipart
 
 CONSTANT: buffer-size 65536
@@ -16,8 +16,7 @@ header
 content-disposition bytes
 filename temp-file
 name name-content
-uploaded-files
-form-variables ;
+mime-parts ;
 
 TUPLE: mime-file headers filename temporary-path ;
 TUPLE: mime-variable headers key value ;
@@ -25,8 +24,7 @@ TUPLE: mime-variable headers key value ;
 : <multipart> ( mime-separator -- multipart )
     multipart new
         swap >>mime-separator
-        H{ } clone >>uploaded-files
-        H{ } clone >>form-variables ;
+        H{ } clone >>mime-parts ;
 
 ERROR: bad-header bytes ;
 
@@ -47,11 +45,7 @@ ERROR: end-of-stream multipart ;
     dup bytes>> [ fill-bytes ] unless  ;
 
 : split-bytes ( bytes separator -- leftover-bytes safe-to-dump )
-    2dup [ length ] [ length 1- ] bi* < [
-        drop f
-    ] [
-        length 1- cut-slice swap
-    ] if ;
+    dupd [ length ] bi@ 1- - short cut-slice swap ;
 
 : dump-until-separator ( multipart -- multipart )
     dup
@@ -59,11 +53,10 @@ ERROR: end-of-stream multipart ;
     [ nip ] [ start ] 2bi [
         cut-slice
         [ mime-write ]
-        [ over current-separator>> length tail-slice >>bytes ] bi*
+        [ over current-separator>> length short tail-slice >>bytes ] bi*
     ] [
         drop
-        dup [ bytes>> ] [ current-separator>> ] bi split-bytes
-        [ mime-write ] when*
+        dup [ bytes>> ] [ current-separator>> ] bi split-bytes mime-write
         >>bytes fill-bytes dup end-of-stream?>> [ dump-until-separator ] unless
     ] if* ;
 
@@ -72,31 +65,43 @@ ERROR: end-of-stream multipart ;
     [ dump-until-separator ] with-string-writer ;
 
 : read-header ( multipart -- multipart )
-    "\r\n\r\n" dump-string dup "--\r" = [
-        drop
+    dup bytes>> "--\r\n" sequence= [
+        t >>end-of-stream?
     ] [
-        parse-headers >>header
+        "\r\n\r\n" dump-string parse-headers >>header
     ] if ;
 
 : empty-name? ( string -- ? )
     { "''" "\"\"" "" f } member? ;
 
+: quote? ( ch -- ? ) "'\"" member? ;
+
+: quoted? ( str -- ? )
+    {
+        [ length 1 > ]
+        [ first quote? ]
+        [ [ first ] [ peek ] bi = ]
+    } 1&& ;
+
+: unquote ( str -- newstr )
+    dup quoted? [ but-last-slice rest-slice >string ] when ;
+
 : save-uploaded-file ( multipart -- )
     dup filename>> empty-name? [
         drop
     ] [
         [ [ header>> ] [ filename>> ] [ temp-file>> ] tri mime-file boa ]
-        [ filename>> ]
-        [ uploaded-files>> set-at ] tri
+        [ content-disposition>> "name" swap at unquote ]
+        [ mime-parts>> set-at ] tri
     ] if ;
 
-: save-form-variable ( multipart -- )
+: save-mime-part ( multipart -- )
     dup name>> empty-name? [
         drop
     ] [
-        [ [ header>> ] [ name>> ] [ name-content>> ] tri mime-variable boa ]
-        [ name>> ]
-        [ form-variables>> set-at ] tri
+        [ [ header>> ] [ name>> unquote ] [ name-content>> ] tri mime-variable boa ]
+        [ name>> unquote ]
+        [ mime-parts>> set-at ] tri
     ] if ;
 
 : dump-mime-file ( multipart filename -- multipart )
@@ -119,12 +124,13 @@ ERROR: unknown-content-disposition multipart ;
 
 : parse-form-data ( multipart -- multipart )
     "filename" lookup-disposition [
+        unquote
         >>filename
         [ dump-file ] [ save-uploaded-file ] bi
     ] [
         "name" lookup-disposition [
             [ dup mime-separator>> dump-string >>name-content ] dip
-            >>name dup save-form-variable
+            >>name dup save-mime-part
         ] [
              unknown-content-disposition
         ] if*
@@ -157,6 +163,6 @@ ERROR: no-content-disposition multipart ;
     read-header
     dup end-of-stream?>> [ process-header parse-multipart-loop ] unless ;
 
-: parse-multipart ( separator -- form-variables uploaded-files )
-    <multipart> parse-beginning parse-multipart-loop
-    [ form-variables>> ] [ uploaded-files>> ] bi ;
+: parse-multipart ( separator -- mime-parts )
+    <multipart> parse-beginning fill-bytes parse-multipart-loop
+    mime-parts>> ;
diff --git a/basis/persistent/sequences/sequences-docs.factor b/basis/persistent/sequences/sequences-docs.factor
index 986b16c737..6928d03f55 100644
--- a/basis/persistent/sequences/sequences-docs.factor
+++ b/basis/persistent/sequences/sequences-docs.factor
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ HELP: ppop
 { $contract "Persistent analogue of " { $link pop* } ". Outputs a new sequence with all elements of " { $snippet "seq" } " except for the final element." } ;
 
 ARTICLE: "persistent.sequences" "Persistent sequence protocol"
-"The persistent sequence protocol consists of the non-mutating sequence protocol words, such as  " { $link length } " and " { $link nth } ", together with the following operations:"
+"The persistent sequence protocol consists of the non-mutating sequence protocol words, such as " { $link length } " and " { $link nth } ", together with the following operations:"
 { $subsection new-nth }
 { $subsection ppush }
 { $subsection ppop }
diff --git a/basis/prettyprint/prettyprint-docs.factor b/basis/prettyprint/prettyprint-docs.factor
index 46d4e6e5ff..1e372d7cc0 100644
--- a/basis/prettyprint/prettyprint-docs.factor
+++ b/basis/prettyprint/prettyprint-docs.factor
@@ -193,11 +193,11 @@ HELP: unparse
 
 HELP: pprint-short
 { $values { "obj" object } }
-{ $description "Prettyprints an object to " { $link output-stream } ". This word rebinds printer control variables to enforce ``shorter'' output. See " { $link "prettyprint-variables" } "." } ;
+{ $description "Prettyprints an object to " { $link output-stream } ". This word rebinds printer control variables to enforce “shorter” output. See " { $link "prettyprint-variables" } "." } ;
 
 HELP: short.
 { $values { "obj" object } }
-{ $description "Prettyprints an object to " { $link output-stream } " with a trailing line break. This word rebinds printer control variables to enforce ``shorter'' output." } ;
+{ $description "Prettyprints an object to " { $link output-stream } " with a trailing line break. This word rebinds printer control variables to enforce “shorter” output." } ;
 
 HELP: .b
 { $values { "n" "an integer" } }
diff --git a/basis/random/random-docs.factor b/basis/random/random-docs.factor
index 18c9ca781c..01b389c19c 100755
--- a/basis/random/random-docs.factor
+++ b/basis/random/random-docs.factor
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ ARTICLE: "random-protocol" "Random protocol"
 ARTICLE: "random" "Generating random integers"
 "The " { $vocab-link "random" } " vocabulary contains a protocol for generating random or pseudorandom numbers."
 $nl
-"The ``Mersenne Twister'' pseudorandom number generator algorithm is the default generator stored in " { $link random-generator } "."
+"The “Mersenne Twister” pseudorandom number generator algorithm is the default generator stored in " { $link random-generator } "."
 $nl
 "Generate a random object:"
 { $subsection random }
diff --git a/basis/sorting/human/human-docs.factor b/basis/sorting/human/human-docs.factor
index 5342b28317..5952b3e3f9 100644
--- a/basis/sorting/human/human-docs.factor
+++ b/basis/sorting/human/human-docs.factor
@@ -11,19 +11,19 @@ HELP: find-numbers
 }
 { $description "Splits a string on numbers and returns a sequence of sequences and integers." } ;
 
-HELP: human-<=>
+HELP: human<=>
 { $values
      { "obj1" object } { "obj2" object }
      { "<=>" "an ordering specifier" }
 }
 { $description "Compares two objects after converting numbers in the string into integers." } ;
 
-HELP: human->=<
+HELP: human>=<
 { $values
      { "obj1" object } { "obj2" object }
      { ">=<" "an ordering specifier" }
 }
-{ $description "Compares two objects using the " { $link human-<=> } " word and inverts the result." } ;
+{ $description "Compares two objects using the " { $link human<=> } " word and inverts the result." } ;
 
 HELP: human-compare
 { $values
@@ -44,22 +44,22 @@ HELP: human-sort-keys
      { "seq" "an alist" }
      { "sortedseq" "a new sorted sequence" }
 }
-{ $description "Sorts the elements comparing first elements of pairs using the " { $link human-<=> } " word." } ;
+{ $description "Sorts the elements comparing first elements of pairs using the " { $link human<=> } " word." } ;
 
 HELP: human-sort-values
 { $values
      { "seq" "an alist" }
      { "sortedseq" "a new sorted sequence" }
 }
-{ $description "Sorts the elements comparing second elements of pairs using the " { $link human-<=> } " word." } ;
+{ $description "Sorts the elements comparing second elements of pairs using the " { $link human<=> } " word." } ;
 
 { <=> >=< human-compare human-sort human-sort-keys human-sort-values } related-words
 
-ARTICLE: "sorting.human" "sorting.human"
+ARTICLE: "sorting.human" "Human-friendly sorting"
 "The " { $vocab-link "sorting.human" } " vocabulary sorts by numbers as a human would -- by comparing their magnitudes -- rather than in a lexicographic way. For example, sorting a1, a10, a03, a2 with human sort returns a1, a2, a03, a10, while sorting with natural sort returns a03, a1, a10, a2." $nl
 "Comparing two objects:"
-{ $subsection human-<=> }
-{ $subsection human->=< }
+{ $subsection human<=> }
+{ $subsection human>=< }
 { $subsection human-compare }
 "Sort a sequence:"
 { $subsection human-sort }
diff --git a/basis/sorting/human/human.factor b/basis/sorting/human/human.factor
index 2c4d391a60..1c7392901b 100644
--- a/basis/sorting/human/human.factor
+++ b/basis/sorting/human/human.factor
@@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ IN: sorting.human
 : find-numbers ( string -- seq )
     [EBNF Result = ([0-9]+ => [[ string>number ]] | (!([0-9]) .)+)* EBNF] ;
 
-: human-<=> ( obj1 obj2 -- <=> ) [ find-numbers ] bi@ <=> ;
+: human<=> ( obj1 obj2 -- <=> ) [ find-numbers ] bi@ <=> ;
 
-: human->=< ( obj1 obj2 -- >=< ) human-<=> invert-comparison ; inline
+: human>=< ( obj1 obj2 -- >=< ) human<=> invert-comparison ; inline
 
-: human-compare ( obj1 obj2 quot -- <=> ) bi@ human-<=> ;
+: human-compare ( obj1 obj2 quot -- <=> ) bi@ human<=> ;
 
-: human-sort ( seq -- seq' ) [ human-<=> ] sort ;
+: human-sort ( seq -- seq' ) [ human<=> ] sort ;
 
 : human-sort-keys ( seq -- sortedseq )
     [ [ first ] human-compare ] sort ;
diff --git a/basis/sorting/slots/slots-tests.factor b/basis/sorting/slots/slots-tests.factor
index 7a4eeb8e75..46824c6fdb 100644
--- a/basis/sorting/slots/slots-tests.factor
+++ b/basis/sorting/slots/slots-tests.factor
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ TUPLE: tuple2 d ;
         T{ sort-test f 1 1 11 }
         T{ sort-test f 2 5 3 }
         T{ sort-test f 2 5 2 }
-    } { { a>> human-<=> } { b>> human->=< } { c>> <=> } } sort-by-slots
+    } { { a>> human<=> } { b>> human>=< } { c>> <=> } } sort-by-slots
 ] unit-test
 
 [
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ TUPLE: tuple2 d ;
         T{ sort-test f 2 5 3 }
         T{ sort-test f 2 5 2 }
     }
-    { { a>> human-<=> } { b>> <=> } } [ sort-by-slots ] keep
+    { { a>> human<=> } { b>> <=> } } [ sort-by-slots ] keep
     [ but-last-slice ] map split-by-slots [ >array ] map
 ] unit-test
 
diff --git a/basis/stack-checker/stack-checker-docs.factor b/basis/stack-checker/stack-checker-docs.factor
index f208178b10..5b67cd9adc 100644
--- a/basis/stack-checker/stack-checker-docs.factor
+++ b/basis/stack-checker/stack-checker-docs.factor
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ $nl
 
 ARTICLE: "inference-combinators" "Combinator stack effects"
 "Without further information, one cannot say what the stack effect of " { $link call } " is; it depends on the given quotation. If the inferencer encounters a " { $link call } " without further information, a " { $link literal-expected } " error is raised."
-{ $example "[ dup call ] infer." "... an error ..." }
+{ $example "[ dup call ] infer." "Literal value expected\n\nType :help for debugging help." }
 "On the other hand, the stack effect of applying " { $link call } " to a literal quotation or a " { $link curry } " of a literal quotation is easy to compute; it behaves as if the quotation was substituted at that point:"
 { $example "[ [ 2 + ] call ] infer." "( object -- object )" }
 "Consider a combinator such as " { $link keep } ". The combinator itself does not have a stack effect, because it applies " { $link call } " to a potentially arbitrary quotation. However, since the combinator is declared " { $link POSTPONE: inline } ", a given usage of it can have a stack effect:"
@@ -35,7 +35,15 @@ $nl
 "Here is an example where the stack effect cannot be inferred:"
 { $code ": foo 0 [ + ] ;" "[ foo reduce ] infer." }
 "However if " { $snippet "foo" } " was declared " { $link POSTPONE: inline } ", everything would work, since the " { $link reduce } " combinator is also " { $link POSTPONE: inline } ", and the inferencer can see the literal quotation value at the point it is passed to " { $link call } ":"
-{ $example ": foo 0 [ + ] ; inline" "[ foo reduce ] infer." "( object -- object )" } ;
+{ $example ": foo 0 [ + ] ; inline" "[ foo reduce ] infer." "( object -- object )" }
+"Passing a literal quotation on the data stack through an inlined recursive combinator nullifies its literal status. For example, the following will not infer:"
+{ $example
+  "[ [ reverse ] swap [ reverse ] map swap call ] infer." "Literal value expected\n\nType :help for debugging help."
+}
+"To make this work, pass the quotation on the retain stack instead:"
+{ $example
+  "[ [ reverse ] [ [ reverse ] map ] dip call ] infer." "( object -- object )"
+} ;
 
 ARTICLE: "inference-branches" "Branch stack effects"
 "Conditionals such as " { $link if } " and combinators built on " { $link if } " present a problem, in that if the two branches leave the stack at a different height, it is not clear what the stack effect should be. In this case, inference throws a " { $link unbalanced-branches-error } "."
@@ -58,12 +66,14 @@ $nl
 $nl
 "If a recursive word takes quotation parameters from the stack and calls them, it must be declared " { $link POSTPONE: inline } " (as documented in " { $link "inference-combinators" } ") as well as " { $link POSTPONE: recursive } "."
 $nl
-"Furthermore, the input parameters which are quotations must be annotated in the stack effect. For example,"
-{ $see loop }
-"An inline recursive word cannot pass a quotation through the recursive call. For example, the following will not infer:"
-{ $code ": foo ( a b c -- d e f ) [ f foo drop ] when 2dup call ; inline" "[ 1 [ 1+ ] foo ] infer." }
+"Furthermore, the input parameters which are quotations must be annotated in the stack effect. For example, the following will not infer:"
+{ $example ": bad ( quot -- ) [ call ] keep foo ; inline recursive" "[ [ ] bad ] infer." "Literal value expected\n\nType :help for debugging help." }
+"The following is correct:"
+{ $example ": good ( quot: ( -- ) -- ) [ call ] keep good ; inline recursive" "[ [ ] good ] infer." "( -- )" }
+"An inline recursive word cannot pass a quotation on the data stack through the recursive call. For example, the following will not infer:"
+{ $example ": bad ( ? quot: ( ? -- ) -- ) 2dup [ not ] dip bad call ; inline recursive" "[ [ drop ] bad ] infer." "Literal value expected\n\nType :help for debugging help." }
 "However a small change can be made:"
-{ $example ": foo ( a b c -- d ) [ 2dup f foo drop ] when call ; inline" "[ 1 [ 1+ ] t foo ] infer." "( -- object )" }
+{ $example ": good ( ? quot: ( ? -- ) -- ) [ good ] 2keep [ not ] dip call ; inline recursive" "[ [ drop ] good ] infer." "( object -- )" }
 "An inline recursive word must have a fixed stack effect in its base case. The following will not infer:"
 { $code
     ": foo ( quot ? -- ) [ f foo ] [ call ] if ; inline"
diff --git a/basis/tools/threads/threads-docs.factor b/basis/tools/threads/threads-docs.factor
index d4c5be9c17..c60255b377 100644
--- a/basis/tools/threads/threads-docs.factor
+++ b/basis/tools/threads/threads-docs.factor
@@ -2,10 +2,10 @@ IN: tools.threads
 USING: help.markup help.syntax threads ;
 
 HELP: threads.
-{ $description "Prints a list of running threads and their state. The ``Waiting on'' column displays one of the following:"
+{ $description "Prints a list of running threads and their state. The “Waiting on” column displays one of the following:"
     { $list
-        "``running'' if the thread is the current thread"
-        "``yield'' if the thread is waiting to run"
+        "“running” if the thread is the current thread"
+        "“yield” if the thread is waiting to run"
         { "the string given to " { $link suspend } " if the thread is suspended" }
     }
 } ;
diff --git a/basis/tools/vocabs/monitor/monitor.factor b/basis/tools/vocabs/monitor/monitor.factor
index ac0160e58f..4091cdd90c 100644
--- a/basis/tools/vocabs/monitor/monitor.factor
+++ b/basis/tools/vocabs/monitor/monitor.factor
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
-! Copyright (C) 2008 Slava Pestov.
+! Copyright (C) 2008, 2009 Slava Pestov.
 ! See http://factorcode.org/license.txt for BSD license.
 USING: threads io.files io.pathnames io.monitors init kernel
 vocabs vocabs.loader tools.vocabs namespaces continuations
 sequences splitting assocs command-line concurrency.messaging
-io.backend sets tr ;
+io.backend sets tr accessors ;
 IN: tools.vocabs.monitor
 
 TR: convert-separators "/\\" ".." ;
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ TR: convert-separators "/\\" ".." ;
 : monitor-loop ( -- )
     #! On OS X, monitors give us the full path, so we chop it
     #! off if its there.
-    receive first path>vocab changed-vocab
+    receive path>> path>vocab changed-vocab
     reset-cache
     monitor-loop ;
 
diff --git a/basis/ui/tools/tools-docs.factor b/basis/ui/tools/tools-docs.factor
index 8e1cc8d8f0..2caea23480 100644
--- a/basis/ui/tools/tools-docs.factor
+++ b/basis/ui/tools/tools-docs.factor
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ ARTICLE: "ui-completion-vocabs" "Vocabulary completion popup"
 { $operations "kernel" vocab } ;
 
 ARTICLE: "ui-completion-sources" "Source file completion popup"
-"The source file completion popup lists all source files which have been previously loaded by " { $link run-file } ". Clicking a source file  or pressing " { $snippet "RET" } " opens the source file in your editor with " { $link edit } "."
+"The source file completion popup lists all source files which have been previously loaded by " { $link run-file } ". Clicking a source file or pressing " { $snippet "RET" } " opens the source file in your editor with " { $link edit } "."
 { $operations P" " } ;
 
 ARTICLE: "ui-completion" "UI completion popups"
diff --git a/basis/ui/ui-docs.factor b/basis/ui/ui-docs.factor
index 64a98fee03..5c0085bc45 100644
--- a/basis/ui/ui-docs.factor
+++ b/basis/ui/ui-docs.factor
@@ -185,7 +185,9 @@ $nl
 { $subsection add-gadgets }
 { $subsection clear-gadget }
 "The children of a gadget are available via the "
-{ $snippet "children" } " slot. " "Working with gadget children:"
+{ $snippet "children" } " slot. "
+$nl
+"Working with gadget children:"
 { $subsection gadget-child }
 { $subsection nth-gadget }
 { $subsection each-child }
@@ -199,7 +201,7 @@ $nl
 { $subsection relayout-1 }
 "Gadgets implement a generic word to inform their parents of their preferred size:"
 { $subsection pref-dim* }
-"To get a gadget's preferred size, do not call the above word, instead use " { $link pref-dim  } ",  which caches the result." ;
+"To get a gadget's preferred size, do not call the above word, instead use " { $link pref-dim  } ", which caches the result." ;
 
 ARTICLE: "ui-null-layout" "Manual layouts"
 "When automatic layout is not appropriate, gadgets can be added to a parent with no layout policy, and then positioned and sized manually by setting the " { $snippet "loc" } " field." ;
diff --git a/basis/unix/debugger/debugger.factor b/basis/unix/debugger/debugger.factor
index ea32657057..e059e1a184 100644
--- a/basis/unix/debugger/debugger.factor
+++ b/basis/unix/debugger/debugger.factor
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ M: unix-error error.
     dup message>> write " (" write errno>> pprint ")" print ;
 
 M: unix-system-call-error error.
-    "Unix system call ``" write dup word>> pprint "'' failed:" print
+    "Unix system call “" write dup word>> pprint "” failed:" print
     nl
     dup message>> write " (" write dup errno>> pprint ")" print
     nl
diff --git a/basis/unix/groups/groups-docs.factor b/basis/unix/groups/groups-docs.factor
index 07911bc96b..05b22d3413 100644
--- a/basis/unix/groups/groups-docs.factor
+++ b/basis/unix/groups/groups-docs.factor
@@ -83,7 +83,6 @@ ARTICLE: "unix.groups" "Unix groups"
 $nl
 "Listing all groups:"
 { $subsection all-groups }
-"Returning a passwd tuple:"
 "Real groups:"
 { $subsection real-group-name }
 { $subsection real-group-id }
diff --git a/basis/unix/users/users-docs.factor b/basis/unix/users/users-docs.factor
index 2d46ab2d81..faee36d076 100644
--- a/basis/unix/users/users-docs.factor
+++ b/basis/unix/users/users-docs.factor
@@ -91,7 +91,6 @@ ARTICLE: "unix.users" "Unix users"
 $nl
 "Listing all users:"
 { $subsection all-users }
-"Returning a passwd tuple:"
 "Real user:"
 { $subsection real-user-name }
 { $subsection real-user-id }
diff --git a/basis/xml-rpc/xml-rpc.factor b/basis/xml-rpc/xml-rpc.factor
index 602fb90172..52e175ca3a 100644
--- a/basis/xml-rpc/xml-rpc.factor
+++ b/basis/xml-rpc/xml-rpc.factor
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 USING: accessors kernel xml arrays math generic http.client
 combinators hashtables namespaces io base64 sequences strings
 calendar xml.data xml.writer xml.utilities assocs math.parser
-debugger calendar.format math.order ;
+debugger calendar.format math.order xml.interpolate xml.dispatch ;
 IN: xml-rpc
 
 ! * Sending RPC requests
@@ -15,56 +15,70 @@ GENERIC: item>xml ( object -- xml )
 M: integer item>xml
     dup 31 2^ neg 31 2^ 1 - between?
     [ "Integers must fit in 32 bits" throw ] unless
-    number>string "i4" build-tag ;
+    [XML <i4><-></i4> XML] ;
 
 UNION: boolean t POSTPONE: f ;
 
 M: boolean item>xml
-    "1" "0" ? "boolean" build-tag ;
+    "1" "0" ? [XML <boolean><-></boolean> XML] ;
 
 M: float item>xml
-    number>string "double" build-tag ;
+    number>string [XML <double><-></double> XML] ;
 
-M: string item>xml ! This should change < and &
-    "string" build-tag ;
+M: string item>xml
+    [XML <string><-></string> XML] ;
 
 : struct-member ( name value -- tag )
-    swap dup string?
-    [ "Struct member name must be string" throw ] unless
-    "name" build-tag swap
-    item>xml "value" build-tag
-    2array "member" build-tag* ;
+    over string? [ "Struct member name must be string" throw ] unless
+    item>xml
+    [XML
+        <member>
+            <name><-></name>
+            <value><-></value>
+        </member>
+    XML] ;
 
 M: hashtable item>xml
     [ struct-member ] { } assoc>map
-    "struct" build-tag* ;
+    [XML <struct><-></struct> XML] ;
 
 M: array item>xml
-    [ item>xml "value" build-tag ] map
-    "data" build-tag* "array" build-tag ;
+    [ item>xml [XML <value><-></value> XML] ] map
+    [XML <array><data><-></data></array> XML] ;
 
 TUPLE: base64 string ;
 
 C: <base64> base64
 
 M: base64 item>xml
-    string>> >base64 "base64" build-tag ;
+    string>> >base64
+    [XML <base64><-></base64> XML] ;
 
 : params ( seq -- xml )
-    [ item>xml "value" build-tag "param" build-tag ] map
-    "params" build-tag* ;
+    [ item>xml [XML <param><value><-></value></param> XML] ] map
+    [XML <params><-></params> XML] ;
 
 : method-call ( name seq -- xml )
-    params [ "methodName" build-tag ] dip
-    2array "methodCall" build-tag* build-xml ;
+    params
+    <XML
+        <methodCall>
+            <methodName><-></methodName>
+            <->
+        </methodCall>
+    XML> ;
 
 : return-params ( seq -- xml )
-    params "methodResponse" build-tag build-xml ;
+    params <XML <methodResponse><-></methodResponse> XML> ;
 
 : return-fault ( fault-code fault-string -- xml )
     [ "faultString" set "faultCode" set ] H{ } make-assoc item>xml
-    "value" build-tag "fault" build-tag "methodResponse" build-tag
-    build-xml ;
+    <XML
+        <methodResponse>
+            <fault>
+                <value><-></value>
+            </fault>
+        </methodResponse>
+    XML> ;
 
 TUPLE: rpc-method name params ;
 
@@ -162,10 +176,3 @@ TAG: array xml>item
 
 : invoke-method ( params method url -- )
     [ swap <rpc-method> ] dip post-rpc ;
-
-: put-http-response ( string -- )
-    "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\nConnection: close\nContent-Length: " write
-    dup length number>string write
-    "\nContent-Type: text/xml\nDate: " write
-    now timestamp>http-string write "\n\n" write
-    write ;
diff --git a/basis/xml/data/data-docs.factor b/basis/xml/data/data-docs.factor
index 9a8c535f91..52394ccc5c 100644
--- a/basis/xml/data/data-docs.factor
+++ b/basis/xml/data/data-docs.factor
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ IN: xml.data
 ABOUT: "xml.data"
 
 ARTICLE: "xml.data" "XML data types"
-{ $vocab-link "xml.data" } " defines a simple document object model for XML. Everything is simply a tuple and can be manipulated as such."
+"The " { $vocab-link "xml.data" } " vocabulary defines a simple document object model for XML. Everything is simply a tuple and can be manipulated as such."
 { $subsection { "xml.data" "classes" } }
 { $subsection { "xml.data" "constructors" } }
 "Simple words for manipulating names:"
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ ARTICLE: { "xml.data" "constructors" } "XML data constructors"
     { $subsection <notation-decl> } ;
 
 HELP: tag
-{ $class-description "tuple representing an XML tag, delegating to a " { $link
+{ $class-description "Tuple representing an XML tag, delegating to a " { $link
 name } ", containing the slots attrs (an alist of names to strings) and children (a sequence). Tags implement the sequence protocol by acting like a sequence of its chidren, and the assoc protocol by acting like its attributes." }
 { $see-also <tag> name contained-tag xml } ;
 
@@ -58,32 +58,32 @@ HELP: <tag>
     { "attrs" "an alist of names to strings" }
     { "children" sequence }
     { "tag" tag } }
-{ $description "constructs an XML " { $link tag } " with the name (not a string) and tag attributes specified in attrs and children specified" }
+{ $description "Constructs an XML " { $link tag } " with the name (not a string) and tag attributes specified in attrs and children specified." }
 { $see-also tag <contained-tag> } ;
 
 HELP: name
-{ $class-description "represents an XML name, with the fields space (a string representing the namespace, as written in the document, tag (a string of the actual name of the tag) and url (a string of the URL that the namespace points to)" }
+{ $class-description "Represents an XML name, with the fields space (a string representing the namespace, as written in the document, tag (a string of the actual name of the tag) and url (a string of the URL that the namespace points to)." }
 { $see-also <name> tag } ;
 
 HELP: <name>
 { $values { "space" "a string" } { "main" "a string" } { "url" "a string" }
     { "name" "an XML tag name" } }
-{ $description "creates a name tuple with the name-space space and the tag-name tag and the tag-url url." }
+{ $description "Creates a name tuple with the namespace prefix space, the the given main part of the name, and the namespace URL given by url." }
 { $see-also name <tag> } ;
 
 HELP: contained-tag
-{ $class-description "delegates to tag representing a tag like <a/> with no contents. The tag attributes are accessed with tag-attrs" }
+{ $class-description "This is a subclass of " { $link tag } " consisting of tags with no body, like " { $snippet "<a/>" } "." }
 { $see-also tag <contained-tag> } ;
 
 HELP: <contained-tag>
 { $values { "name" "an XML tag name" }
     { "attrs" "an alist from names to strings" }
     { "tag" tag } }
-{ $description "creates an empty tag (like <a/>) with the specified name and tag attributes. This delegates to tag" }
+{ $description "Creates an empty tag (like " { $snippet "<a/>" } ") with the specified name and tag attributes." }
 { $see-also contained-tag <tag> } ;
 
 HELP: xml
-{ $class-description "tuple representing an XML document, delegating to the main tag, containing the fields prolog (the header <?xml...?>), before (whatever comes between the prolog and the main tag) and after (whatever comes after the main tag)" }
+{ $class-description "Tuple representing an XML document, delegating to the main tag, containing the fields prolog (the header " { $snippet "<?xml...?>" } "), before (whatever comes between the prolog and the main tag) and after (whatever comes after the main tag)." }
 { $see-also <xml> tag prolog } ;
 
 HELP: <xml>
@@ -159,35 +159,35 @@ HELP: <element-decl>
 { $description "Creates an element declaration object, of the class " { $link element-decl } } ;
 
 HELP: attlist-decl
-{ $class-description "Describes the class of element declarations, like <!ATTLIST pre xml:space (preserve) #FIXED 'preserve'>." } ;
+{ $class-description "Describes the class of element declarations, like " { $snippet "<!ATTLIST pre xml:space (preserve) #FIXED 'preserve'>" } "." } ;
 
 HELP: <attlist-decl>
 { $values { "name" name } { "att-defs" string } { "attlist-decl" attlist-decl } }
 { $description "Creates an element declaration object, of the class " { $link attlist-decl } } ;
 
 HELP: entity-decl
-{ $class-description "Describes the class of element declarations, like <!ENTITY foo 'bar'>." } ;
+{ $class-description "Describes the class of element declarations, like " { $snippet "<!ENTITY foo 'bar'>" } "." } ;
 
 HELP: <entity-decl>
 { $values { "name" name } { "def" string } { "pe?" "t or f" } { "entity-decl" entity-decl } }
-{ $description "Creates an entity declaration object, of the class " { $link entity-decl } ". The pe? slot should be t if the object is a DTD-internal entity, like <!ENTITY % foo 'bar'> and f if the object is like <!ENTITY foo 'bar'>, that is, it can be used outside of the DTD." } ;
+{ $description "Creates an entity declaration object, of the class " { $link entity-decl } ". The pe? slot should be t if the object is a DTD-internal entity, like " { $snippet "<!ENTITY % foo 'bar'>" } " and f if the object is like " { $snippet "<!ENTITY foo 'bar'>" } ", that is, it can be used outside of the DTD." } ;
 
 HELP: system-id
-{ $class-description "Describes the class of system identifiers within an XML DTD directive, such as <!DOCTYPE greeting " { $emphasis "SYSTEM 'hello.dtd'" } ">" } ;
+{ $class-description "Describes the class of system identifiers within an XML DTD directive, such as " { $snippet "<!DOCTYPE greeting " { $emphasis "SYSTEM 'hello.dtd'" } ">" } } ;
 
 HELP: <system-id>
 { $values { "system-literal" string } { "system-id" system-id } }
 { $description "Constructs a " { $link system-id } " tuple." } ;
 
 HELP: public-id
-{ $class-description "Describes the class of public identifiers within an XML DTD directive, such as <!DOCTYPE open-hatch " { $emphasis "PUBLIC '-//Textuality//TEXT Standard open-hatch boilerplate//EN' 'http://www.textuality.com/boilerplate/OpenHatch.xml'" } ">" } ;
+{ $class-description "Describes the class of public identifiers within an XML DTD directive, such as " { $snippet "<!DOCTYPE open-hatch " { $emphasis "PUBLIC '-//Textuality//TEXT Standard open-hatch boilerplate//EN' 'http://www.textuality.com/boilerplate/OpenHatch.xml'" } ">" } } ;
 
 HELP: <public-id>
 { $values { "pubid-literal" string } { "system-literal" string } { "public-id" public-id } }
 { $description "Constructs a " { $link system-id } " tuple." } ;
 
 HELP: notation-decl
-{ $class-description "Describes the class of element declarations, like <!NOTATION jpg SYSTEM './jpgviewer'>." } ;
+{ $class-description "Describes the class of element declarations, like " { $snippet "<!NOTATION jpg SYSTEM './jpgviewer'>" } "." } ;
 
 HELP: <notation-decl>
 { $values { "name" string } { "id" id } { "notation-decl" notation-decl } }
diff --git a/basis/xml/data/data.factor b/basis/xml/data/data.factor
index b014a96180..c44250035a 100644
--- a/basis/xml/data/data.factor
+++ b/basis/xml/data/data.factor
@@ -216,3 +216,6 @@ M: xml like
 
 PREDICATE: contained-tag < tag children>> not ;
 PREDICATE: open-tag < tag children>> ;
+
+UNION: xml-data
+    tag comment string directive instruction ;
diff --git a/basis/xml/data/tags.txt b/basis/xml/data/tags.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2a501370ae
--- /dev/null
+++ b/basis/xml/data/tags.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+collections
+assocs
diff --git a/core/io/encodings/binary/authors.txt b/basis/xml/dispatch/authors.txt
similarity index 100%
rename from core/io/encodings/binary/authors.txt
rename to basis/xml/dispatch/authors.txt
diff --git a/basis/xml/dispatch/dispatch-docs.factor b/basis/xml/dispatch/dispatch-docs.factor
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..572a75cd05
--- /dev/null
+++ b/basis/xml/dispatch/dispatch-docs.factor
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+! Copyright (C) 2005, 2009 Daniel Ehrenberg
+! See http://factorcode.org/license.txt for BSD license.
+USING: help.markup help.syntax ;
+IN: xml.dispatch
+
+ABOUT: "xml.dispatch"
+
+ARTICLE: "xml.dispatch" "Dispatch on XML tag names"
+"Two parsing words define a system, analogous to generic words, for processing XML. A word can dispatch off the name of the tag that is passed to it. To define such a word, use"
+{ $subsection POSTPONE: PROCESS: }
+"and to define a new 'method' for this word, use"
+{ $subsection POSTPONE: TAG: } ;
+
+HELP: PROCESS:
+{ $syntax "PROCESS: word" }
+{ $values { "word" "a new word to define" } }
+{ $description "creates a new word to process XML tags" }
+{ $see-also POSTPONE: TAG: } ;
+
+HELP: TAG:
+{ $syntax "TAG: tag word definition... ;" }
+{ $values { "tag" "an xml tag name" } { "word" "an XML process" } }
+{ $description "defines what a process should do when it encounters a specific tag" }
+{ $examples { $code "PROCESS: x ( tag -- )\nTAG: a x drop \"hi\" write ;" } }
+{ $see-also POSTPONE: PROCESS: } ;
diff --git a/basis/xml/tests/arithmetic.factor b/basis/xml/dispatch/dispatch-tests.factor
similarity index 80%
rename from basis/xml/tests/arithmetic.factor
rename to basis/xml/dispatch/dispatch-tests.factor
index 98facfcac2..6f3179bc02 100644
--- a/basis/xml/tests/arithmetic.factor
+++ b/basis/xml/dispatch/dispatch-tests.factor
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
-! Copyright (C) 2005, 2006 Daniel Ehrenberg
+! Copyright (C) 2005, 2009 Daniel Ehrenberg
 ! See http://factorcode.org/license.txt for BSD license.
-IN: xml.tests
-USING: xml io kernel math sequences strings xml.utilities tools.test math.parser ;
+USING: xml io kernel math sequences strings xml.utilities
+tools.test math.parser xml.dispatch ;
+IN: xml.dispatch.tests
 
 PROCESS: calculate ( tag -- n )
 
diff --git a/basis/xml/dispatch/dispatch.factor b/basis/xml/dispatch/dispatch.factor
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..23cb43cc47
--- /dev/null
+++ b/basis/xml/dispatch/dispatch.factor
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+! Copyright (C) 2005, 2009 Daniel Ehrenberg
+! See http://factorcode.org/license.txt for BSD license.
+USING: words assocs kernel accessors parser sequences summary
+lexer splitting fry ;
+IN: xml.dispatch
+
+TUPLE: process-missing process tag ;
+M: process-missing summary
+    drop "Tag not implemented on process" ;
+
+: run-process ( tag word -- )
+    2dup "xtable" word-prop
+    [ dup main>> ] dip at* [ 2nip call ] [
+        drop \ process-missing boa throw
+    ] if ;
+
+: PROCESS:
+    CREATE
+    dup H{ } clone "xtable" set-word-prop
+    dup '[ _ run-process ] define ; parsing
+
+: TAG:
+    scan scan-word
+    parse-definition
+    swap "xtable" word-prop
+    rot "/" split [ [ 2dup ] dip swap set-at ] each 2drop ;
+    parsing
diff --git a/basis/xml/dispatch/summary.txt b/basis/xml/dispatch/summary.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6751e55e63
--- /dev/null
+++ b/basis/xml/dispatch/summary.txt
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+'Generic words' that dispatch on XML tag names
diff --git a/basis/xml/dispatch/tags.txt b/basis/xml/dispatch/tags.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..71c0ff7282
--- /dev/null
+++ b/basis/xml/dispatch/tags.txt
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+syntax
diff --git a/basis/xml/elements/elements.factor b/basis/xml/elements/elements.factor
index b2280bacb4..57e91cc24e 100644
--- a/basis/xml/elements/elements.factor
+++ b/basis/xml/elements/elements.factor
@@ -3,16 +3,15 @@
 USING: kernel namespaces xml.tokenize xml.state xml.name
 xml.data accessors arrays make xml.char-classes fry assocs sequences
 math xml.errors sets combinators io.encodings io.encodings.iana
-unicode.case xml.dtd strings xml.entities ;
+unicode.case xml.dtd strings xml.entities unicode.categories ;
 IN: xml.elements
 
 : take-interpolated ( quot -- interpolated )
     interpolating? get [
         drop get-char CHAR: > =
-        [ next f ] [
-            pass-blank " \t\r\n-" take-to
-            pass-blank "->" expect
-        ] if <interpolated>
+        [ next f ]
+        [ "->" take-string [ blank? ] trim ]
+        if <interpolated>
     ] [ call ] if ; inline
 
 : interpolate-quote ( -- interpolated )
diff --git a/basis/xml/entities/entities.factor b/basis/xml/entities/entities.factor
index a730474f20..3e768b1b88 100644
--- a/basis/xml/entities/entities.factor
+++ b/basis/xml/entities/entities.factor
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ IN: xml.entities
         { CHAR: & "&amp;"  }
         { CHAR: ' "&apos;" }
         { CHAR: " "&quot;" }
+        { CHAR: < "&lt;"   }
     } ;
 
 : escape-string-by ( str table -- escaped )
diff --git a/basis/xml/errors/errors-docs.factor b/basis/xml/errors/errors-docs.factor
index b95aecc47a..46c4fbe466 100644
--- a/basis/xml/errors/errors-docs.factor
+++ b/basis/xml/errors/errors-docs.factor
@@ -10,44 +10,68 @@ HELP: notags
 { $class-description "XML parsing error describing the case where an XML document contains no main tag, or any tags at all" } ;
 
 HELP: extra-attrs
-{ $class-description "XML parsing error describing the case where the XML prolog (<?xml ...?>) contains attributes other than the three allowed ones, standalone, version and encoding. Contains one slot, attrs, which is a hashtable of all the extra attributes' names. Delegates to " { $link parsing-error } "." } ;
+{ $class-description "XML parsing error describing the case where the XML prolog (" { $snippet "<?xml ...?>" } ") contains attributes other than the three allowed ones, standalone, version and encoding. Contains one slot, attrs, which is a hashtable of all the extra attributes' names. Delegates to " { $link xml-error-at } "." } ;
 
 HELP: nonexist-ns
-{ $class-description "XML parsing error describing the case where a namespace doesn't exist but it is used in a tag. Contains one slot, name, which contains the name of the undeclared namespace, and delegates to " { $link parsing-error } "." } ;
+{ $class-description "XML parsing error describing the case where a namespace doesn't exist but it is used in a tag. Contains one slot, name, which contains the name of the undeclared namespace, and delegates to " { $link xml-error-at } "." } ;
 
 HELP: not-yes/no
-{ $class-description "XML parsing error used to describe the case where standalone is set in the XML prolog to something other than 'yes' or 'no'. Delegates to " { $link parsing-error } " and contains one slot, text, which contains offending value." } ;
+{ $class-description "XML parsing error used to describe the case where standalone is set in the XML prolog to something other than 'yes' or 'no'. Delegates to " { $link xml-error-at } " and contains one slot, text, which contains offending value." } ;
 
 HELP: unclosed
 { $class-description "XML parsing error used to describe the case where the XML document contains classes which are not closed by the end of the document. Contains one slot, tags, a sequence of names." } ;
 
 HELP: mismatched
-{ $class-description "XML parsing error describing mismatched tags, eg <a></c>. Contains two slots: open is the name of the opening tag and close is the name of the closing tag. Delegates to " { $link parsing-error } " showing the location of the closing tag" } ;
+{ $class-description "XML parsing error describing mismatched tags, eg " { $snippet "<a></c>" } ". Contains two slots: open is the name of the opening tag and close is the name of the closing tag. Delegates to " { $link xml-error-at } " showing the location of the closing tag" } ;
 
 HELP: expected
-{ $class-description "XML parsing error describing when an expected token was not present. Delegates to " { $link parsing-error } ". Contains two slots, should-be, which has the expected string, and was, which has the actual string." } ;
+{ $class-description "XML parsing error describing when an expected token was not present. Delegates to " { $link xml-error-at } ". Contains two slots, should-be, which has the expected string, and was, which has the actual string." } ;
 
 HELP: no-entity
-{ $class-description "XML parsing error describing the use of an undefined entity in a case where standalone is marked yes. Delegates to " { $link parsing-error } ". Contains one slot, thing, containing a string representing the entity." } ;
+{ $class-description "XML parsing error describing the use of an undefined entity in a case where standalone is marked yes. Delegates to " { $link xml-error-at } ". Contains one slot, thing, containing a string representing the entity." } ;
 
 
 HELP: pre/post-content
-{ $class-description "describes the error where a non-whitespace string is used before or after the main tag in an XML document. Contains two slots: string contains the offending string, and pre? is t if it occured before the main tag and f if it occured after" } ;
+{ $class-description "Describes the error where a non-whitespace string is used before or after the main tag in an XML document. Contains two slots: string contains the offending string, and pre? is t if it occured before the main tag and f if it occured after" } ;
 
 HELP: unclosed-quote
-{ $class-description "describes the error where a quotation for an attribute value is opened but not closed before the end of the document." } ;
+{ $class-description "Describes the error where a quotation for an attribute value is opened but not closed before the end of the document." } ;
 
 HELP: bad-name
-{ $class-description "describes the error where a name is used, for example in an XML tag or attribute key, which is invalid." } ;
+{ $class-description "Describes the error where a name is used, for example in an XML tag or attribute key, which is invalid." } ;
 
 HELP: quoteless-attr
-{ $class-description "describes the error where an attribute of an XML tag is missing quotes around a value." } ;
+{ $class-description "Describes the error where an attribute of an XML tag is missing quotes around a value." } ;
 
-HELP: xml-parse-error
-{ $class-description "the exception class that all parsing errors in XML documents are in." } ;
+HELP: disallowed-char
+{ $class-description "Describes the error where a disallowed character occurs in an XML document." } ;
+
+HELP: missing-close
+{ $class-description "Describes the error where a particular closing token is missing." } ;
+
+HELP: unexpected-end
+{ $class-description "Describes the error where a document unexpectedly ends, and the XML parser expected it to continue." } ;
+
+HELP: duplicate-attr
+{ $class-description "Describes the error where there is more than one attribute of the same key." } ;
+
+HELP: bad-cdata
+{ $class-description "Describes the error where CDATA is used outside of the main tag of an XML document." } ;
+
+HELP: text-w/]]>
+{ $class-description "Describes the error where a text node contains the literal string " { $snippet "]]>" } " which is disallowed." } ;
+
+HELP: attr-w/<
+{ $class-description "Describes the error where an attribute value contains the literal character " { $snippet "<" } " which is disallowed." } ;
+
+HELP: misplaced-directive
+{ $class-description "Describes the error where an internal DTD directive is used outside of a DOCTYPE or DTD file, or where a DOCTYPE occurs somewhere other than before the main tag of an XML document." } ;
+
+HELP: xml-error
+{ $class-description "The exception class that all parsing errors in XML documents are in." } ;
 
 ARTICLE: "xml.errors" "XML parsing errors"
-    { $vocab-link "xml.errors" } " provides a rich and highly inspectable set of parsing errors. All XML errors are described by the union class " { $link xml-parse-error } " but there are many classes contained in that:"
+"The " { $vocab-link "xml.errors" } " vocabulary provides a rich and highly inspectable set of parsing errors. All XML errors are described by the union class " { $link xml-error } " but there are many classes contained in that:"
     { $subsection multitags }
     { $subsection notags }
     { $subsection extra-attrs }
@@ -61,7 +85,15 @@ ARTICLE: "xml.errors" "XML parsing errors"
     { $subsection unclosed-quote }
     { $subsection bad-name }
     { $subsection quoteless-attr }
-    "Additionally, most of these errors are a kind of " { $link parsing-error } " which provides more information"
+    { $subsection disallowed-char }
+    { $subsection missing-close }
+    { $subsection unexpected-end }
+    { $subsection duplicate-attr }
+    { $subsection bad-cdata }
+    { $subsection text-w/]]> }
+    { $subsection attr-w/< }
+    { $subsection misplaced-directive }
+    "Additionally, most of these errors are a kind of " { $link xml-error-at } " which provides more information"
     $nl
     "Note that, in parsing an XML document, only the first error is reported." ;
 
diff --git a/basis/xml/errors/errors-tests.factor b/basis/xml/errors/errors-tests.factor
index bf02f4b6ca..4204979941 100644
--- a/basis/xml/errors/errors-tests.factor
+++ b/basis/xml/errors/errors-tests.factor
@@ -27,12 +27,16 @@ T{ pre/post-content f "x" t } "x<y/>" xml-error-test
 T{ versionless-prolog f 1 8 } "<?xml?><x/>" xml-error-test
 T{ unclosed-quote f 1 13 } "<x value='/>" xml-error-test
 T{ bad-name f 1 3 "-" } "<-/>" xml-error-test
+T{ quoteless-attr f 1 12 } "<x value=<->/>" xml-error-test
 T{ quoteless-attr f 1 10 } "<x value=3/>" xml-error-test
 T{ attr-w/< f 1 11 } "<x value='<'/>" xml-error-test
 T{ text-w/]]> f 1 6 } "<x>]]></x>" xml-error-test
 T{ duplicate-attr f 1 21 T{ name { space "" } { main "this" } } V{ "a" "b" } } "<x this='a' this='b'/>" xml-error-test
 T{ bad-cdata f 1 3 } "<![CDATA[]]><x/>" xml-error-test
 T{ bad-cdata f 1 7 } "<x/><![CDATA[]]>" xml-error-test
-T{ pre/post-content f "&" t } "&32;<x/>" xml-error-test
+T{ pre/post-content f "&" t } "&#32;<x/>" xml-error-test
 T{ bad-doctype f 1 17 "a" } "<!DOCTYPE foo [ a ]><x/>" xml-error-test
 T{ bad-doctype f 1 22 T{ opener { name T{ name f "" "foo" "" } } { attrs T{ attrs } } } } "<!DOCTYPE foo [ <foo> ]><x/>" xml-error-test
+T{ disallowed-char f 1 3 1 } "<x>\u000001</x>" xml-error-test
+T{ missing-close f 1 9 } "<!-- foo" xml-error-test
+T{ misplaced-directive f 1 9 "ENTITY" } "<!ENTITY foo 'bar'><x/>" xml-error-test
diff --git a/basis/xml/errors/errors.factor b/basis/xml/errors/errors.factor
index fe152e84c3..df38724412 100644
--- a/basis/xml/errors/errors.factor
+++ b/basis/xml/errors/errors.factor
@@ -5,22 +5,22 @@ debugger sequences xml.state accessors summary
 namespaces io.streams.string ;
 IN: xml.errors
 
-TUPLE: parsing-error line column ;
+TUPLE: xml-error-at line column ;
 
-: parsing-error ( class -- obj )
+: xml-error-at ( class -- obj )
     new
         get-line >>line
         get-column >>column ;
-M: parsing-error summary ( obj -- str )
+M: xml-error-at summary ( obj -- str )
     [
-        "Parsing error" print
+        "XML parsing error" print
         "Line: " write dup line>> .
         "Column: " write column>> .
     ] with-string-writer ;
 
-TUPLE: expected < parsing-error should-be was ;
+TUPLE: expected < xml-error-at should-be was ;
 : expected ( should-be was -- * )
-    \ expected parsing-error
+    \ expected xml-error-at
         swap >>was
         swap >>should-be throw ;
 M: expected summary ( obj -- str )
@@ -30,26 +30,26 @@ M: expected summary ( obj -- str )
         "Token present: " write was>> print
     ] with-string-writer ;
 
-TUPLE: unexpected-end < parsing-error ;
-: unexpected-end ( -- * ) \ unexpected-end parsing-error throw ;
+TUPLE: unexpected-end < xml-error-at ;
+: unexpected-end ( -- * ) \ unexpected-end xml-error-at throw ;
 M: unexpected-end summary ( obj -- str )
     [
         call-next-method write
         "File unexpectedly ended." print
     ] with-string-writer ;
 
-TUPLE: missing-close < parsing-error ;
-: missing-close ( -- * ) \ missing-close parsing-error throw ;
+TUPLE: missing-close < xml-error-at ;
+: missing-close ( -- * ) \ missing-close xml-error-at throw ;
 M: missing-close summary ( obj -- str )
     [
         call-next-method write
         "Missing closing token." print
     ] with-string-writer ;
 
-TUPLE: disallowed-char < parsing-error char ;
+TUPLE: disallowed-char < xml-error-at char ;
 
 : disallowed-char ( char -- * )
-    \ disallowed-char parsing-error swap >>char throw ;
+    \ disallowed-char xml-error-at swap >>char throw ;
 
 M: disallowed-char summary
     [ call-next-method ]
@@ -72,10 +72,10 @@ M: pre/post-content summary ( obj -- str )
         " the main tag." print
     ] with-string-writer ;
 
-TUPLE: no-entity < parsing-error thing ;
+TUPLE: no-entity < xml-error-at thing ;
 
 : no-entity ( string -- * )
-    \ no-entity parsing-error swap >>thing throw ;
+    \ no-entity xml-error-at swap >>thing throw ;
 
 M: no-entity summary ( obj -- str )
     [
@@ -83,10 +83,10 @@ M: no-entity summary ( obj -- str )
         "Entity does not exist: &" write thing>> write ";" print
     ] with-string-writer ;
 
-TUPLE: mismatched < parsing-error open close ;
+TUPLE: mismatched < xml-error-at open close ;
 
 : mismatched ( open close -- * )
-    \ mismatched parsing-error swap >>close swap >>open throw ;
+    \ mismatched xml-error-at swap >>close swap >>open throw ;
 
 M: mismatched summary ( obj -- str )
     [
@@ -96,10 +96,10 @@ M: mismatched summary ( obj -- str )
         "Closing tag: </" write close>> print-name ">" print
     ] with-string-writer ;
 
-TUPLE: unclosed < parsing-error tags ;
+TUPLE: unclosed < xml-error-at tags ;
 
 : unclosed ( -- * )
-    \ unclosed parsing-error
+    \ unclosed xml-error-at
         xml-stack get rest-slice [ first name>> ] map >>tags
     throw ;
 
@@ -111,10 +111,10 @@ M: unclosed summary ( obj -- str )
         tags>> [ "  <" write print-name ">" print ] each
     ] with-string-writer ;
 
-TUPLE: bad-uri < parsing-error string ;
+TUPLE: bad-uri < xml-error-at string ;
 
 : bad-uri ( string -- * )
-    \ bad-uri parsing-error swap >>string throw ;
+    \ bad-uri xml-error-at swap >>string throw ;
 
 M: bad-uri summary ( obj -- str )
     [
@@ -122,10 +122,10 @@ M: bad-uri summary ( obj -- str )
         "Bad URI:" print string>> .
     ] with-string-writer ;
 
-TUPLE: nonexist-ns < parsing-error name ;
+TUPLE: nonexist-ns < xml-error-at name ;
 
 : nonexist-ns ( name-string -- * )
-    \ nonexist-ns parsing-error swap >>name throw ;
+    \ nonexist-ns xml-error-at swap >>name throw ;
 
 M: nonexist-ns summary ( obj -- str )
     [
@@ -133,10 +133,10 @@ M: nonexist-ns summary ( obj -- str )
         "Namespace " write name>> write " has not been declared" print
     ] with-string-writer ;
 
-TUPLE: unopened < parsing-error ; ! this should give which tag was unopened
+TUPLE: unopened < xml-error-at ; ! this should give which tag was unopened
 
 : unopened ( -- * )
-    \ unopened parsing-error throw ;
+    \ unopened xml-error-at throw ;
 
 M: unopened summary ( obj -- str )
     [
@@ -144,10 +144,10 @@ M: unopened summary ( obj -- str )
         "Closed an unopened tag" print
     ] with-string-writer ;
 
-TUPLE: not-yes/no < parsing-error text ;
+TUPLE: not-yes/no < xml-error-at text ;
 
 : not-yes/no ( text -- * )
-    \ not-yes/no parsing-error swap >>text throw ;
+    \ not-yes/no xml-error-at swap >>text throw ;
 
 M: not-yes/no summary ( obj -- str )
     [
@@ -157,10 +157,10 @@ M: not-yes/no summary ( obj -- str )
     ] with-string-writer ;
 
 ! this should actually print the names
-TUPLE: extra-attrs < parsing-error attrs ;
+TUPLE: extra-attrs < xml-error-at attrs ;
 
 : extra-attrs ( attrs -- * )
-    \ extra-attrs parsing-error swap >>attrs throw ;
+    \ extra-attrs xml-error-at swap >>attrs throw ;
 
 M: extra-attrs summary ( obj -- str )
     [
@@ -169,10 +169,10 @@ M: extra-attrs summary ( obj -- str )
         attrs>> .
     ] with-string-writer ;
 
-TUPLE: bad-version < parsing-error num ;
+TUPLE: bad-version < xml-error-at num ;
 
 : bad-version ( num -- * )
-    \ bad-version parsing-error swap >>num throw ;
+    \ bad-version xml-error-at swap >>num throw ;
 
 M: bad-version summary ( obj -- str )
     [
@@ -185,10 +185,10 @@ ERROR: notags ;
 M: notags summary ( obj -- str )
     drop "XML document lacks a main tag" ;
 
-TUPLE: bad-prolog < parsing-error prolog ;
+TUPLE: bad-prolog < xml-error-at prolog ;
 
 : bad-prolog ( prolog -- * )
-    \ bad-prolog parsing-error swap >>prolog throw ;
+    \ bad-prolog xml-error-at swap >>prolog throw ;
 
 M: bad-prolog summary ( obj -- str )
     [
@@ -197,10 +197,10 @@ M: bad-prolog summary ( obj -- str )
         prolog>> write-prolog nl
     ] with-string-writer ;
 
-TUPLE: capitalized-prolog < parsing-error name ;
+TUPLE: capitalized-prolog < xml-error-at name ;
 
 : capitalized-prolog ( name -- capitalized-prolog )
-    \ capitalized-prolog parsing-error swap >>name throw ;
+    \ capitalized-prolog xml-error-at swap >>name throw ;
 
 M: capitalized-prolog summary ( obj -- str )
     [
@@ -210,10 +210,10 @@ M: capitalized-prolog summary ( obj -- str )
         " instead of <?xml...?>" print
     ] with-string-writer ;
 
-TUPLE: versionless-prolog < parsing-error ;
+TUPLE: versionless-prolog < xml-error-at ;
 
 : versionless-prolog ( -- * )
-    \ versionless-prolog parsing-error throw ;
+    \ versionless-prolog xml-error-at throw ;
 
 M: versionless-prolog summary ( obj -- str )
     [
@@ -221,10 +221,10 @@ M: versionless-prolog summary ( obj -- str )
         "XML prolog lacks a version declaration" print
     ] with-string-writer ;
 
-TUPLE: bad-directive < parsing-error dir ;
+TUPLE: bad-directive < xml-error-at dir ;
 
 : bad-directive ( directive -- * )
-    \ bad-directive parsing-error swap >>dir throw ;
+    \ bad-directive xml-error-at swap >>dir throw ;
 
 M: bad-directive summary ( obj -- str )
     [
@@ -233,26 +233,26 @@ M: bad-directive summary ( obj -- str )
         dir>> write
     ] with-string-writer ;
 
-TUPLE: bad-decl < parsing-error ;
+TUPLE: bad-decl < xml-error-at ;
 
 : bad-decl ( -- * )
-    \ bad-decl parsing-error throw ;
+    \ bad-decl xml-error-at throw ;
 
 M: bad-decl summary ( obj -- str )
     call-next-method "\nExtra content in directive" append ;
 
-TUPLE: bad-external-id < parsing-error ;
+TUPLE: bad-external-id < xml-error-at ;
 
 : bad-external-id ( -- * )
-    \ bad-external-id parsing-error throw ;
+    \ bad-external-id xml-error-at throw ;
 
 M: bad-external-id summary ( obj -- str )
     call-next-method "\nBad external ID" append ;
 
-TUPLE: misplaced-directive < parsing-error dir ;
+TUPLE: misplaced-directive < xml-error-at dir ;
 
 : misplaced-directive ( directive -- * )
-    \ misplaced-directive parsing-error swap >>dir throw ;
+    \ misplaced-directive xml-error-at swap >>dir throw ;
 
 M: misplaced-directive summary ( obj -- str )
     [
@@ -261,86 +261,82 @@ M: misplaced-directive summary ( obj -- str )
         dir>> write-xml-chunk nl
     ] with-string-writer ;
 
-TUPLE: bad-name < parsing-error name ;
+TUPLE: bad-name < xml-error-at name ;
 
 : bad-name ( name -- * )
-    \ bad-name parsing-error swap >>name throw ;
+    \ bad-name xml-error-at swap >>name throw ;
 
 M: bad-name summary ( obj -- str )
     [ call-next-method ]
     [ "Invalid name: " swap name>> "\n" 3append ]
     bi append ;
 
-TUPLE: unclosed-quote < parsing-error ;
+TUPLE: unclosed-quote < xml-error-at ;
 
 : unclosed-quote ( -- * )
-    \ unclosed-quote parsing-error throw ;
+    \ unclosed-quote xml-error-at throw ;
 
 M: unclosed-quote summary
     call-next-method
     "XML document ends with quote still open\n" append ;
 
-TUPLE: quoteless-attr < parsing-error ;
+TUPLE: quoteless-attr < xml-error-at ;
 
 : quoteless-attr ( -- * )
-    \ quoteless-attr parsing-error throw ;
+    \ quoteless-attr xml-error-at throw ;
 
 M: quoteless-attr summary
     call-next-method "Attribute lacks quotes around value\n" append ;
 
-TUPLE: attr-w/< < parsing-error ;
+TUPLE: attr-w/< < xml-error-at ;
 
 : attr-w/< ( value -- * )
-    \ attr-w/< parsing-error throw ;
+    \ attr-w/< xml-error-at throw ;
 
 M: attr-w/< summary
     call-next-method
     "Attribute value contains literal <" append ;
 
-TUPLE: text-w/]]> < parsing-error ;
+TUPLE: text-w/]]> < xml-error-at ;
 
 : text-w/]]> ( text -- * )
-    \ text-w/]]> parsing-error throw ;
+    \ text-w/]]> xml-error-at throw ;
 
 M: text-w/]]> summary
     call-next-method
     "Text node contains ']]>'" append ;
 
-TUPLE: duplicate-attr < parsing-error key values ;
+TUPLE: duplicate-attr < xml-error-at key values ;
 
 : duplicate-attr ( key values -- * )
-    \ duplicate-attr parsing-error
+    \ duplicate-attr xml-error-at
     swap >>values swap >>key throw ;
 
 M: duplicate-attr summary
     call-next-method "\nDuplicate attribute" append ;
 
-TUPLE: bad-cdata < parsing-error ;
+TUPLE: bad-cdata < xml-error-at ;
 
 : bad-cdata ( -- * )
-    \ bad-cdata parsing-error throw ;
+    \ bad-cdata xml-error-at throw ;
 
 M: bad-cdata summary
     call-next-method "\nCDATA occurs before or after main tag" append ;
 
-TUPLE: not-enough-characters < parsing-error ;
+TUPLE: not-enough-characters < xml-error-at ;
 : not-enough-characters ( -- * )
-    \ not-enough-characters parsing-error throw ;
+    \ not-enough-characters xml-error-at throw ;
 M: not-enough-characters summary ( obj -- str )
     [
         call-next-method write
         "Not enough characters" print
     ] with-string-writer ;
 
-TUPLE: bad-doctype < parsing-error contents ;
+TUPLE: bad-doctype < xml-error-at contents ;
 : bad-doctype ( contents -- * )
-    \ bad-doctype parsing-error swap >>contents throw ;
+    \ bad-doctype xml-error-at swap >>contents throw ;
 M: bad-doctype summary
     call-next-method "\nDTD contains invalid object" append ;
 
-UNION: xml-parse-error
-    multitags notags extra-attrs nonexist-ns bad-decl
-    not-yes/no unclosed mismatched expected no-entity
-    bad-prolog versionless-prolog capitalized-prolog
-    bad-directive bad-name unclosed-quote quoteless-attr
-    attr-w/< text-w/]]> duplicate-attr ;
+UNION: xml-error
+    multitags notags pre/post-content xml-error-at ;
diff --git a/basis/xml/interpolate/interpolate-docs.factor b/basis/xml/interpolate/interpolate-docs.factor
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..23972ba7a4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/basis/xml/interpolate/interpolate-docs.factor
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+USING: help.markup help.syntax present multiline ;
+IN: xml.interpolate
+
+ABOUT: "xml.interpolate"
+
+ARTICLE: "xml.interpolate" "XML literal interpolation"
+"The " { $vocab-link "xml.interpolate" } " vocabulary provides a convenient syntax for generating XML documents and chunks. It defines the following parsing words:"
+{ $subsection POSTPONE: <XML }
+{ $subsection POSTPONE: [XML }
+"For a description of the common syntax of these two, see"
+{ $subsection { "xml.interpolate" "in-depth" } } ;
+
+HELP: <XML
+{ $syntax "<XML <?xml version=\"1.0\"?><document>...</document> XML>" }
+{ $description "This syntax allows the interpolation of XML documents. When evaluated, there is an XML document on the stack. For more information about XML interpolation, see " { $link { "xml.interpolate" "in-depth" } } "." } ;
+
+HELP: [XML
+{ $syntax "[XML foo <x>...</x> bar <y>...</y> baz XML]" }
+{ $description "This syntax allows the interpolation of XML chunks. When evaluated, there is a sequence of XML elements (tags, strings, comments, etc) on the stack. For more information about XML interpolation, see " { $link { "xml.interpolate" "in-depth" } } "." } ;
+
+ARTICLE: { "xml.interpolate" "in-depth" } "XML interpolation syntax"
+"XML interpolation has two forms for each of the words " { $link POSTPONE: <XML } " and " { $link POSTPONE: [XML } ": a fry-like form and a locals form. To splice locals in, use the syntax " { $snippet "<-variable->" } ". To splice something in from the stack, in the style of " { $vocab-link "fry" } ", use the syntax " { $snippet "<->" } ". An XML interpolation form may only use one of these styles."
+$nl
+"These forms can be used where a tag might go, as in " { $snippet "[XML <foo><-></foo> XML]" } " or where an attribute might go, as in " { $snippet "[XML <foo bar=<->/> XML]" } ". When an attribute is spliced in, it is not included if the value is " { $snippet "f" } " and if the value is not a string, the value is put through " { $link present } ". Here is an example of the fry style of XML interpolation:"
+{ $example 
+{" USING: splitting sequences xml.writer xml.interpolate ;
+"one two three" " " split
+[ [XML <item><-></item> XML] ] map
+<XML <doc><-></doc> XML> pprint-xml"}
+{" <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<doc>
+  <item>
+    one
+  </item>
+  <item>
+    two
+  </item>
+  <item>
+    three
+  </item>
+</doc>"} }
+"Here is an example of the locals version:"
+{ $example
+{" USING: locals urls xml.interpolate xml.writer ;
+[let |
+    number [ 3 ]
+    false [ f ]
+    url [ URL" http://factorcode.org/" ]
+    string [ "hello" ]
+    word [ \ drop ] |
+    <XML
+        <x
+            number=<-number->
+            false=<-false->
+            url=<-url->
+            string=<-string->
+            word=<-word-> />
+    XML> pprint-xml ] "}
+{" <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<x number="3" url="http://factorcode.org/" string="hello" word="drop"/>"} } ;
diff --git a/basis/xml/interpolate/interpolate-tests.factor b/basis/xml/interpolate/interpolate-tests.factor
index 48f76b8746..817cb453fa 100644
--- a/basis/xml/interpolate/interpolate-tests.factor
+++ b/basis/xml/interpolate/interpolate-tests.factor
@@ -2,12 +2,12 @@
 ! See http://factorcode.org/license.txt for BSD license.
 USING: tools.test xml.interpolate multiline kernel assocs
 sequences accessors xml.writer xml.interpolate.private
-locals splitting ;
+locals splitting urls ;
 IN: xml.interpolate.tests
 
 [ "a" "c" { "a" "c" f } ] [
     "<?xml version='1.0'?><x><-a-><b val=<-c->/><-></x>"
-    interpolated-doc
+    string>doc
     [ second var>> ]
     [ fourth "val" swap at var>> ]
     [ extract-variables ] tri
@@ -44,3 +44,16 @@ IN: xml.interpolate.tests
     [ [XML <item><-></item> XML] ] map
     <XML <doc><-></doc> XML> pprint-xml>string
 ] unit-test
+
+[ {" <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<x number="3" url="http://factorcode.org/" string="hello" word="drop"/>"} ]
+[ 3 f URL" http://factorcode.org/" "hello" \ drop
+  <XML <x number=<-> false=<-> url=<-> string=<-> word=<->/> XML>
+  pprint-xml>string  ] unit-test
+
+[ "<x>3</x>" ] [ 3 [XML <x><-></x> XML] xml-chunk>string ] unit-test
+[ "<x></x>" ] [ f [XML <x><-></x> XML] xml-chunk>string ] unit-test
+
+\ parse-def must-infer
+[ "" interpolate-chunk ] must-infer
+[ [XML <foo><-></foo> <bar val=<->/> XML] ] must-infer
diff --git a/basis/xml/interpolate/interpolate.factor b/basis/xml/interpolate/interpolate.factor
index 7b041ec53d..0b3bb15456 100644
--- a/basis/xml/interpolate/interpolate.factor
+++ b/basis/xml/interpolate/interpolate.factor
@@ -2,22 +2,25 @@
 ! See http://factorcode.org/license.txt for BSD license.
 USING: xml xml.state kernel sequences fry assocs xml.data
 accessors strings make multiline parser namespaces macros
-sequences.deep generalizations locals words combinators
-math ;
+sequences.deep generalizations words combinators
+math present arrays ;
 IN: xml.interpolate
 
 <PRIVATE
 
-: interpolated-chunk ( string -- chunk )
+: string>chunk ( string -- chunk )
     t interpolating? [ string>xml-chunk ] with-variable ;
 
-: interpolated-doc ( string -- xml )
+: string>doc ( string -- xml )
     t interpolating? [ string>xml ] with-variable ;
 
 DEFER: interpolate-sequence
 
 : interpolate-attrs ( table attrs -- attrs )
-    swap '[ dup interpolated? [ var>> _ at ] when ] assoc-map ;
+    swap '[
+        dup interpolated?
+        [ var>> _ at dup [ present ] when ] when
+    ] assoc-map [ nip ] assoc-filter ;
 
 : interpolate-tag ( table tag -- tag )
     [ nip name>> ]
@@ -27,8 +30,11 @@ DEFER: interpolate-sequence
 
 GENERIC: push-item ( item -- )
 M: string push-item , ;
-M: object push-item , ;
-M: sequence push-item % ;
+M: xml-data push-item , ;
+M: object push-item present , ;
+M: sequence push-item
+    [ dup array? [ % ] [ , ] if ] each ;
+M: number push-item present , ;
 
 GENERIC: interpolate-item ( table item -- )
 M: object interpolate-item nip , ;
@@ -42,27 +48,29 @@ M: interpolated interpolate-item
 : interpolate-xml-doc ( table xml -- xml )
     (clone) [ interpolate-tag ] change-body ;
 
-GENERIC# (each-interpolated) 1 ( item quot -- ) inline
-M: interpolated (each-interpolated) call ;
-M: tag (each-interpolated)
-    swap attrs>> values
-    [ interpolated? ] filter
-    swap each ;
-M: object (each-interpolated) 2drop ;
+: (each-interpolated) ( item quot: ( interpolated -- ) -- )
+     {
+        { [ over interpolated? ] [ call ] }
+        { [ over tag? ] [
+            [ attrs>> values [ interpolated? ] filter ] dip each
+        ] }
+        { [ over xml? ] [ [ body>> ] dip (each-interpolated) ] }
+        [ 2drop ]
+     } cond ; inline recursive
 
 : each-interpolated ( xml quot -- )
     '[ _ (each-interpolated) ] deep-each ; inline
 
-:: number<-> ( doc -- doc )
-    0 :> n! doc [
-        dup var>> [ n >>var n 1+ n! ] unless drop
-    ] each-interpolated doc ;
+: number<-> ( doc -- dup )
+    0 over [
+        dup var>> [ over >>var [ 1+ ] dip ] unless drop
+    ] each-interpolated drop ;
 
 MACRO: interpolate-xml ( string -- doc )
-    interpolated-doc number<-> '[ _ interpolate-xml-doc ] ;
+    string>doc number<-> '[ _ interpolate-xml-doc ] ;
 
 MACRO: interpolate-chunk ( string -- chunk )
-    interpolated-chunk number<-> '[ _ interpolate-sequence ] ;
+    string>chunk number<-> '[ _ interpolate-sequence ] ;
 
 : >search-hash ( seq -- hash )
     [ dup search ] H{ } map>assoc ;
@@ -70,19 +78,22 @@ MACRO: interpolate-chunk ( string -- chunk )
 : extract-variables ( xml -- seq )
     [ [ var>> , ] each-interpolated ] { } make ;
 
+: nenum ( ... n -- assoc )
+    narray <enum> ; inline
+
 : collect ( accum seq -- accum )
     {
         { [ dup [ ] all? ] [ >search-hash parsed ] } ! locals
         { [ dup [ not ] all? ] [ ! fry
-            length parsed \ narray parsed \ <enum> parsed
+            length parsed \ nenum parsed
         ] }
         [ drop "XML interpolation contains both fry and locals" throw ] ! mixed
     } cond ;
 
 : parse-def ( accum delimiter word -- accum )
     [
-        parse-multiline-string
-        [ interpolated-chunk extract-variables collect ] keep
+        parse-multiline-string but-last
+        [ string>chunk extract-variables collect ] keep
         parsed
     ] dip parsed ;
 
diff --git a/basis/xml/interpolate/summary.txt b/basis/xml/interpolate/summary.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7c18fc8c76
--- /dev/null
+++ b/basis/xml/interpolate/summary.txt
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Syntax for XML interpolation
diff --git a/basis/xml/interpolate/tags.txt b/basis/xml/interpolate/tags.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d236e9679f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/basis/xml/interpolate/tags.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+syntax
+enterprise
diff --git a/basis/xml/tests/test.factor b/basis/xml/tests/test.factor
index 488bd911bd..e3a7fdbc7a 100644
--- a/basis/xml/tests/test.factor
+++ b/basis/xml/tests/test.factor
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-! Copyright (C) 2005, 2006 Daniel Ehrenberg
+! Copyright (C) 2005, 2009 Daniel Ehrenberg
 ! See http://factorcode.org/license.txt for BSD license.
 IN: xml.tests
 USING: kernel xml tools.test io namespaces make sequences
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ sequences.deep accessors io.streams.string ;
 
 ! This is insufficient
 \ read-xml must-infer
-[ [ drop ] sax ] must-infer
+[ [ drop ] each-element ] must-infer
 \ string>xml must-infer
 
 SYMBOL: xml-file
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ SYMBOL: xml-file
     xml-file get T{ name f "" "this" "http://d.de" } swap at
 ] unit-test
 [ t ] [ xml-file get children>> second contained-tag? ] unit-test
-[ "<a></b>" string>xml ] [ xml-parse-error? ] must-fail-with
+[ "<a></b>" string>xml ] [ xml-error? ] must-fail-with
 [ T{ comment f "This is where the fun begins!" } ] [
     xml-file get before>> [ comment? ] find nip
 ] unit-test
diff --git a/basis/xml/utilities/tags.txt b/basis/xml/utilities/tags.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..71c0ff7282
--- /dev/null
+++ b/basis/xml/utilities/tags.txt
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+syntax
diff --git a/basis/xml/utilities/utilities-docs.factor b/basis/xml/utilities/utilities-docs.factor
index 5e391832dd..161ca824c3 100644
--- a/basis/xml/utilities/utilities-docs.factor
+++ b/basis/xml/utilities/utilities-docs.factor
@@ -6,11 +6,6 @@ IN: xml.utilities
 ABOUT: "xml.utilities"
 
 ARTICLE: "xml.utilities" "Utilities for processing XML"
-    "Utilities for processing XML include..."
-    $nl
-    "System sfor creating words which dispatch on XML tags:"
-    { $subsection POSTPONE: PROCESS: }
-    { $subsection POSTPONE: TAG: }
     "Getting parts of an XML document or tag:"
     $nl
     "Note: the difference between deep-tag-named and tag-named is that the former searches recursively among all children and children of children of the tag, while the latter only looks at the direct children, and is therefore more efficient."
@@ -19,11 +14,7 @@ ARTICLE: "xml.utilities" "Utilities for processing XML"
     { $subsection deep-tag-named }
     { $subsection deep-tags-named }
     { $subsection get-id }
-    "Words for simplified generation of XML:"
-    { $subsection build-tag* }
-    { $subsection build-tag }
-    { $subsection build-xml }
-    "Other relevant words:"
+    "To get at the contents of a single tag, use"
     { $subsection children>string }
     { $subsection children-tags }
     { $subsection first-child-tag }
@@ -31,71 +22,42 @@ ARTICLE: "xml.utilities" "Utilities for processing XML"
 
 HELP: deep-tag-named
 { $values { "tag" "an XML tag or document" } { "name/string" "an XML name or string representing a name" } { "matching-tag" tag } }
-{ $description "finds an XML tag with a matching name, recursively searching children and children of children" }
+{ $description "Finds an XML tag with a matching name, recursively searching children and children of children." }
 { $see-also tags-named tag-named deep-tags-named } ;
 
 HELP: deep-tags-named
 { $values { "tag" "an XML tag or document" } { "name/string" "an XML name or string representing a name" } { "tags-seq" "a sequence of tags" } }
-{ $description "returns a sequence of all tags of a matching name, recursively searching children and children of children" }
+{ $description "Returns a sequence of all tags of a matching name, recursively searching children and children of children." }
 { $see-also tag-named deep-tag-named tags-named } ;
 
 HELP: children>string
 { $values { "tag" "an XML tag or document" } { "string" "a string" } }
-{ $description "concatenates the children of the tag, ignoring everything that's not a string" } ;
+{ $description "Concatenates the children of the tag, throwing an exception when there is a non-string child." } ;
 
 HELP: children-tags
 { $values { "tag" "an XML tag or document" } { "sequence" sequence } }
-{ $description "gets the children of the tag that are themselves tags" }
+{ $description "Gets the children of the tag that are themselves tags." }
 { $see-also first-child-tag } ;
 
 HELP: first-child-tag
 { $values { "tag" "an XML tag or document" } { "tag" tag } }
-{ $description "returns the first child of the given tag that is a tag" }
+{ $description "Returns the first child of the given tag that is a tag." }
 { $see-also children-tags } ;
 
 HELP: tag-named
 { $values { "tag" "an XML tag or document" }
     { "name/string" "an XML name or string representing the name" }
     { "matching-tag" tag } }
-{ $description "finds the first tag with matching name which is the direct child of the given tag" }
+{ $description "Finds the first tag with matching name which is the direct child of the given tag." }
 { $see-also deep-tags-named deep-tag-named tags-named } ;
 
 HELP: tags-named
 { $values { "tag" "an XML tag or document" }
     { "name/string" "an XML name or string representing the name" }
     { "tags-seq" "a sequence of tags" } }
-{ $description "finds all tags with matching name that are the direct children of the given tag" }
+{ $description "Finds all tags with matching name that are the direct children of the given tag." }
 { $see-also deep-tag-named deep-tags-named tag-named } ;
 
 HELP: get-id
 { $values { "tag" "an XML tag or document" } { "id" "a string" } { "elem" "an XML element or f" } }
-{ $description "finds the XML tag with the specified id, ignoring the namespace" } ;
-
-HELP: PROCESS:
-{ $syntax "PROCESS: word" }
-{ $values { "word" "a new word to define" } }
-{ $description "creates a new word to process XML tags" }
-{ $see-also POSTPONE: TAG: } ;
-
-HELP: TAG:
-{ $syntax "TAG: tag word definition... ;" }
-{ $values { "tag" "an xml tag name" } { "word" "an XML process" } }
-{ $description "defines what a process should do when it encounters a specific tag" }
-{ $examples { $code "PROCESS: x ( tag -- )\nTAG: a x drop \"hi\" write ;" } }
-{ $see-also POSTPONE: PROCESS: } ;
-
-HELP: build-tag*
-{ $values { "items" "sequence of elements" } { "name" "string" }
-    { "tag" tag } }
-{ $description "builds a " { $link tag } " with the specified name, in the namespace \"\" and URL \"\" containing the children listed in item" }
-{ $see-also build-tag build-xml } ;
-
-HELP: build-tag
-{ $values { "item" "an element" } { "name" string } { "tag" tag } }
-{ $description "builds a " { $link tag } " with the specified name containing the single child item" }
-{ $see-also build-tag* build-xml } ;
-
-HELP: build-xml
-{ $values { "tag" tag } { "xml" "an XML document" } }
-{ $description "builds an XML document out of a tag" }
-{ $see-also build-tag* build-tag } ;
+{ $description "Finds the XML tag with the specified id, ignoring the namespace." } ;
diff --git a/basis/xml/utilities/utilities-tests.factor b/basis/xml/utilities/utilities-tests.factor
index c150c7133d..7b0989611c 100644
--- a/basis/xml/utilities/utilities-tests.factor
+++ b/basis/xml/utilities/utilities-tests.factor
@@ -1,8 +1,14 @@
+! Copyright (C) 2005, 2009 Daniel Ehrenberg
+! See http://factorcode.org/license.txt for BSD license.
+USING: xml xml.utilities tools.test xml.data ;
 IN: xml.utilities.tests
-USING: xml xml.utilities tools.test ;
 
 [ "bar" ] [ "<foo>bar</foo>" string>xml children>string ] unit-test
 
 [ "" ] [ "<foo></foo>" string>xml children>string ] unit-test
 
 [ "" ] [ "<foo/>" string>xml children>string ] unit-test
+
+XML-NS: foo http://blah.com
+
+[ T{ name { main "bling" } { url "http://blah.com" } } ] [ "bling" foo ] unit-test
diff --git a/basis/xml/utilities/utilities.factor b/basis/xml/utilities/utilities.factor
index e104142a76..60460e3f46 100644
--- a/basis/xml/utilities/utilities.factor
+++ b/basis/xml/utilities/utilities.factor
@@ -1,52 +1,10 @@
-! Copyright (C) 2005, 2006 Daniel Ehrenberg
+! Copyright (C) 2005, 2009 Daniel Ehrenberg
 ! See http://factorcode.org/license.txt for BSD license.
 USING: accessors kernel namespaces sequences words io assocs
 quotations strings parser lexer arrays xml.data xml.writer debugger
-splitting vectors sequences.deep combinators fry ;
+splitting vectors sequences.deep combinators fry memoize ;
 IN: xml.utilities
 
-! * System for words specialized on tag names
-
-TUPLE: process-missing process tag ;
-M: process-missing error.
-    "Tag <" write
-    dup tag>> print-name
-    "> not implemented on process process " write
-    name>> print ;
-
-: run-process ( tag word -- )
-    2dup "xtable" word-prop
-    [ dup main>> ] dip at* [ 2nip call ] [
-        drop \ process-missing boa throw
-    ] if ;
-
-: PROCESS:
-    CREATE
-    dup H{ } clone "xtable" set-word-prop
-    dup '[ _ run-process ] define ; parsing
-
-: TAG:
-    scan scan-word
-    parse-definition
-    swap "xtable" word-prop
-    rot "/" split [ [ 2dup ] dip swap set-at ] each 2drop ;
-    parsing
-
-
-! * Common utility functions
-
-: build-tag* ( items name -- tag )
-    assure-name swap f swap <tag> ;
-
-: build-tag ( item name -- tag )
-    [ 1array ] dip build-tag* ;
-
-: standard-prolog ( -- prolog )
-    T{ prolog f "1.0" "UTF-8" f } ;
-
-: build-xml ( tag -- xml )
-    standard-prolog { } rot { } <xml> ;
-
 : children>string ( tag -- string )
     children>> {
         { [ dup empty? ] [ drop "" ] }
@@ -115,3 +73,7 @@ M: process-missing error.
 
 : insert-child ( child tag -- )
     [ 1vector ] dip insert-children ;
+
+: XML-NS:
+    CREATE-WORD (( string -- name )) over set-stack-effect
+    scan '[ f swap _ <name> ] define-memoized ; parsing
diff --git a/basis/xml/writer/writer.factor b/basis/xml/writer/writer.factor
index 8cb32af12f..a19fe69444 100644
--- a/basis/xml/writer/writer.factor
+++ b/basis/xml/writer/writer.factor
@@ -155,6 +155,9 @@ M: directive write-xml-chunk
 M: instruction write-xml-chunk
     "<?" write text>> write "?>" write ;
 
+M: number write-xml-chunk
+    "Numbers are not allowed in XML" throw ;
+
 M: sequence write-xml-chunk
     [ write-xml-chunk ] each ;
 
diff --git a/basis/xml/xml-docs.factor b/basis/xml/xml-docs.factor
index 60bc88bad6..26d4319b5e 100644
--- a/basis/xml/xml-docs.factor
+++ b/basis/xml/xml-docs.factor
@@ -1,66 +1,82 @@
 ! Copyright (C) 2005, 2009 Daniel Ehrenberg
 ! See http://factorcode.org/license.txt for BSD license.
-USING: help.markup help.syntax xml.data io ;
+USING: help.markup help.syntax xml.data io strings ;
 IN: xml
 
 HELP: string>xml
-{ $values { "string" "a string" } { "xml" "an xml document" } }
-{ $description "converts a string into an " { $link xml }
-    " datatype for further processing" } ;
+{ $values { "string" string } { "xml" xml } }
+{ $description "Converts a string into an " { $link xml }
+    " tree for further processing." } ;
 
 HELP: read-xml
-{ $values { "stream" "a stream that supports readln" }
-    { "xml" "an XML document" } }
-{ $description "exausts the given stream, reading an XML document from it. A binary stream, one without encoding, should be used as input, and the encoding is automatically detected." } ;
+{ $values { "stream" "an input stream" } { "xml" xml } }
+{ $description "Exausts the given stream, reading an XML document from it. A binary stream, one without encoding, should be used as input, and the encoding is automatically detected." } ;
 
 HELP: file>xml
-{ $values { "filename" "a string representing a filename" }
-    { "xml" "an XML document" } }
-{ $description "opens the given file, reads it in as XML, closes the file and returns the corresponding XML tree" } ;
+{ $values { "filename" string } { "xml" xml } }
+{ $description "Opens the given file, reads it in as XML, closes the file and returns the corresponding XML tree. The encoding is automatically detected." } ;
 
 { string>xml read-xml file>xml } related-words
 
 HELP: read-xml-chunk
 { $values { "stream" "an input stream" } { "seq" "a sequence of elements" } }
-{ $description "rather than parse a document, as " { $link read-xml } " does, this word parses and returns a sequence of XML elements (tags, strings, etc), ie a document fragment. This is useful for pieces of XML which may have more than one main tag." }
+{ $description "Rather than parse a document, as " { $link read-xml } " does, this word parses and returns a sequence of XML elements (tags, strings, etc), ie a document fragment. This is useful for pieces of XML which may have more than one main tag." }
 { $see-also read-xml } ;
 
-HELP: sax
+HELP: each-element
 { $values { "stream" "an input stream" } { "quot" "a quotation ( xml-elem -- )" } }
-{ $description "parses the XML document, and whenever an event is encountered (a tag piece, comment, parsing instruction, directive or string element), the quotation is called with that event on the stack. The quotation has all responsibility to deal with the event properly, and it is advised that generic words be used in dispatching on the event class." }
+{ $description "Parses the XML document, and whenever an event is encountered (a tag piece, comment, parsing instruction, directive or string element), the quotation is called with that event on the stack. The quotation has all responsibility to deal with the event properly, and it is advised that generic words be used in dispatching on the event class." }
 { $notes "It is important to note that this is not SAX, merely an event-based XML view" }
 { $see-also read-xml } ;
 
 HELP: pull-xml
-{ $class-description "represents the state of a pull-parser for XML. Has one slot, scope, which is a namespace which contains all relevant state information." }
+{ $class-description "Represents the state of a pull-parser for XML. Has one slot, scope, which is a namespace which contains all relevant state information." }
 { $see-also <pull-xml> pull-event pull-elem } ;
 
 HELP: <pull-xml>
 { $values { "pull-xml" "a pull-xml tuple" } }
-{ $description "creates an XML pull-based parser which reads from " { $link input-stream } ", executing all initial XML commands to set up the parser." }
+{ $description "Creates an XML pull-based parser which reads from " { $link input-stream } ", executing all initial XML commands to set up the parser." }
 { $see-also pull-xml pull-elem pull-event } ;
 
 HELP: pull-elem
 { $values { "pull" "an XML pull parser" } { "xml-elem/f" "an XML tag, string, or f" } }
-{ $description "gets the next XML element from the given XML pull parser. Returns f upon exhaustion." }
+{ $description "Gets the next XML element from the given XML pull parser. Returns f upon exhaustion." }
 { $see-also pull-xml <pull-xml> pull-event } ;
 
 HELP: pull-event
 { $values { "pull" "an XML pull parser" } { "xml-event/f" "an XML tag event, string, or f" } }
-{ $description "gets the next XML event from the given XML pull parser. Returns f upon exhaustion." }
+{ $description "Gets the next XML event from the given XML pull parser. Returns f upon exhaustion." }
 { $see-also pull-xml <pull-xml> pull-elem } ;
 
+HELP: read-dtd
+{ $values { "stream" "an input stream" } { "dtd" dtd } }
+{ $description "Exhausts a stream, producing a " { $link dtd } " from the contents." } ;
+
+HELP: file>dtd
+{ $values { "filename" string } { "dtd" dtd } }
+{ $description "Reads a file in UTF-8, converting it into an XML " { $link dtd } "." } ;
+
+HELP: string>dtd
+{ $values { "string" string } { "dtd" dtd } }
+{ $description "Interprets a string as an XML " { $link dtd } "." } ;
+
+{ read-dtd file>dtd string>dtd } related-words
+
 ARTICLE: { "xml" "reading" } "Reading XML"
     "The following words are used to read something into an XML document"
     { $subsection string>xml }
     { $subsection read-xml }
     { $subsection read-xml-chunk }
     { $subsection string>xml-chunk }
-    { $subsection file>xml } ;
+    { $subsection file>xml }
+    "To read a DTD:"
+    { $subsection read-dtd }
+    { $subsection file>dtd }
+    { $subsection string>dtd } ;
 
 ARTICLE: { "xml" "events" } "Event-based XML parsing"
     "In addition to DOM-style parsing based around " { $link read-xml } ", the XML module also provides SAX-style event-based parsing. This uses much of the same data structures as normal XML, with the exception of the classes " { $link xml } " and " { $link tag } " and as such, the article " { $vocab-link "xml.data" } " may be useful in learning how to process documents in this way. Other useful words are:"
-    { $subsection sax }
+    { $subsection each-element }
     { $subsection opener }
     { $subsection closer }
     { $subsection contained }
@@ -74,10 +90,11 @@ ARTICLE: "xml" "XML parser"
 "The " { $vocab-link "xml" } " vocabulary implements the XML 1.0 and 1.1 standards, converting strings of text into XML and vice versa."
     { $subsection { "xml" "reading" } }
     { $subsection { "xml" "events" } }
-    { $vocab-subsection "Utilities for processing XML" "xml.utilities" }
     { $vocab-subsection "Writing XML" "xml.writer" }
     { $vocab-subsection "XML parsing errors" "xml.errors" }
     { $vocab-subsection "XML entities" "xml.entities" }
-    { $vocab-subsection "XML data types" "xml.data" } ;
+    { $vocab-subsection "XML data types" "xml.data" }
+    { $vocab-subsection "Utilities for processing XML" "xml.utilities" }
+    { $vocab-subsection "Dispatch on XML tag names" "xml.dispatch" } ;
 
 ABOUT: "xml"
diff --git a/basis/xml/xml.factor b/basis/xml/xml.factor
index fdabbdc4df..b043d5771e 100644
--- a/basis/xml/xml.factor
+++ b/basis/xml/xml.factor
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ xml.data xml.errors xml.elements ascii xml.entities
 xml.writer xml.state xml.autoencoding assocs xml.tokenize xml.name ;
 IN: xml
 
-!   -- Overall parser with data tree
+<PRIVATE
 
 : add-child ( object -- )
     xml-stack get peek second push ;
@@ -89,6 +89,8 @@ M: closer process
 
 SYMBOL: text-now?
 
+PRIVATE>
+
 TUPLE: pull-xml scope ;
 : <pull-xml> ( -- pull-xml )
     [
@@ -106,6 +108,8 @@ TUPLE: pull-xml scope ;
         ] if text-now? set
     ] bind ;
 
+<PRIVATE
+
 : done? ( -- ? )
     xml-stack get length 1 = ;
 
@@ -116,27 +120,33 @@ TUPLE: pull-xml scope ;
         [ (pull-elem) ] if
     ] if ;
 
+PRIVATE>
+
 : pull-elem ( pull -- xml-elem/f )
     [ init-xml-stack (pull-elem) ] with-scope ;
 
+<PRIVATE
+
 : call-under ( quot object -- quot )
     swap dup slip ; inline
 
-: sax-loop ( quot: ( xml-elem -- ) -- )
+: xml-loop ( quot: ( xml-elem -- ) -- )
     parse-text call-under
-    get-char [ make-tag call-under sax-loop ]
+    get-char [ make-tag call-under xml-loop ]
     [ drop ] if ; inline recursive
 
-: sax ( stream quot: ( xml-elem -- ) -- )
+PRIVATE>
+
+: each-element ( stream quot: ( xml-elem -- ) -- )
     swap [
         reset-prolog init-ns-stack
         start-document [ call-under ] when*
-        sax-loop
-    ] with-state ; inline recursive
+        xml-loop
+    ] with-state ; inline
 
 : (read-xml) ( -- )
     start-document [ process ] when*
-    [ process ] sax-loop ; inline
+    [ process ] xml-loop ; inline
 
 : (read-xml-chunk) ( stream -- prolog seq )
     [
@@ -155,7 +165,8 @@ TUPLE: pull-xml scope ;
     [ (read-xml-chunk) nip ] with-variable ;
 
 : string>xml ( string -- xml )
-    <string-reader> read-xml ;
+    t string-input?
+    [ <string-reader> read-xml ] with-variable ;
 
 : string>xml-chunk ( string -- xml )
     t string-input?
diff --git a/basis/xmode/code2html/code2html.factor b/basis/xmode/code2html/code2html.factor
index 032b2b25f0..4cdef4043e 100644
--- a/basis/xmode/code2html/code2html.factor
+++ b/basis/xmode/code2html/code2html.factor
@@ -1,48 +1,45 @@
-USING: xmode.tokens xmode.marker xmode.catalog kernel
+USING: xmode.tokens xmode.marker xmode.catalog kernel locals
 html.elements io io.files sequences words io.encodings.utf8
-namespaces xml.entities accessors ;
+namespaces xml.entities accessors xml.interpolate locals xml.writer ;
 IN: xmode.code2html
 
-: htmlize-tokens ( tokens -- )
+: htmlize-tokens ( tokens -- xml )
     [
         [ str>> ] [ id>> ] bi [
-            <span name>> =class span> escape-string write </span>
-        ] [
-            escape-string write
-        ] if*
-    ] each ;
+            name>> swap
+            [XML <span class=<->><-></span> XML]
+        ] [ ] if*
+    ] map ;
 
-: htmlize-line ( line-context line rules -- line-context' )
+: htmlize-line ( line-context line rules -- line-context' xml )
     tokenize-line htmlize-tokens ;
 
-: htmlize-lines ( lines mode -- )
-    f swap load-mode [ htmlize-line nl ] curry reduce drop ;
+: htmlize-lines ( lines mode -- xml )
+    f -rot load-mode [ htmlize-line ] curry map nip ;
 
-: default-stylesheet ( -- )
-    <style>
-        "resource:basis/xmode/code2html/stylesheet.css"
-        utf8 file-contents escape-string write
-    </style> ;
+: default-stylesheet ( -- xml )
+    "resource:basis/xmode/code2html/stylesheet.css"
+    utf8 file-contents
+    [XML <style><-></style> XML] ;
 
-: htmlize-stream ( path stream -- )
-    lines swap
-    <html>
+:: htmlize-stream ( path stream -- xml )
+    stream lines
+    [ "" ] [ first find-mode path swap htmlize-lines ]
+    if-empty :> input
+    default-stylesheet :> stylesheet
+    <XML <html>
         <head>
-            default-stylesheet
-            <title> dup escape-string write </title>
+            <-stylesheet->
+            <title><-path-></title>
         </head>
         <body>
-            <pre>
-                over empty?
-                [ 2drop ]
-                [ over first find-mode htmlize-lines ] if
-            </pre>
+            <pre><-input-></pre>
         </body>
-    </html> ;
+    </html> XML> ;
 
 : htmlize-file ( path -- )
     dup utf8 [
         dup ".html" append utf8 [
-            input-stream get htmlize-stream
+            input-stream get htmlize-stream write-xml
         ] with-file-writer
     ] with-file-reader ;
diff --git a/core/assocs/assocs-docs.factor b/core/assocs/assocs-docs.factor
index 627d4aeb80..e088953db8 100644
--- a/core/assocs/assocs-docs.factor
+++ b/core/assocs/assocs-docs.factor
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
-! Copyright (C) 2007 Daniel Ehrenberg, Slava Pestov, and Doug Coleman
+! Copyright (C) 2007, 2009 Daniel Ehrenberg, Slava Pestov, and Doug Coleman
 ! See http://factorcode.org/license.txt for BSD license.
 USING: help.markup help.syntax kernel sequences
-sequences.private namespaces math quotations ;
+sequences.private namespaces math quotations assocs.private ;
 IN: assocs
 
 ARTICLE: "alists" "Association lists"
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ ARTICLE: "enums" "Enumerations"
 { $subsection enum }
 { $subsection <enum> }
 "Inverting a permutation using enumerations:"
-{ $example "USING: assocs sorting prettyprint ;" ": invert <enum> >alist sort-values keys ;" "{ 2 0 4 1 3 } invert ." "{ 1 3 0 4 2 }" } ;
+{ $example "USING: assocs sorting prettyprint ;" "IN: scratchpad" ": invert ( perm -- perm' )" "    <enum> >alist sort-values keys ;" "{ 2 0 4 1 3 } invert ." "{ 1 3 0 4 2 }" } ;
 
 HELP: enum
 { $class-description "An associative structure which wraps a sequence and maps integers to the corresponding elements of the sequence."
@@ -113,7 +113,6 @@ $nl
 { $subsection assoc-each }
 { $subsection assoc-find }
 { $subsection assoc-map }
-{ $subsection assoc-push-if }
 { $subsection assoc-filter }
 { $subsection assoc-filter-as }
 { $subsection assoc-contains? }
@@ -122,10 +121,7 @@ $nl
 { $subsection cache }
 { $subsection map>assoc }
 { $subsection assoc>map }
-{ $subsection assoc-map-as }
-{ $subsection search-alist }
-"Utility word:"
-{ $subsection assoc-pusher } ;
+{ $subsection assoc-map-as } ;
 
 ARTICLE: "assocs" "Associative mapping operations"
 "An " { $emphasis "associative mapping" } ", abbreviated " { $emphasis "assoc" } ", is a collection of key/value pairs which provides efficient lookup and storage indexed by key."
@@ -225,10 +221,6 @@ HELP: assoc-map
 
 { assoc-map assoc-map-as } related-words
 
-HELP: assoc-push-if
-{ $values { "accum" "a resizable mutable sequence" } { "quot" { $quotation "( key value -- ? )" } } { "key" object } { "value" object } }
-{ $description "If the quotation yields true when applied to the key/value pair, adds the key/value pair at the end of " { $snippet "accum" } "." } ;
-
 HELP: assoc-filter
 { $values { "assoc" assoc } { "quot" { $quotation "( key value -- ? )" } } { "subassoc" "a new assoc" } }
 { $description "Outputs an assoc of the same type as " { $snippet "assoc" } " consisting of all entries for which the predicate quotation yields true." } ;
@@ -388,18 +380,6 @@ HELP: assoc-map-as
 { $description "Applies the quotation to each entry in the input assoc and collects the results in a new assoc of the stame type as the exemplar." }
 { $examples { $example "USING: prettyprint assocs hashtables math ;" " H{ { 1 2 } { 3 4 } } [ sq ] { } assoc-map-as ." "{ { 1 4 } { 3 16 } }" } } ;
 
-HELP: assoc-pusher
-{ $values
-     { "quot" "a predicate quotation" }
-     { "quot'" quotation } { "accum" assoc } }
-{ $description "Creates a new " { $snippet "assoc" } " to accumulate the key/value pairs which return true for a predicate.  Returns a new quotation which accepts a pair of object to be tested and stored in the accumulator if the test yields true. The accumulator is left on the stack for convenience." }
-{ $example "! Find only the pairs that sum to 5:" "USING: prettyprint assocs math kernel ;"
-           "{ { 1 2 } { 2 3 } { 3 4 } } [ + 5 = ] assoc-pusher [ assoc-each ] dip ."
-           "V{ { 2 3 } }"
-}
-{ $notes "Used to implement the " { $link assoc-filter } " word." } ;
-
-
 HELP: extract-keys
 { $values
      { "seq" sequence } { "assoc" assoc }
@@ -425,11 +405,12 @@ HELP: search-alist
 { $values
      { "key" object } { "alist" "an array of key/value pairs" }
      { "pair/f" "a key/value pair" } { "i/f" integer } }
-{ $description "Performs an in-order traversal of a " { $snippet "alist" } " and stops when the key is matched or the end of the " { $snippet "alist" } " has been reached. If there is no match, both outputs are " { $link f } "." }
-{ $examples { $example "USING: prettyprint assocs kernel ;"
+{ $description "Iterates over " { $snippet "alist" } " and stops when the key is matched or the end of the " { $snippet "alist" } " has been reached. If there is no match, both outputs are " { $link f } "." }
+{ $notes "This word is used to implement " { $link at* } " and " { $link set-at } " on sequences, and should not be called direclty." }
+{ $examples { $example "USING: prettyprint assocs.private kernel ;"
                         "3 { { 1 2 } { 3 4 } } search-alist [ . ] bi@"
                        "{ 3 4 }\n1"
-            } { $example "USING: prettyprint assocs kernel ;"
+            } { $example "USING: prettyprint assocs.private kernel ;"
                        "6 { { 1 2 } { 3 4 } } search-alist [ . ] bi@"
                        "f\nf"
             }
diff --git a/core/assocs/assocs-tests.factor b/core/assocs/assocs-tests.factor
index ac82da7b9b..5617888148 100644
--- a/core/assocs/assocs-tests.factor
+++ b/core/assocs/assocs-tests.factor
@@ -129,4 +129,13 @@ unit-test
 
 [ "x" ] [
     "a" H{ { "a" "x" } } at-default
+] unit-test
+
+[ H{ { "b" [ 2 ] } { "d" [ 4 ] } } H{ { "a" [ 1 ] } { "c" [ 3 ] } } ] [
+    H{
+        { "a" [ 1 ] }
+        { "b" [ 2 ] }
+        { "c" [ 3 ] }
+        { "d" [ 4 ] }
+    } [ nip first even? ] assoc-partition
 ] unit-test
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/core/assocs/assocs.factor b/core/assocs/assocs.factor
index a2eb2d25ec..730c9f6cb8 100644
--- a/core/assocs/assocs.factor
+++ b/core/assocs/assocs.factor
@@ -7,22 +7,42 @@ IN: assocs
 MIXIN: assoc
 
 GENERIC: at* ( key assoc -- value/f ? )
+GENERIC: value-at* ( value assoc -- key/f ? )
 GENERIC: set-at ( value key assoc -- )
 GENERIC: new-assoc ( capacity exemplar -- newassoc )
 GENERIC: delete-at ( key assoc -- )
 GENERIC: clear-assoc ( assoc -- )
 GENERIC: assoc-size ( assoc -- n )
 GENERIC: assoc-like ( assoc exemplar -- newassoc )
+GENERIC: assoc-clone-like ( assoc exemplar -- newassoc )
+GENERIC: >alist ( assoc -- newassoc )
 
 M: assoc assoc-like drop ;
 
-GENERIC: assoc-clone-like ( assoc exemplar -- newassoc )
-
-GENERIC: >alist ( assoc -- newassoc )
+<PRIVATE
 
 : (assoc-each) ( assoc quot -- seq quot' )
     [ >alist ] dip [ first2 ] prepose ; inline
 
+: (assoc-stack) ( key i seq -- value )
+    over 0 < [
+        3drop f
+    ] [
+        3dup nth-unsafe at*
+        [ [ 3drop ] dip ] [ drop [ 1- ] dip (assoc-stack) ] if
+    ] if ; inline recursive
+
+: search-alist ( key alist -- pair/f i/f )
+    [ first = ] with find swap ; inline
+
+: substituter ( assoc -- quot )
+    [ dupd at* [ nip ] [ drop ] if ] curry ; inline
+
+: with-assoc ( assoc quot: ( value key -- assoc ) -- quot: ( key value -- ) )
+    curry [ swap ] prepose ; inline
+
+PRIVATE>
+
 : assoc-find ( assoc quot -- key value ? )
     (assoc-each) find swap [ first2 t ] [ drop f f f ] if ; inline
 
@@ -40,18 +60,16 @@ GENERIC: >alist ( assoc -- newassoc )
 : assoc-map ( assoc quot -- newassoc )
     over assoc-map-as ; inline
 
-: assoc-push-if ( key value quot accum -- )
-    [ 2keep ] dip [ [ 2array ] dip push ] 3curry when ; inline
-
-: assoc-pusher ( quot -- quot' accum )
-    V{ } clone [ [ assoc-push-if ] 2curry ] keep ; inline
-
 : assoc-filter-as ( assoc quot exemplar -- subassoc )
-    [ assoc-pusher [ assoc-each ] dip ] dip assoc-like ; inline
+    [ (assoc-each) filter ] dip assoc-like ; inline
 
 : assoc-filter ( assoc quot -- subassoc )
     over assoc-filter-as ; inline
 
+: assoc-partition ( assoc quot -- true-assoc false-assoc )
+    [ (assoc-each) partition ] [ drop ] 2bi
+    tuck [ assoc-like ] 2bi@ ; inline
+
 : assoc-contains? ( assoc quot -- ? )
     assoc-find 2nip ; inline
 
@@ -65,8 +83,8 @@ GENERIC: >alist ( assoc -- newassoc )
     2dup at* [ 2nip ] [ 2drop ] if ; inline
 
 M: assoc assoc-clone-like ( assoc exemplar -- newassoc )
-    over assoc-size swap new-assoc
-    [ [ swapd set-at ] curry assoc-each ] keep ;
+    [ dup assoc-size ] dip new-assoc
+    [ [ set-at ] with-assoc assoc-each ] keep ;
 
 : keys ( assoc -- keys )
     [ drop ] { } assoc>map ;
@@ -78,38 +96,28 @@ M: assoc assoc-clone-like ( assoc exemplar -- newassoc )
     [ at* ] 2keep delete-at ;
 
 : rename-at ( newkey key assoc -- )
-    [ delete-at* ] keep [ swapd set-at ] curry [ 2drop ] if ;
+    [ delete-at* ] keep [ set-at ] with-assoc [ 2drop ] if ;
 
 : assoc-empty? ( assoc -- ? )
-    assoc-size zero? ;
-
-: (assoc-stack) ( key i seq -- value )
-    over 0 < [
-        3drop f
-    ] [
-        3dup nth-unsafe at*
-        [ [ 3drop ] dip ] [ drop [ 1- ] dip (assoc-stack) ] if
-    ] if ; inline recursive
+    assoc-size 0 = ;
 
 : assoc-stack ( key seq -- value )
     [ length 1- ] keep (assoc-stack) ; flushable
 
 : assoc-subset? ( assoc1 assoc2 -- ? )
-    [ swapd at* [ = ] [ 2drop f ] if ] curry assoc-all? ;
+    [ at* [ = ] [ 2drop f ] if ] with-assoc assoc-all? ;
 
 : assoc= ( assoc1 assoc2 -- ? )
     [ assoc-subset? ] [ swap assoc-subset? ] 2bi and ;
 
 : assoc-hashcode ( n assoc -- code )
-    [
-        [ over ] dip hashcode* 2/ [ dupd hashcode* ] dip bitxor
-    ] { } assoc>map hashcode* ;
+    >alist hashcode* ;
 
 : assoc-intersect ( assoc1 assoc2 -- intersection )
     swap [ nip key? ] curry assoc-filter ;
 
 : update ( assoc1 assoc2 -- )
-    swap [ swapd set-at ] curry assoc-each ;
+    swap [ set-at ] with-assoc assoc-each ;
 
 : assoc-union ( assoc1 assoc2 -- union )
     [ [ [ assoc-size ] bi@ + ] [ drop ] 2bi new-assoc ] 2keep
@@ -124,9 +132,6 @@ M: assoc assoc-clone-like ( assoc exemplar -- newassoc )
 : remove-all ( assoc seq -- subseq )
     swap [ key? not ] curry filter ;
 
-: substituter ( assoc -- quot )
-    [ dupd at* [ nip ] [ drop ] if ] curry ; inline
-
 : substitute-here ( seq assoc -- )
     substituter change-each ;
 
@@ -155,8 +160,6 @@ M: assoc assoc-clone-like ( assoc exemplar -- newassoc )
 : extract-keys ( seq assoc -- subassoc )
     [ [ dupd at ] curry ] keep map>assoc ;
 
-GENERIC: value-at* ( value assoc -- key/f ? )
-
 M: assoc value-at* swap [ = nip ] curry assoc-find nip ;
 
 : value-at ( value assoc -- key/f ) value-at* drop ;
@@ -172,9 +175,6 @@ M: assoc value-at* swap [ = nip ] curry assoc-find nip ;
 : unzip ( assoc -- keys values )
     dup assoc-empty? [ drop { } { } ] [ >alist flip first2 ] if ;
 
-: search-alist ( key alist -- pair/f i/f )
-    [ first = ] with find swap ; inline
-
 M: sequence at*
     search-alist [ second t ] [ f ] if ;
 
diff --git a/core/classes/singleton/singleton-docs.factor b/core/classes/singleton/singleton-docs.factor
index d6911576dd..bd2a2ae6a6 100644
--- a/core/classes/singleton/singleton-docs.factor
+++ b/core/classes/singleton/singleton-docs.factor
@@ -10,18 +10,6 @@ ARTICLE: "singletons" "Singleton classes"
 { $subsection singleton-class? }
 { $subsection singleton-class } ;
 
-HELP: SINGLETON:
-{ $syntax "SINGLETON: class" }
-{ $values
-    { "class" "a new singleton to define" }
-}
-{ $description
-    "Defines a new singleton class. The class word itself is the sole instance of the singleton class."
-}
-{ $examples
-    { $example "USING: classes.singleton kernel io ;" "IN: scratchpad" "SINGLETON: foo\nGENERIC: bar ( obj -- )\nM: foo bar drop \"a foo!\" print ;\nfoo bar" "a foo!" }
-} ;
-
 HELP: define-singleton-class
 { $values { "word" "a new word" } }
 { $description
diff --git a/core/classes/tuple/tuple-docs.factor b/core/classes/tuple/tuple-docs.factor
index 5b1844b78b..561d0962ff 100644
--- a/core/classes/tuple/tuple-docs.factor
+++ b/core/classes/tuple/tuple-docs.factor
@@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ $nl
 $nl
 "The second is to use ad-hoc slot polymorphism. If two classes define a slot with the same name, then code which uses " { $link "accessors" } " can operate on instances of both objects, assuming the values stored in that slot implement a common protocol. This allows code to be shared without creating contrieved relationships between classes."
 { $heading "Anti-pattern #3: subclassing to override a method definition" }
-"While method overriding is a very powerful tool, improper use can cause tight coupling of code and lead to difficulty in testing and refactoring. Subclassing should not be used as a means of ``monkey patching'' methods to fix bugs and add features. Only subclass from classes which were designed to be inherited from, and when writing classes of your own which are intended to be subclassed, clearly document that subclasses may and may not do. This includes construction policy; document whether subclasses should use " { $link new } ", " { $link boa } ", or a custom parametrized constructor."
+"While method overriding is a very powerful tool, improper use can cause tight coupling of code and lead to difficulty in testing and refactoring. Subclassing should not be used as a means of “monkey patching” methods to fix bugs and add features. Only subclass from classes which were designed to be inherited from, and when writing classes of your own which are intended to be subclassed, clearly document that subclasses may and may not do. This includes construction policy; document whether subclasses should use " { $link new } ", " { $link boa } ", or a custom parametrized constructor."
 { $see-also "parametrized-constructors" } ;
 
 ARTICLE: "tuple-subclassing" "Tuple subclassing"
@@ -428,5 +428,5 @@ HELP: new
 HELP: boa
 { $values { "..." "slot values" } { "class" tuple-class } { "tuple" tuple } }
 { $description "Creates a new instance of " { $snippet "class" } " and fill in the slots from the stack, with the top-most stack element being stored in the right-most slot." }
-{ $notes "The name " { $snippet "boa" } " is shorthand for ``by order of arguments'', and ``BOA constructor'' is a pun on ``boa constrictor''." }
+{ $notes "The name " { $snippet "boa" } " is shorthand for “by order of arguments”, and “BOA constructor” is a pun on “boa constrictor”." }
 { $errors "Throws an error if the slot values do not match class declarations on slots (see" { $link "tuple-declarations" } ")." } ;
diff --git a/core/continuations/continuations-docs.factor b/core/continuations/continuations-docs.factor
index ea3470feb3..2cc44bee1b 100644
--- a/core/continuations/continuations-docs.factor
+++ b/core/continuations/continuations-docs.factor
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 USING: help.markup help.syntax kernel kernel.private
 continuations.private vectors arrays namespaces
-assocs words quotations lexer sequences ;
+assocs words quotations lexer sequences math ;
 IN: continuations
 
 ARTICLE: "errors-restartable" "Restartable errors"
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ ARTICLE: "errors-anti-examples" "Common error handling pitfalls"
 $nl
 "In most other cases, " { $link cleanup } " should be used instead to handle an error and rethrow it automatically."
 { $heading "Anti-pattern #3: Dropping and rethrowing" }
-"Do not use " { $link recover } " to handle an error by dropping it and throwing a new error. By losing the original error message, you signal to the user that something failed without leaving any indication of what actually went wrong. Either wrap the error in a new error containing additional information, or rethrow the original error. A more subtle form of this is using  " { $link throw } " instead of " { $link rethrow } ". The " { $link throw } " word should only be used when throwing new errors, and never when rethrowing errors that have been caught."
+"Do not use " { $link recover } " to handle an error by dropping it and throwing a new error. By losing the original error message, you signal to the user that something failed without leaving any indication of what actually went wrong. Either wrap the error in a new error containing additional information, or rethrow the original error. A more subtle form of this is using " { $link throw } " instead of " { $link rethrow } ". The " { $link throw } " word should only be used when throwing new errors, and never when rethrowing errors that have been caught."
 { $heading "Anti-pattern #4: Logging and rethrowing" }
 "If you are going to rethrow an error, do not log a message. If you do so, the user will see two log messages for the same error, which will clutter logs without adding any useful information." ;
 
@@ -241,12 +241,13 @@ HELP: attempt-all
 
 HELP: retry
 { $values
-     { "quot" quotation } { "n" null }
+     { "quot" quotation } { "n" integer }
 }
 { $description "Tries the quotation up to " { $snippet "n" } " times until it returns true. Retries the quotation if an exception is thrown or if the quotation returns " { $link f } ". The quotation is expected to have side effects that may fail, such as generating a random name for a new file until successful." }
 { $examples
+    "Try to get a 0 as a random number:"
     { $unchecked-example "USING: continuations math prettyprint ;"
-        "[ 5 random 0 = ] retry t"
+        "[ 5 random 0 = ] 5 retry t"
         "t"
     }
 } ;
diff --git a/core/io/backend/backend.factor b/core/io/backend/backend.factor
index e2c6c3d464..322a603144 100644
--- a/core/io/backend/backend.factor
+++ b/core/io/backend/backend.factor
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-! Copyright (C) 2007, 2008 Slava Pestov.
+! Copyright (C) 2007, 2009 Slava Pestov.
 ! See http://factorcode.org/license.txt for BSD license.
 USING: init kernel system namespaces io io.encodings
 io.encodings.utf8 init assocs splitting alien ;
diff --git a/core/io/encodings/binary/binary-docs.factor b/core/io/encodings/binary/binary-docs.factor
deleted file mode 100644
index 4da1e0811f..0000000000
--- a/core/io/encodings/binary/binary-docs.factor
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,11 +0,0 @@
-USING: help.syntax help.markup ;
-IN: io.encodings.binary
-
-HELP: binary
-{ $class-description "Encoding descriptor for binary I/O." } ;
-
-ARTICLE: "io.encodings.binary" "Binary encoding"
-"Making an encoded stream with the binary encoding is a no-op; streams with this encoding deal with byte-arrays, not strings." 
-{ $subsection binary } ;
-
-ABOUT: "io.encodings.binary"
diff --git a/core/io/encodings/binary/binary.factor b/core/io/encodings/binary/binary.factor
deleted file mode 100644
index e54163f632..0000000000
--- a/core/io/encodings/binary/binary.factor
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,8 +0,0 @@
-! Copyright (C) 2008 Daniel Ehrenberg.
-! See http://factorcode.org/license.txt for BSD license.
-USING: io.encodings kernel ;
-IN: io.encodings.binary
-
-SINGLETON: binary
-M: binary <encoder> drop ;
-M: binary <decoder> drop ;
diff --git a/core/io/encodings/binary/summary.txt b/core/io/encodings/binary/summary.txt
deleted file mode 100644
index a1eb4bc664..0000000000
--- a/core/io/encodings/binary/summary.txt
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-Dummy encoding for binary I/O
diff --git a/core/io/encodings/binary/tags.txt b/core/io/encodings/binary/tags.txt
deleted file mode 100644
index 8e27be7d61..0000000000
--- a/core/io/encodings/binary/tags.txt
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-text
diff --git a/core/kernel/kernel-docs.factor b/core/kernel/kernel-docs.factor
index 7a53ff5172..d85a51edff 100644
--- a/core/kernel/kernel-docs.factor
+++ b/core/kernel/kernel-docs.factor
@@ -888,9 +888,9 @@ $nl
 "Here is an array containing the " { $link f } " class:"
 { $example "{ POSTPONE: f } ." "{ POSTPONE: f }" }
 "The " { $link f } " object is an instance of the " { $link f } " class:"
-{ $example "f class ." "POSTPONE: f" }
+{ $example "USE: classes" "f class ." "POSTPONE: f" }
 "The " { $link f } " class is an instance of " { $link word } ":"
-{ $example "\\ f class ." "word" }
+{ $example "USE: classes" "\\ f class ." "word" }
 "On the other hand, " { $link t } " is just a word, and there is no class which it is a unique instance of."
 { $example "t \\ t eq? ." "t" }
 "Many words which search collections confuse the case of no element being present with an element being found equal to " { $link f } ". If this distinction is imporant, there is usually an alternative word which can be used; for example, compare " { $link at } " with " { $link at* } "." ;
@@ -929,7 +929,7 @@ ARTICLE: "conditionals" "Conditionals and logic"
 { $see-also "booleans" "bitwise-arithmetic" both? either? } ;
 
 ARTICLE: "equality" "Equality"
-"There are two distinct notions of ``sameness'' when it comes to objects."
+"There are two distinct notions of “sameness” when it comes to objects."
 $nl
 "You can test if two references point to the same object (" { $emphasis "identity comparison" } "). This is rarely used; it is mostly useful with large, mutable objects where the object identity matters but the value is transient:"
 { $subsection eq? }
diff --git a/core/kernel/kernel.factor b/core/kernel/kernel.factor
index a8f9281760..be1de76650 100644
--- a/core/kernel/kernel.factor
+++ b/core/kernel/kernel.factor
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 ! Copyright (C) 2004, 2008 Slava Pestov.
 ! See http://factorcode.org/license.txt for BSD license.
-USING: kernel.private slots.private classes.tuple.private ;
+USING: kernel.private slots.private math.private
+classes.tuple.private ;
 IN: kernel
 
 DEFER: dip
@@ -154,7 +155,6 @@ TUPLE: identity-tuple ;
 
 M: identity-tuple equal? 2drop f ;
 
-USE: math.private
 : = ( obj1 obj2 -- ? )
     2dup eq? [ 2drop t ] [
         2dup both-fixnums? [ 2drop f ] [ equal? ] if
diff --git a/core/math/integers/integers-docs.factor b/core/math/integers/integers-docs.factor
index c75040b6bb..26c7e03fba 100644
--- a/core/math/integers/integers-docs.factor
+++ b/core/math/integers/integers-docs.factor
@@ -4,10 +4,10 @@ IN: math.integers
 ARTICLE: "integers" "Integers"
 { $subsection integer }
 "Integers come in two varieties -- fixnums and bignums. Fixnums fit in a machine word and are faster to manipulate; if the result of a fixnum operation is too large to fit in a fixnum, the result is upgraded to a bignum. Here is an example where two fixnums are multiplied yielding a bignum:"
-{ $example "134217728 class ." "fixnum" }
-{ $example "128 class ." "fixnum" }
+{ $example "USE: classes" "134217728 class ." "fixnum" }
+{ $example "USE: classes" "128 class ." "fixnum" }
 { $example "134217728 128 * ." "17179869184" }
-{ $example "134217728 128 * class ." "bignum" }
+{ $example "USE: classes" "1 128 shift class ." "bignum" }
 "Integers can be entered using a different base; see " { $link "syntax-numbers" } "."
 $nl
 "Integers can be tested for, and real numbers can be converted to integers:"
diff --git a/core/math/math-docs.factor b/core/math/math-docs.factor
index 348d27ba0f..7d0666328f 100644
--- a/core/math/math-docs.factor
+++ b/core/math/math-docs.factor
@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ HELP: bitxor
 
 HELP: shift
 { $values { "x" integer } { "n" integer } { "y" integer } }
-{ $description "Shifts " { $snippet "x" } " to the left by " { $snippet "n" } " bits if " { $snippet "n" } " is positive, or " { $snippet "-n" } " bits to the right if " { $snippet "n" } " is negative. A left shift of a fixnum may overflow, yielding a bignum. A right shift may result in bits ``falling off'' the right hand side and being discarded." }
+{ $description "Shifts " { $snippet "x" } " to the left by " { $snippet "n" } " bits if " { $snippet "n" } " is positive, or " { $snippet "-n" } " bits to the right if " { $snippet "n" } " is negative. A left shift of a fixnum may overflow, yielding a bignum. A right shift may result in bits “falling off” the right hand side and being discarded." }
 { $examples { $example "USING: math prettyprint ;" "BIN: 101 5 shift .b" "10100000" } { $example "USING: math prettyprint ;" "BIN: 11111 -2 shift .b" "111" } } ;
 
 HELP: bitnot
@@ -321,8 +321,8 @@ ARTICLE: "number-protocol" "Number protocol"
 "Math operations obey certain numerical upgrade rules. If one of the inputs is a bignum and the other is a fixnum, the latter is first coerced to a bignum; if one of the inputs is a float, the other is coerced to a float."
 $nl
 "Two examples where you should note the types of the inputs and outputs:"
-{ $example "3 >fixnum 6 >bignum * class ." "bignum" }
-{ $example "1/2 2.0 + ." "4.5" }
+{ $example "USE: classes" "3 >fixnum 6 >bignum * class ." "bignum" }
+{ $example "1/2 2.0 + ." "2.5" }
 "The following usual operations are supported by all numbers."
 { $subsection + }
 { $subsection - }
diff --git a/core/parser/parser-docs.factor b/core/parser/parser-docs.factor
index 4da76468e8..23bc41a1bb 100644
--- a/core/parser/parser-docs.factor
+++ b/core/parser/parser-docs.factor
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ ARTICLE: "defining-words" "Defining words"
 { $subsection parse-definition }
 "The " { $link POSTPONE: ; } " word is just a delimiter; an unpaired occurrence throws a parse error:"
 { $see POSTPONE: ; }
-"There are additional parsing words whose syntax is delimited by  " { $link POSTPONE: ; } ", and they are all implemented by calling " { $link parse-definition } "." ;
+"There are additional parsing words whose syntax is delimited by " { $link POSTPONE: ; } ", and they are all implemented by calling " { $link parse-definition } "." ;
 
 ARTICLE: "parsing-tokens" "Parsing raw tokens"
 "So far we have seen how to read individual tokens, or read a sequence of parsed objects until a delimiter. It is also possible to read raw tokens from the input and perform custom processing."
diff --git a/core/parser/parser.factor b/core/parser/parser.factor
index 3c915cb07d..4be7cfa891 100644
--- a/core/parser/parser.factor
+++ b/core/parser/parser.factor
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ SYMBOL: auto-use?
         dup vocabulary>>
         [ (use+) ]
         [ amended-use get dup [ push ] [ 2drop ] if ]
-        [ "Added ``" "'' vocabulary to search path" surround note. ]
+        [ "Added \"" "\" vocabulary to search path" surround note. ]
         tri
     ] [ create-in ] if ;
 
@@ -160,6 +160,7 @@ SYMBOL: interactive-vocabs
     "definitions"
     "editors"
     "help"
+    "help.lint"
     "inspector"
     "io"
     "io.files"
@@ -200,7 +201,7 @@ SYMBOL: interactive-vocabs
 SYMBOL: print-use-hook
 
 print-use-hook global [ [ ] or ] change-at
-!
+
 : parse-fresh ( lines -- quot )
     [
         V{ } clone amended-use set
diff --git a/core/slots/slots-docs.factor b/core/slots/slots-docs.factor
index c9ce334388..bdc5a5ba07 100644
--- a/core/slots/slots-docs.factor
+++ b/core/slots/slots-docs.factor
@@ -84,10 +84,9 @@ $nl
 { $subsection initial-value } ;
 
 ARTICLE: "slots" "Slots"
-"A " { $emphasis "slot" } " is a component of an object which can store a value."
+"The " { $vocab-link "slots" } " vocabulary contains words for introspecting the slots of an object. A " { $emphasis "slot" } " is a component of an object which can store a value."
 $nl
 { $link "tuples" } " are composed entirely of slots, and instances of " { $link "builtin-classes" } " consist of slots together with intrinsic data."
-"The " { $vocab-link "slots" } " vocabulary contains words for introspecting the slots of an object."
 $nl
 "The " { $snippet "\"slots\"" } " word property of built-in and tuple classes holds an array of " { $emphasis "slot specifiers" } " describing the slot layout of each instance."
 { $subsection slot-spec }
diff --git a/core/syntax/syntax-docs.factor b/core/syntax/syntax-docs.factor
index 36f427d5ad..c99c226a0c 100644
--- a/core/syntax/syntax-docs.factor
+++ b/core/syntax/syntax-docs.factor
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ assocs words.symbol words.alias words.constant ;
 IN: syntax
 
 ARTICLE: "parser-algorithm" "Parser algorithm"
-"At the most abstract level, Factor syntax consists of whitespace-separated tokens. The parser tokenizes the input on whitespace boundaries.  The parser is case-sensitive and whitespace between tokens is significant, so the following three expressions tokenize differently:"
+"At the most abstract level, Factor syntax consists of whitespace-separated tokens. The parser tokenizes the input on whitespace boundaries. The parser is case-sensitive and whitespace between tokens is significant, so the following three expressions tokenize differently:"
 { $code "2X+\n2 X +\n2 x +" }
 "As the parser reads tokens it makes a distinction between numbers, ordinary words, and parsing words. Tokens are appended to the parse tree, the top level of which is a quotation returned by the original parser invocation. Nested levels of the parse tree are created by parsing words."
 $nl
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ ARTICLE: "syntax-floats" "Float syntax"
 "More information on floats can be found in " { $link "floats" } "." ;
 
 ARTICLE: "syntax-complex-numbers" "Complex number syntax"
-"A complex number is given by two components, a ``real'' part and ''imaginary'' part. The components must either be integers, ratios or floats."
+"A complex number is given by two components, a “real” part and “imaginary” part. The components must either be integers, ratios or floats."
 { $code
     "C{ 1/2 1/3 }   ! the complex number 1/2+1/3i"
     "C{ 0 1 }       ! the imaginary unit"
@@ -149,7 +149,7 @@ ARTICLE: "syntax-pathnames" "Pathname syntax"
 ARTICLE: "syntax-literals" "Literals"
 "Many different types of objects can be constructed at parse time via literal syntax. Numbers are a special case since support for reading them is built-in to the parser. All other literals are constructed via parsing words."
 $nl
-"If a quotation contains a literal object, the same literal object instance is used each time the quotation executes; that is, literals are ``live''."
+"If a quotation contains a literal object, the same literal object instance is used each time the quotation executes; that is, literals are “live”."
 $nl
 "Using mutable object literals in word definitions requires care, since if those objects are mutated, the actual word definition will be changed, which is in most cases not what you would expect. Literals should be " { $link clone } "d before being passed to word which may potentially mutate them."
 { $subsection "syntax-numbers" }
@@ -352,6 +352,18 @@ HELP: SYMBOLS:
 { $description "Creates a new symbol for every token until the " { $snippet ";" } "." }
 { $examples { $example "USING: prettyprint ;" "IN: scratchpad" "SYMBOLS: foo bar baz ;\nfoo . bar . baz ." "foo\nbar\nbaz" } } ;
 
+HELP: SINGLETON:
+{ $syntax "SINGLETON: class" }
+{ $values
+    { "class" "a new singleton to define" }
+}
+{ $description
+    "Defines a new singleton class. The class word itself is the sole instance of the singleton class."
+}
+{ $examples
+    { $example "USING: classes.singleton kernel io ;" "IN: singleton-demo" "USE: prettyprint SINGLETON: foo\nGENERIC: bar ( obj -- )\nM: foo bar drop \"a foo!\" print ;\nfoo bar" "a foo!" }
+} ;
+    
 HELP: SINGLETONS:
 { $syntax "SINGLETONS: words... ;" }
 { $values { "words" "a sequence of new words to define" } }
@@ -604,7 +616,7 @@ HELP: MIXIN:
 
 HELP: INSTANCE:
 { $syntax "INSTANCE: instance mixin" }
-{ $values { "instance" "a class word" } { "instance" "a class word" } }
+{ $values { "instance" "a class word" } { "mixin" "a mixin class word" } }
 { $description "Makes " { $snippet "instance" } " an instance of " { $snippet "mixin" } "." } ;
 
 HELP: PREDICATE:
diff --git a/core/vocabs/vocabs.factor b/core/vocabs/vocabs.factor
index 13f79b04ec..fb9ce54672 100644
--- a/core/vocabs/vocabs.factor
+++ b/core/vocabs/vocabs.factor
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ name words
 main help
 source-loaded? docs-loaded? ;
 
-! sources-loaded? slot is one of these two
+! sources-loaded? slot is one of these three
 SYMBOL: +parsing+
 SYMBOL: +running+
 SYMBOL: +done+
diff --git a/extra/4DNav/space-file-decoder/space-file-decoder.factor b/extra/4DNav/space-file-decoder/space-file-decoder.factor
index 158917ca3e..8ef5c9e906 100755
--- a/extra/4DNav/space-file-decoder/space-file-decoder.factor
+++ b/extra/4DNav/space-file-decoder/space-file-decoder.factor
@@ -1,17 +1,7 @@
 ! Copyright (C) 2008 Jeff Bigot
 ! See http://factorcode.org/license.txt for BSD license.
-USING: adsoda
-xml
-xml.utilities
-accessors
-combinators
-sequences
-math.parser
-kernel
-splitting
-values
-continuations
-;
+USING: adsoda xml xml.utilities xml.dispatch accessors combinators
+sequences math.parser kernel splitting values continuations ;
 IN: 4DNav.space-file-decoder
 
 : decode-number-array ( x -- y )  "," split [ string>number ] map ;
diff --git a/extra/fuel/remote/remote.factor b/extra/fuel/remote/remote.factor
index 454265d5d8..d13aff800a 100644
--- a/extra/fuel/remote/remote.factor
+++ b/extra/fuel/remote/remote.factor
@@ -1,18 +1,21 @@
 ! Copyright (C) 2009 Jose Antonio Ortega Ruiz.
 ! See http://factorcode.org/license.txt for BSD license.
-USING: accessors io io.encodings.utf8 io.servers.connection kernel
-listener math ;
+USING: accessors debugger io io.encodings.utf8 io.servers.connection
+kernel listener math namespaces ;
 
 IN: fuel.remote
 
 <PRIVATE
 
+: start-listener ( -- )
+    [ [ print-error-and-restarts ] error-hook set listener ] with-scope ;
+
 : server ( port -- server )
     <threaded-server>
         "tty-server" >>name
         utf8 >>encoding
         swap local-server >>insecure
-        [ listener ] >>handler
+        [ start-listener ] >>handler
         f >>timeout ;
 
 : print-banner ( -- )
diff --git a/extra/google-tech-talk/google-tech-talk.factor b/extra/google-tech-talk/google-tech-talk.factor
index 84c0134b82..9bd3c5854b 100644
--- a/extra/google-tech-talk/google-tech-talk.factor
+++ b/extra/google-tech-talk/google-tech-talk.factor
@@ -354,7 +354,7 @@ IN: google-tech-talk
             ": forever ( quot -- ) '[ @ t ] loop ; inline"
             ""
             "\"/tmp\" t <monitor>"
-            "'[ _ next-change . . ] forever"
+            "'[ _ next-change . ] forever"
         }
     }
     { $slide "Example: time server"
diff --git a/extra/literals/authors.txt b/extra/literals/authors.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f13c9c1e77
--- /dev/null
+++ b/extra/literals/authors.txt
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Joe Groff
diff --git a/extra/literals/literals-docs.factor b/extra/literals/literals-docs.factor
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ae25c75495
--- /dev/null
+++ b/extra/literals/literals-docs.factor
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+! Copyright (C) 2008 Joe Groff.
+! See http://factorcode.org/license.txt for BSD license.
+USING: help.markup help.syntax multiline ;
+IN: literals
+
+HELP: $
+{ $syntax "$ word" }
+{ $description "Executes " { $snippet "word" } " at parse time and adds the result(s) to the parser accumulator." }
+{ $notes "Since " { $snippet "word" } " is executed at parse time, " { $snippet "$" } " cannot be used with words defined in the same compilation unit." }
+{ $examples
+
+    { $example <"
+USING: kernel literals prettyprint ;
+IN: scratchpad
+
+<< : five 5 ; >>
+{ $ five } .
+    "> "{ 5 }" }
+
+    { $example <"
+USING: kernel literals prettyprint ;
+IN: scratchpad
+
+<< : seven-eleven 7 11 ; >>
+{ $ seven-eleven } .
+    "> "{ 7 11 }" }
+
+} ;
+
+HELP: $[
+{ $syntax "$[ code ]" }
+{ $description "Calls " { $snippet "code" } " at parse time and adds the result(s) to the parser accumulator." }
+{ $notes "Since " { $snippet "code" } " is executed at parse time, it cannot reference any words defined in the same compilation unit." }
+{ $examples
+
+    { $example <"
+USING: kernel literals math prettyprint ;
+IN: scratchpad
+
+<< : five 5 ; >>
+{ $[ five dup 1+ dup 2 + ] } .
+    "> "{ 5 6 8 }" }
+
+} ;
+
+{ POSTPONE: $ POSTPONE: $[ } related-words
+
+ARTICLE: "literals" "Interpolating code results into literal values"
+"The " { $vocab-link "literals" } " vocabulary contains words to run code at parse time and insert the results into more complex literal values."
+{ $example <"
+USING: kernel literals math prettyprint ;
+IN: scratchpad
+
+<< : five 5 ; >>
+{ $ five $[ five dup 1+ dup 2 + ] } .
+    "> "{ 5 5 6 8 }" }
+{ $subsection POSTPONE: $ }
+{ $subsection POSTPONE: $[ }
+;
+
+ABOUT: "literals"
diff --git a/extra/literals/literals-tests.factor b/extra/literals/literals-tests.factor
index b88a286a59..185d672dd3 100644
--- a/extra/literals/literals-tests.factor
+++ b/extra/literals/literals-tests.factor
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-USING: kernel literals tools.test ;
+USING: kernel literals math tools.test ;
 IN: literals.tests
 
 <<
@@ -10,3 +10,5 @@ IN: literals.tests
 [ { 5 } ] [ { $ five } ] unit-test
 [ { 7 11 } ] [ { $ seven-eleven } ] unit-test
 [ { 6 6 6 } ] [ { $ six-six-six } ] unit-test
+
+[ { 8 8 8 } ] [ { $[ six-six-six [ 2 + ] tri@ ] } ] unit-test
diff --git a/extra/literals/literals.factor b/extra/literals/literals.factor
index d46f492cd4..a450c2118e 100644
--- a/extra/literals/literals.factor
+++ b/extra/literals/literals.factor
@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
-USING: continuations kernel parser words ;
+! (c) Joe Groff, see license for details
+USING: continuations kernel parser words quotations ;
 IN: literals
 
 : $ scan-word [ execute ] curry with-datastack ; parsing
+: $[ \ ] parse-until >quotation with-datastack ; parsing
diff --git a/extra/literals/summary.txt b/extra/literals/summary.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..dfeb9fe797
--- /dev/null
+++ b/extra/literals/summary.txt
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Expression interpolation into sequence literals
diff --git a/extra/literals/tags.txt b/extra/literals/tags.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..71c0ff7282
--- /dev/null
+++ b/extra/literals/tags.txt
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+syntax
diff --git a/extra/log-viewer/log-viewer.factor b/extra/log-viewer/log-viewer.factor
index 263454f769..08a5eac72d 100755
--- a/extra/log-viewer/log-viewer.factor
+++ b/extra/log-viewer/log-viewer.factor
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ IN: log-viewer
     [ print read-lines ] [ 2drop flush ] if ;
 
 : tail-file-loop ( stream monitor -- )
-    dup next-change 2drop over read-lines tail-file-loop ;
+    dup next-change drop over read-lines tail-file-loop ;
 
 : tail-file ( file -- )
     dup utf8 <file-reader> dup read-lines
diff --git a/extra/partial-continuations/partial-continuations-docs.factor b/extra/partial-continuations/partial-continuations-docs.factor
index a70109347b..ef15565172 100644
--- a/extra/partial-continuations/partial-continuations-docs.factor
+++ b/extra/partial-continuations/partial-continuations-docs.factor
@@ -12,9 +12,9 @@ HELP: bshift
 { $notes "It is important to note that even if the quotation discards items on the stack, the stack will be restored to the way it was before it is called (which is true of continuation usage in general)." } ;
 
 ARTICLE: "partial-continuations" "Partial continuations"
-"Based on Scheme code for bshift and breset from"
+"Based on Scheme code for bshift and breset from "
 { $url "http://groups.google.com/group/comp.lang.scheme/msg/9f0d61da01540816" } "."
-"See this blog entry for more details:"
+" See this blog entry for more details:"
 { $url "http://www.bluishcoder.co.nz/2006/03/factor-partial-continuation-updates.html" }
 { $subsection breset }
 { $subsection bshift } ;
diff --git a/extra/sequences/n-based/authors.txt b/extra/sequences/n-based/authors.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f13c9c1e77
--- /dev/null
+++ b/extra/sequences/n-based/authors.txt
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Joe Groff
diff --git a/extra/sequences/n-based/n-based-docs.factor b/extra/sequences/n-based/n-based-docs.factor
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6c56300f6d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/extra/sequences/n-based/n-based-docs.factor
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+! (c)2008 Joe Groff, see BSD license etc.
+USING: help.markup help.syntax kernel math multiline sequences ;
+IN: sequences.n-based
+
+HELP: <n-based-assoc>
+{ $values { "seq" sequence } { "base" integer } { "n-based-assoc" n-based-assoc } }
+{ $description "Wraps " { $snippet "seq" } " in an " { $link n-based-assoc } " wrapper." }
+{ $examples
+{ $example <"
+USING: assocs prettyprint kernel sequences.n-based ;
+IN: scratchpad
+
+: months
+    {
+        "January"
+        "February"
+        "March"
+        "April"
+        "May"
+        "June"
+        "July"
+        "August"
+        "September"
+        "October"
+        "November"
+        "December"
+    } 1 <n-based-assoc> ;
+
+10 months at .
+"> "\"October\"" } } ;
+
+HELP: n-based-assoc
+{ $class-description "An adaptor class that allows a sequence to be treated as an assoc with non-zero-based keys." }
+{ $examples
+{ $example <"
+USING: assocs prettyprint kernel sequences.n-based ;
+IN: scratchpad
+
+: months
+    {
+        "January"
+        "February"
+        "March"
+        "April"
+        "May"
+        "June"
+        "July"
+        "August"
+        "September"
+        "October"
+        "November"
+        "December"
+    } 1 <n-based-assoc> ;
+
+10 months at .
+"> "\"October\"" } } ;
+
+{ n-based-assoc <n-based-assoc> } related-words
+
+ARTICLE: "sequences.n-based" "N-based sequences"
+"The " { $vocab-link "sequences.n-based" } " vocabulary provides a sequence adaptor that allows a sequence to be treated as an assoc with non-zero-based keys."
+{ $subsection n-based-assoc }
+{ $subsection <n-based-assoc> }
+;
+
+ABOUT: "sequences.n-based"
diff --git a/extra/sequences/n-based/n-based-tests.factor b/extra/sequences/n-based/n-based-tests.factor
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7ee5bd649f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/extra/sequences/n-based/n-based-tests.factor
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+! (c)2008 Joe Groff, see BSD license etc.
+USING: kernel accessors assocs
+sequences sequences.n-based tools.test ;
+IN: sequences.n-based.tests
+
+: months
+    V{
+        "January"
+        "February"
+        "March"
+        "April"
+        "May"
+        "June"
+        "July"
+        "August"
+        "September"
+        "October"
+        "November"
+        "December"
+    } clone 1 <n-based-assoc> ; inline
+
+[ "December" t ]
+[ 12 months at* ] unit-test 
+[ f f ]
+[ 13 months at* ] unit-test 
+[ f f ]
+[ 0 months at* ] unit-test 
+
+[ 12 ] [ months assoc-size ] unit-test
+
+[ {
+    {  1 "January" }
+    {  2 "February" }
+    {  3 "March" }
+    {  4 "April" }
+    {  5 "May" }
+    {  6 "June" }
+    {  7 "July" }
+    {  8 "August" }
+    {  9 "September" }
+    { 10 "October" }
+    { 11 "November" }
+    { 12 "December" }
+} ] [ months >alist ] unit-test
+
+[ V{
+    "January"
+    "February"
+    "March"
+    "April"
+    "May"
+    "June"
+    "July"
+    "August"
+    "September"
+    "October"
+    "November"
+    "December"
+    "Smarch"
+} ] [ "Smarch" 13 months [ set-at ] keep seq>> ] unit-test
+
+[ V{ } ] [ months [ clear-assoc ] keep seq>> ] unit-test
+
+
diff --git a/extra/sequences/n-based/n-based.factor b/extra/sequences/n-based/n-based.factor
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..78fe851389
--- /dev/null
+++ b/extra/sequences/n-based/n-based.factor
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+! (c)2008 Joe Groff, see BSD license etc.
+USING: accessors assocs kernel math math.ranges sequences
+sequences.private ;
+IN: sequences.n-based
+
+TUPLE: n-based-assoc seq base ;
+C: <n-based-assoc> n-based-assoc
+
+<PRIVATE
+
+: n-based@ ( key assoc -- n seq )
+    [ base>> - ] [ nip seq>> ] 2bi ;
+: n-based-keys ( assoc -- range )
+    [ base>> ] [ assoc-size ] bi 1 <range> ;
+
+PRIVATE>
+
+INSTANCE: n-based-assoc assoc 
+M: n-based-assoc at* ( key assoc -- value ? )
+    n-based@ 2dup bounds-check?
+    [ nth-unsafe t ] [ 2drop f f ] if ;
+M: n-based-assoc assoc-size ( assoc -- size )
+    seq>> length ;
+M: n-based-assoc >alist ( assoc -- alist )
+    [ n-based-keys ] [ seq>> ] bi zip ;
+M: n-based-assoc set-at ( value key assoc -- )
+    n-based@ set-nth ;
+M: n-based-assoc delete-at ( key assoc -- )
+    [ f ] 2dip n-based@ set-nth ;
+M: n-based-assoc clear-assoc ( assoc -- )
+    seq>> delete-all ;
diff --git a/extra/sequences/n-based/summary.txt b/extra/sequences/n-based/summary.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a8097a3131
--- /dev/null
+++ b/extra/sequences/n-based/summary.txt
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Sequence adaptor to treat a sequence as an n-based assoc
diff --git a/extra/sequences/n-based/tags.txt b/extra/sequences/n-based/tags.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1ee19c1323
--- /dev/null
+++ b/extra/sequences/n-based/tags.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+sequences
+assocs
diff --git a/misc/fuel/fuel-syntax.el b/misc/fuel/fuel-syntax.el
index a095e70256..7f3e0c46f5 100644
--- a/misc/fuel/fuel-syntax.el
+++ b/misc/fuel/fuel-syntax.el
@@ -254,9 +254,9 @@
     (" \\((\\)( \\([^\n]*\\) )\\()\\)\\( \\|\n\\)" (1 "<b") (2 "w") (3 ">b"))
     (" \\((\\) \\([^\n]*\\) \\()\\)\\( \\|\n\\)" (1 "<b") (2 "w") (3 ">b"))
     ;; Strings
-    ("\\( \\|^\\)\\(DLL\\|P\\|SBUF\\)\\(\"\\)[^\n\r\f]*\\(\"\\)\\( \\|\n\\)"
+    ("\\( \\|^\\)\\(DLL\\|P\\|SBUF\\)\\(\"\\)[^\n\r\f]*?\\(\"\\)\\( \\|\n\\)"
      (3 "\"") (4 "\""))
-    ("\\( \\|^\\)\\(\"\\)[^\n\r\f]*\\(\"\\)\\( \\|\n\\)" (2 "\"") (3 "\""))
+    ("\\(\"\\)[^\n\r\f]*?\\(\"\\)\\( \\|\n\\|$\\)" (1 "\"") (2 "\""))
     ("\\_<<\\(\"\\)\\_>" (1 "<b"))
     ("\\_<\\(\"\\)>\\_>" (1 ">b"))
     ;; Multiline constructs